Biomedical subjects

O Tanizawa

Publications and source records attributed to O Tanizawa.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Clinical value of sialyl Tn antigen in patients with gynecologic tumors.

Sialyl Tn antigen was measured by the immunoradiometric competitive inhibition assay in sera from patients with various gynecologic tumors: 49 uterine myomas, 97 cervical cancers, 42 endometrial cancers, 63 benign ovarian tumors, and 59 ovarian cancers including eight cases of borderline malignancy. Among the patients with uterine malignancies, a few cases showed a sialyl Tn antigen level in excess of the cutoff limit (39 U/mL). In the patients with ovarian cancers, serum sialyl Tn antigen was significantly elevated: clinical stage I, 31%; stage II, 29%; and stage III, 69%. The antigen level also correlated with the effect of treatment. In addition, malignant fluid exhibited a high sialyl Tn antigen level, whereas benign fluid showed no elevation. However, serum sialyl Tn antigen was elevated in 6% of the patients with benign ovarian cysts and in 1.5% of normal volunteers. The current findings demonstrate that the lack of tumor specificity of sialyl Tn antigen limits its diagnostic value in gynecologic malignancies, but that serial measurement of this antigen appears to be useful for monitoring patients and evaluating therapy.

ABO Blood-Group System↗

PubMed1990

[Intermittent administration of the combination chemotherapy with cis-platin, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (cyclic-PAC chemotherapy) for the ovarian cancers].

Despite cis-platin-based combination chemotherapy with initially high response rates in advanced ovarian cancer, the overall survival rate remains unsatisfactory. This prompted us to design a new systematic approach using a combination chemotherapy consisting of cis-platin, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (PAC), namely cyclic-PAC chemotherapy: Three-step chemotherapies consisting of 3 courses of the PAC regimen in each step were administered for 18 months to patients with Stage Ic-IV, after cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy. In the present study, the survival rate with the cyclic-PAC chemotherapy was compared to that with short course-PAC and FAM (5-Fu, Alkylating agent and Mitomycin C) chemotherapies. The cyclic-PAC, PAC and FAM groups included 24 cases, 31 cases and 30 cases, respectively. Treatment of Stage Ic-IV diseases by cyclic-PAC improved the outcome (66% 3-year survival rate) compared to PAC and FAM groups (PAC 35% and FAM 30% 3-year survival rates), while no difference was observed between PAC and FAM. The outcome for patients with Stage III. IV was also superior for the cyclic-PAC group compared to the PAC and FAM groups (cyclic-PAC 54%, PAC 18% and FAM 13% 3-year survival rates). Cyclic-PAC chemotherapy is capable of dramatically improving the long-term survival rate of ovarian cancer patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Thyroxine requirement during pregnancy for replacement therapy of hypothyroidism.

We examined the dose requirements of thyroxine (T4) and desiccated thyroid during eight pregnancies of six women who had undergone total thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma. In five pregnancies from four patients treated with T4, serum free T4, which was measured by a newly developed radioimmunoassay, decreased during pregnancy but increased above the normal range after delivery. Consistent with these changes in free T4, serum TSH (measured by a highly sensitive immunoradiometric assay) increased during pregnancy but returned to an undetectable level after delivery, with one exception. The serum triiodothyronine (T3)-to-T4 ratio, which is related to peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, was lower in patients treated with T4 than in normal controls, regardless of pregnancy. The ratio decreased further during pregnancy, and so relative deficiency of T3 during pregnancy was suspected, especially in T4-treated patients. On the other hand, in two pregnancies from two other patients treated with desiccated thyroid at a dose most equivalent to that of T4, serum free T4 decreased to a low-normal value during gestation but returned to the normal range after delivery, whereas serum TSH scarcely changed during pregnancy. These findings indicate that replacement therapy for pregnant patients with hypothyroidism after total thyroidectomy should include an increased dose of T4; in contrast, the dose of desiccated thyroid need not be changed.

Female↗

PubMed1989

[The clinical evaluation of sialyl Lewis Xi antigen in patients with gynecologic tumors].

In order to estimate the clinical significance of sialyl Lewis Xi (SLXi) antigen, the antigen was measured with an "FH-6" Otsuka Kit in sera from patients with various gynecologic tumors and healthy women. The antigen in ovarian cyst fluids was also determined. Furthermore, serum SLXi antigen levels were serially followed up in the patients with elevated serum SLXi levels to evaluate the correlation between serum SLXi levels and the response to treatment. Results obtained were as follows. 1) Among the patients with uterine myoma, uterine malignancies and benign ovarian tumors, the incidence of elevated serum SLXi antigen levels was very low. 2) Among the patients with ovarian malignancies, serum SLXi antigen levels was significantly increased in the following order: clinical stage I (38%), stage II (50%) and stage III (65%). 3) The high SLXi value was observed in the cyst fluid from all ovarian mucinous adenomas and all ovarian cancers. In addition SLXi antigen level was significantly higher in the cyst fluid of mucinous adenocarcinomas than that of serous cystadenocarcinomas. 4) Serum SLXi values were correlated with the effect of treatment. Interestingly, the elevation of serum SLXi levels preceded the clinical detection of recurrence by 3 month in a case. Thus SLXi antigen appears to be a useful marker for monitoring of ovarian malignancies, especially of mucinous adenocarcinomas.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

The use of serum TA-4 in monitoring patients with malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma.

The development of cancer in mature cystic teratomas of the ovary is rare and sometimes difficult to detect because of sampling errors. Six cases of squamous cell carcinoma arising in ovarian mature cystic teratomas were studied, five of which showed an elevated level of a squamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen, TA-4, in the sera obtained preoperatively; the preoperative determination was not performed in the sixth case. However, no elevated TA-4 level was detected in the sera of 28 patients with mature cystic teratomas of the ovary. Moreover, serial determination of the serum TA-4 level showed a good correlation between the clinical course and the serum TA-4 level. Interestingly, an abnormal TA-4 level preceded the clinical detection of recurrence by 2 months in two patients. Thus, determination of the serum TA-4 concentration may be useful for diagnosing and monitoring patients with squamous cell carcinoma arising in mature cystic teratomas of the ovary.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Vertical transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I): detection of proviral DNA in HTLV-I carrier gravida.

The seroprevalence rate of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) in pregnant women in the Osaka district was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis. Twenty-one (1.0%) of 2192 samples tested were positive for both assays and the seropositive parturients were found to be integrated with HTLV-I proviral DNA in their mononuclear cells by a DNA dot blot hybridization assay using HTLV-I DNA probe or by a selective DNA amplification technique using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). On the other hand, proviral DNA was not detected in cord blood of the neonates born to the carrier mothers, indicating that transplacental infection of HTLV-I during pregnancy could be excluded. The results support the hypothesis that postpartum infection via breast milk plays a significant role among the possible perinatal transmission routes.

Carrier State↗

PubMed1989

Demonstration of functional immaturity of signal transduction pathways in human cord T cells.

We examined the nature of cytoplasmic signal transduction pathways in cord blood T cells by stimulating them with tumor promoter (TPA) and calcium ionophore (A23187). Costimulation of T cells with TPA and A23187 induced optimal proliferative responses on Day 2 in cord T cells but on Day 4 in adult T cells. The maximal responses observed in cord T cells were much less than those of adult T cells, whereas the Con A-induced proliferative responses of these cells showed no significant differences. The reduced responses of cord T cells were due to their lower efficiency in activating the cellular events in T cell activation and proliferation phase, because cord T cells have significantly less ability than adult T cells to express IL-2 receptor as well as HLA-DR and produce IL-2 molecules, thereby inducing proliferation. These data show immature characteristics of intracellular signal transduction pathways in cord T cells, which are directly related with the functional immaturity of cord T cells.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

An immunohistochemical study of neuroendocrine cells in gynecologic tumors.

Various gynecologic tumors with argyrophilia were studied immunohistochemically for chromogranin using two antibodies, antichromogranin and antineuroendocrine. Of seven small cell carcinomas of the cervix, four were immunoreactive with antichromogranin and seven with antineuroendocrine. Argyrophil cells of six cervical adenocarcinomas were all immunoractive with both antibodies. Type I argyrophil cells of 20 endometrial carcinomas were likewise stained positively. However, of the 30 endometrial carcinomas with type II argyrophil cells, 19 showed positive immunoreactivity for chromogranin and 22 for neuroendocrine. Of the ovarian tumors tested, argyrophil cells of 11 mucinous tumors, three carcinoid tumors, and the pancreatic tissue of a malignant mixed germ cell tumor were all chromogranin- and neuroendocrine-immunoreactive. Type I argyrophil cells of five endometrioid carcinomas of the ovary were also immunoreactive with both antibodies. Of the 13 endometrioid carcinomas with type II argyrophil cells, only four showed positive immunoreactivity for chromogranin and only five for neuroendocrine. In conclusion, both antichromogranin and antineuroendocrine detect the specific neuroendocrine markers in close association with argyrophilia in gynecologic tumors, the latter being more sensitive for small cell carcinoma of the cervix, and for type II argyrophil cells in adenocarcinoma of the endometrium and endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary.

Chromogranins↗

PubMed1989

A simple rapid method for prolactin assay by reversed passive hemagglutination: evaluation of its clinical application.

Measurement of the serum prolactin (PRL) level is essential in diagnosis and treatment of infertile women. At present, the serum PRL level is generally measured routinely by a radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique, but this assay requires a qualified technician and special equipment. Here we report a semi-quantitative method for PRL assay (MS-8701 kit) by reversed passive hemagglutination (R-PHA) using monoclonal PRL antibody. This assay with the MS-8701 kit is specific, and its sensitivity is 1 ng/ml. The serum PRL levels determined with the MS-8701 kit were significantly correlated with those determined by RIA (correlation coefficient 0.932). Furthermore, the effect of bromocriptine on the serum PRL level in patients with prolactinoma, and the change in the serum PRL level after metoclopramide loading could be determined using this kit. These results suggest that the MS-8701 kit should be useful in an out-patient clinic to screen for hyperprolactinemia, to check the effect of bromocriptine, and to follow up patients after operation for prolactinoma.

Amenorrhea↗

PubMed1989

Methods for monitoring follicle maturation decrease; the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome during gonadotropin treatment.

Therapy with human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin (hMG-hCG) has proved effective for induction of ovulation in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism showing anovulation or sterility. However, two important complications, the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and multiple gestations, are observed in a few patients treated with these hormones. In the past, follicular maturation was evaluated by the cervical mucus score (CM) and serum estradiol level (E2). But recently, ultrasonographic monitoring (USG) and the measurement of urinary estrogen (E) with a commercial kit of sufficiently high sensitivity have been advocated for the prevention of these complications. In this study, we investigated the relationships between the monitoring methods during hMG-hCG treatment and the rates of the OHSS, ovulation, pregnancy and multiple pregnancy.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗

PubMed1989

Decrease in neonatal suckled milk volume in diabetic women.

To clarify the influence of diseases with hormonal disturbance on puerperal lactation, we studied the amounts of milk obtained by suckling and manual extraction during the first 6 days after delivery and the rate of breast-feeding in 40 patients with diabetes mellitus, 40 with hyperthyroidism, 28 with hypothyroidism and 57 with ovulatory disturbance, and in 40 healthy women. The mean body weight of the patients with diabetes mellitus was 7 kg more than those in other groups, and delivery occurred one gestational week earlier than in other groups. The amounts of suckled milk produced by patients with diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism were significantly (p less than 0.05) less than those in other groups; there was no significant difference in milk productions in the other groups. One month after delivery, 35.5% of the babies in the diabetic group were receiving complete breast-feeding, which was significantly (p less than 0.05) lower than the percentages (52-55%) in the other groups. These data suggest that neonatal suckled milk volume in diabetic women is decreased, and that hypothyroidism may influence the initiation of lactation even when the patients are euthyroid due to treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

An immunohistochemical study of colon-ovarian tumor antigen and colon-specific antigen in gynecologic tumors.

The distribution of colon--ovarian tumor antigen (COTA) and colon-specific antigen (CSA) was studied immunohistochemically in gynecologic tumors. The antigens were absent in the serous benign tumors of the ovary and in the normal ovarian tissues, whereas they were detected in some of the mucinous benign tumors. COTA and CSA were present and similarly distributed in most malignant epithelial tumors of the ovary, with their expression increasing with malignancy. Both antigens were almost completely absent in normal glands of the endometrium, but were expressed in many of the endometrial adenocarcinomas. Adenocarcinomas of the cervix were strongly positive for both antigens, and they were also detected in some of the normal cervical glands. However, no relationship was found between the expression of the two antigens and that of argyrophilia, an intestinal metaplasia.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1989

An immunohistochemical study of small-cell and poorly differentiated carcinomas of the cervix using neuroendocrine markers.

Small-cell and poorly differentiated carcinomas of the cervix were studied immunohistochemically for several neuroendocrine and epithelial markers. Neuroendocrine markers were frequently expressed in small-cell carcinomas with argyrophilia; of the seven such tumors, four were immunoreactive with anti-chromogranin, seven with antineuroendocrine, five with anti-Leu 7, and seven with anti-neuron-specific enolase. Only neuron-specific enolase, however, was expressed in two of the three small-cell carcinomas without argyrophilia. On the other hand, one of the epithelial markers, epithelial membrane antigen, was strongly positive in all three small-cell carcinomas without argyrophilia and all seven poorly differentiated carcinomas, while it was expressed only weakly and focally in all small-cell carcinomas with argyrophilia except in one case. In conclusion, it is suggested that the immunohistochemical demonstration of several neuroendocrine markers may be helpful in diagnosing neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix as a supplement to conventional light microscopy, silver staining, and electron microscopy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1989

Adoptive cellular immunotherapy to the endometrial carcinoma cell line xenografts in nude mice.

The present study was designed to examine the immunotherapeutic properties of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells against uterine endometrial cancers. Three endometrial cancer cell lines, ISHIKAWA, SNG-M, and HHUA, were shown to be specifically lysed in short-term 51Cr-release assay, although the susceptibility was different among the cell lines. The xenograft tumors of ISHIKAWA and SNG-M exhibited high susceptibility to LAK cells in the in vitro assay and responded well to the adoptive transfer of LAK cells in nude mice. On the other hand, the xenograft of HHUA showed low reactivity to LAK cells and showed no response to the adoptive immunotherapy. However, the adoptive transfer of LAK cells combined with intraperitoneal administration of both recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and lentinan markedly inhibited the growth of HHUA xenografts in nude mice, while no response was observed in nude mice treated with LAK cells plus either rIL-2 or lentinan, or treated with rIL-2 plus lentinan alone. These results suggest the clinical application of adoptive immunotherapy in association with LAK cells, rIL-2, and lentinan as a treatment of gynecologic cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1989

A nonsialylated high-molecular-weight glycoprotein defined by a monoclonal antibody to adenocarcinoma of the uterine endometrium.

A murine monoclonal antibody, MCA-97, was prepared against a human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line. In a cellular enzyme-linked immunospecific assay, the MCA-97 antibody reacted with all adenocarcinoma cell lines tested, including four endometrial adenocarcinoma lines. The antigen defined by MCA-97 was estimated to be a nonsialylated high-molecular-weight glycoprotein containing galactose and N-acetylglucosamine in its determinant. In immunoperoxidase staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections, MCA-97 reacted with most endometrial adenocarcinomas and ovarian endometrioid-type adenocarcinomas, and also reacted with normal glandular epithelium of the female genital and gastrointestinal tracts. However, it was mostly unreactive with squamous cell carcinoma and ovarian serous adenocarcinoma tissues. By the reversed passive hemagglutination method, the antigen defined by MCA-97 was detected in the sera of one-third of patients with endometrial adenocarcinomas, and in half of those with ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinomas. The antigen was not demonstrable in the sera of most normal female volunteers. Thus, MCA-97 monoclonal antibody has potential clinical applications in diagnostic serology and pathology.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical demonstration of pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor in gynecologic tumors.

Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) is a specific trypsin inhibitor secreted by the acinar cells of the pancreas. Serum levels of immunoreactive PSTI have been reported elevated in patients with various malignancies including gynecologic tumors. The immunohistochemical localization of PSTI is studied in the comparison with argyrophilia and amylase immunoreactivity on 100 ovarian tumors, 35 endometrial carcinomas, and 34 cervical carcinomas. PSTI was noted in 19 of 85 common epithelial tumors of the ovary, being most frequently in mucinous tumors and less in endometrioid, but only occurred in immature pancreatic tissue of 1 of 15 germ cell tumors tested. In the uterus, 5 of 19 adenocarcinomas of the endometrium and 3 of 10 adenocarcinomas of the cervix were positive for PSTI immunoreactivity. PSTI was found more frequently in the tumors with argyrophil cells, especially of type I, but was related to the intestinal metaplasia and exocrine secretion rather than argyrophilia itself, judging from the different localization of PSTI and argyrophilic granules. No relationship was observed between amylase and PSTI immunoreactivity.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1989

Analysis of site of action of a choriocarcinoma-derived immunoregulatory factor on IL-2-mediated T cell responses.

We have investigated the functional ability of a choriocarcinoma-cell-derived factor to block human T cell responses and the factor's immunoregulatory site of action on the T cell signal transduction pathway. The factor completely suppressed human T cell responses activated by phorbol ester and calcium ionophore, reagents which strongly stimulate IL-2-mediated T cell responses. It failed to inhibit CD 25 expression and IL-2 production by T cell blasts in the T cell activation phase, but completely blocked recombinant IL-2-induced proliferation of T cell blasts in the T cell proliferation phase. Absorption experiments with the factor and Con A-induced T cell blasts as well as [125I]IL-2 binding experiments with T cell blasts revealed that the factor acted on the physiological events occurring after IL-2-mediated stimulation of IL-2 receptor complexes, demonstrating no interaction of the factor with either IL-2 molecules or IL-2 receptor complexes. Moreover, it suppressed murine IL-2 dependent T cell line proliferation, suggesting the presence of common pathways in human and murine T cell proliferation. The biological and immunological significance of the factor during pregnancy and in the immunosuppressed tumor-bearing hosts are discussed.

Calcimycin↗

PubMed1989

Peripheral large granular lymphocytes in normal pregnant and postpartum women: decrease in late pregnancy and dynamic change in the puerperium.

Large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) have a variety of cytotoxic activities of NK, K and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, suggesting that their morphology is indicative of lytic function. In non-pregnant normal control women (n = 48), the number of LGLs was 0.30 +/- 0.14 x 10(9)/l and the proportion of LGLs in their peripheral lymphocyte fraction was 14.0 +/- 5.4%. The number and proportion of LGLs were significantly decreased in the third trimester of pregnancy (n = 32; 0.19 +/- 0.08 x 10(9)/l, P less than 0.01, and 11.7 +/- 3.8%, P less than 0.05), although an unexpected increase in the proportion of LGLs was observed in the first trimester of pregnancy (n = 24; 17.5 +/- 6.5%, P less than 0.05). After delivery, the number and proportion of LGLs increased rapidly to restore the non-pregnant levels and showed a marked increase in LGL count 4 months postpartum. These data suggest that lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity decreases in late pregnancy and increase dynamically after delivery to restore the non-pregnant state.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗