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Biomedical subjects

O Tanaka

Publications and source records attributed to O Tanaka.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Effects of sex hormones and propylthioracil on growth of transplantable rat thyroid tumor with estrogen receptor (ER)].

UNLABELLED: Effects of hormones (E2: estradiol, TP: testosterone) and propylthiouracil (PTU) on the growth of transplantable rat thyroid tumor (F2D1) having estrogen receptors were studied. Rat thyroid neoplasms, induced by N-bis (2-hydroxypropyl) nitrosamine, were inoculated subcutaneously from donor to recipient rats, in order to establish 16 transplantable rat thyroid tumor lines. The grafts were used for histological studies and for the assay of estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR). Of these lines, we designated papillary carcinoma, which was positive for ER (N: 12.5fmol/mg protein, Kd: 0.4nM) but negative for AR, as F2D1. For studies on the effects of sex hormones and PTU on the growth of transplantable tumors, the rats which had been inoculated with tumors were divided into the following 8 groups; (1) Intact, (2) PTU, (3) ovariectomy (OV), and (4) OV + E2 for female, and (5) Intact, (6) PTU, (7) castration (CA), and (8) CA + TP for male. RESULTS: The growth rate of F2D1 in female rats was decreased by OV, but no change was observed in OV + E2 as compared with Intact. CA and CA + TP in male rats did not influence the growth rate. PTU produced a significant increase in the growth rate in both sexes. These results demonstrate that estrogen and PTU act on the growth of ER-positive rat thyroid tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Flow cytometric analysis of DNA ploidy in nasosinal papilloma].

Using paraffin embedded specimens taken from 32 patients with histologically benign nasosinal papillomas, we conducted nuclear DNA analysis by flow cytometry and studied the biological degree of malignancy in this disease. Aneuploidy, which is frequently observed in malignant tumors was not seen in any of these nasosinal papilloma cases. Age did not affect either S+G2M % or polyploid %, two parameters that reflect cell proliferation capacity. Both parameters, S+G2M % and polyploid %, were higher in inverted papillomas which are more likely to become malignant than epithelial papillomas. In recurrent cases of nasosinal papilloma both S+G2M % and polyploid % were higher than in nonrecurrent cases. Moreover, the polyploid % was significantly different, supporting speculation that this can be used as a parameter for predicting recurrence of nasosinal papilloma.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1992

[A case of renal hemangiopericytoma].

A 27-year-old female was referred with an abdominal mass. Examination revealed a non tender firm mass in the right flank and hypertension (200/100 mmHg). An angiomyolipoma was suspected on computed tomography and arteriography and a radical nephrectomy was performed. On cut section, the kidney was occupied by a well-capsulated, grayish tumor measuring 10 x 9 cm. Pathological diagnosis was a renal hemangiopericytoma without involvement of the capsule. Her blood pressure has normalized after the operation. She has no evidence of recurrence after 18 months' follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Flow cytometric BrdU/DNA assay for anticancer agent sensitivity test].

The significance of BrdU/DNA double staining method using flow cytometry as a chemosensitivity test of anticancer agents is herein reported. Experimentally, CDDP, ADM and MMC yielded a significant increase of G2 phase fraction at 24, 48 and 72 hours, and caused a significant decrease of BrdU labeling index at 48 hours. The changes of G2 phase fraction and BrdU labeling index were correlated well with the result of colony forming test, and, therefore, were considered as a useful index of lethal effect of anticancer agents. For the clinical application, enzymatic preparation and discontinuous Ficoll density gradient method might be advantageous to collect viable tumor cells from solid specimen. Flow cytometric BrdU/DNA assay can be clinically applied as a chemosensitivity test in selecting effective anticancer drugs.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1992

[Studies on chemical constituents of the roots of Lantana camara].

Six oligosaccharides (I-VI) and six iridoid glucosides (VII-XII) isolated from the ethanolic extract of Lantana camara roots were identified as stachyose (I), verbascose (II), ajugose (III), verbascotetracose (IV), alpha-D-galac-(1-[-6)-alpha-D-galac(-1](3)-6-D-gluc(V ) , alpha-D-galac-(1-6)-alpha-D-galac(-1]-(4)6-D-)gluc(VI) , theveside (VII), 8-epiloganin (VIII), shanzhsid methyl ester (IX), theviridoside (X), lamiridoside (XI) and geniposide (XII), on the basis of spectral analysis (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FD-MS, GC-MS), physico-chemical constants and preparation of derivatives. V and VI were new compounds named lantanose A and lantanose B, respectively. The others were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
PubMed1992

[Management of patients with impaired glucose tolerance following esophagectomy in carcinoma of the esophagus].

We demonstrated the effectiveness of the "sliding scale" insulin infusion in diabetic patients undergoing esophagectomy. Fifty-eight patients were followed after esophagectomy to clarify differences in energy expenditure and caloric contributions of substrates. Energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days after esophagectomy. Out of 58 patients, 7 were divided into diabetic (D), 30 into borderline (B), 21 into normal (N), according to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, preoperatively. Forty-four patients underwent esophagectomy by means of right thoracotomy, and blunt esophagectomy was done on 14 patients. The results were as follows: 1) No relation was found between postoperative morbidity and severity of glucose intolerance. 2) There was no significant difference in changes in energy expenditure following operation among groups D, B, and N. No difference was found in ratio of caloric intake to energy expenditure among groups D, B, and N. Caloric contributions of substrates seemed to be comparable among groups D, B, and N. These results suggest that "sliding scale" insulin infusion with total parenteral nutrition enable us to control not only blood glucose level but energy metabolism following esophagectomy in diabetic patients.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1992

[Coronary artery spasm during coronary artery bypass surgery].

We report two cases of coronary artery spasm during coronary artery bypass surgery. As one of the complications during cardiac surgeries, coronary vasoconstriction occurs mainly after coming off cardiopulmonary bypass. The factors responsible for the spasm include high endogenous catecholamine levels due to inadequate anesthesia and hypothermia, exogenous catecholamines for circulatory support, various chemical mediators and combination of these factors. Coronary artery spasm was suspected strongly because of sudden ischemic change in electrocardiography and simultaneous aggravation of circulatory parameters, which improved immediately after direct injection of coronary vasodilators into vein graft. This method, popular in coronary angiography and catheterization, is effective for release of coronary-artery spasm observed particularly after cardiopulmonary bypass. Then mechanical circulatory assist is readily available to treat possible systemic side effect of the vasodilators.

Coronary Artery Bypass↗
PubMed1992

Phase II evaluation of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a Japanese Esophageal Oncology Group Trial.

Thirty-nine patients with advanced measurable squamous cell carcinomas were treated with two or more courses of 70 mg cisplatin/m2 on day 1 and 700 mg infused 5-fluorouracil/m2 on days 1-5 every 21 days. The overall response rate was 35.9 (95% confidence limits, 24.8-55.1%). Responses were seen in primary sites in the esophagus of five patients, in the lung of seven, the liver of one and the mediastinal lymph nodes of one. The average response duration was 3.5 (range 1-12) mo for patients who achieved partial response. The average survival time after the first administration was 9.5 mo for patients who responded to the treatment whereas, for those who did not, it was 5.6 mo. The major form of toxicity was myelosuppression and there were six patients with grade 3 toxicity and one with grade 4. The present study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of combined cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil for advanced squamous cell carcinoma, and the results showed that it had a reasonable effect and might possibly be used as a postoperative chemotherapy because of its mild side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Localization of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (stromelysin) in osteoarthritic cartilage and synovium.

Degradation of proteoglycans is an initial change in osteoarthritic cartilage. Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3; stromelysin) capable of degrading cartilage proteoglycans and type IX collagen was immunolocalized in osteoarthritic and normal cartilage. Immunohistochemical studies showed MMP-3 in chondrocytes of the superficial and transition zones in approximately 90% of osteoarthritic cartilage (60 of 67 samples) and in 31% of those of the superficial zone in some normal cartilage (4 of 13 samples). MMP-3 staining correlated directly with the histological histochemical scores of Mankin and with proteoglycan depletion, up to a certain grade of severity. Chondrocytes in the deep radial zone, clusters, and osteophytes were immunostained only when proteoglycan depletion and fissures affected them. Culture media from osteoarthritic cartilage contained significantly higher levels of metalloproteinase activity that was identified as MMP-3 by immunoblotting and lower amounts of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases compared with those in the control samples. MMP-3 was also immunolocalized in the lining cells of most osteoarthritic synovium (20 of 23 specimens, 87%) with a direct correlation with scores of inflammatory cell infiltration in the synovium, but it was not detected in the normal synovium. Light and electron microscopic studies demonstrated that MMP-3 digests proteoglycan aggregates in human articular cartilage. Treatment of normal and osteoarthritic cartilage slices with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and/or interleukin-1 alpha increased the number of MMP-3-immunoreactive chondrocytes and the intensity of the staining. These data suggest that MMP-3 produced by the chondrocytes and synovial lining cells under stimulation with these cytokines may be important in proteoglycan degradation in human ostoearthritic cartilage.

Cartilage Diseases↗
PubMed1991

Histochemically demonstrable phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase in the rat hippocampal formation.

Using o-phospho-L-tyrosine as substrate, a possible localization of phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase (PTPPase) activity was histochemically demonstrated in the rat hippocampal formation. The PTPPase activity was found in almost all layers of the hippocampal formation, with a high activity in the stratum moleculare. The activity was inhibited by vanadate and molybdate, but not by NaF and Zn2+. The activity was localized in the dendritic cytoplasm, particularly on the postsynaptic density, of hippocampal neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Ultrasound observations of tongue motor behavior.

In this investigation of motor skills of the tongue and age-related changes in motor behavior, upward and downward tongue movements with the teeth in centric occlusion and regulated by a metronome were recorded. The recordings were made by use of ultrasound diagnostic equipment with a 5 MHz electronic convex section scanning probe and a physiologic signal unit connected to a heart sound microphone in a group of young subjects and a group of older subjects. The results were as follows. (1) The system provided a useful method to evaluate motor skills of the tongue with sound signals showing clear images of the tongue surface and its movements. (2) The rhythm of tongue movements in older persons varied more than in younger persons. (3) The velocity in the upward and downward movements decreased and were statistically significant (p less than 0.01) in the older group. (4) The time lag between the sound signal and the start of touching the palate and floor of the mouth was longer (p less than 0.01) and the variations were greater in the older group. (5) The study showed age-related changes in motor behavior of the tongue.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effects of exogenous intravenous glucose on plasma glucose and lipid homeostasis in anesthetized children.

Whether or not intravenous glucose administration during pediatric anesthesia is necessary remains a controversial issue. The current study was designed to investigate the effect of glucose infusion on concentrations of plasma glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides, ketone bodies, and insulin and to determine whether the use of solutions containing less than 5% glucose would maintain physiologic plasma glucose concentrations during tympanoplasty lasting about 6 h. Forty-five children aged between 1.5 and 9 yr were divided randomly into three groups of 15 patients each to receive the following intravenous solutions: LR groups, lactated Ringer's solution (LR) alone; D2LR group, 2% glucose in LR; and D5LR group, 5% glucose in LR. All fluids were infused at a rate of 6 ml.kg-1.h-1 until 1 h after anesthesia. In the LR group, the plasma glucose concentrations remained unchanged perioperatively compared with basal values, whereas in the D2LR group they showed a gradual increase during surgery but remained normoglycemic. On the other hand, in the D5LR group, the plasma glucose concentrations increased markedly both during and after the operation. Furthermore, 3 of 15 patients showed hyperglycemia of more than 300 mg.dl-1 during anesthesia. There was no evidence of lipid mobilization or impaired secretion of insulin, since plasma NEFA, triglycerides, ketone bodies, and insulin remained within normal concentration ranges throughout the sample period in the three groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1991

Mode of expression of muscle-type enolase isozyme in the developing limb bud of human embryos.

The appearance of beta-enolase, a glycolytic enzyme, was studied immunohistochemically using the upper limb bud of human embryos at Carnegie stages from 13 to 21. beta-Enolase-immunoreactive cells first appeared at stage 15 in the proximal portion of the upper limb bud. It was evidenced that glycogen granules first appear at the same stage. These results may suggest that changes in energy metabolism might be one of the earliest events in the differentiating steps of the skeletal muscles because this stage is earlier than the stages of cell fusion, myofilament formation and innervation of the muscle cells.

Arm↗
PubMed1991

Ultrastructural study on the retinal pigment epithelium of human embryos, with special reference to quantitative study on the development of melanin granules.

The development of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) was studied ultrastructurally, using 13 externally normal human embryos, Carnegie stages ranging from 13 to 23 (4-8 week of gestation). Melanosomes in the peripheral and posterior RPE were classified according to Fitzpatrick et al. The melanosome of phase I is formed from the Golgi complex and parcelled off into small vesicles. The vesicle enlarges and elongates to form an oval organelle with membranous structures in it (phase II melanosome). Subsequently, melanin deposits on the membranous structures of the melanosomes (phase III melanosomes), and the completion of this process produces a uniformly electrondense granule without discernible internal structures (phase IV melanosome). Melanosomes of phases III and IV appeared in the RPE at stage 15. As the embryonic stage advanced, the ratio of phase II melanosomes decreased and that of phase IV melanosomes increased. The number of phase III melanosomes reached a peak in the peripheral and posterior RPE at stages 15 and 18, respectively. After stage 17, the increase in melanosomes and intracellular organelles was more prominent in the posterior than in the peripheral RPE. During stages 13 and 15, gap junctions were present not only in the apical but also basal plasma membranes of the RPE. At stage 20, gap junctions in the basal plasma membrane disappeared except for the transitional areas from the RPE to the neural retina (NR). In addition, gap junctions were observed between NR and RPE only in the peripheral region at stage 20. The morphological and quantitative differences in the peripheral and posterior RPE in the embryonic period are discussed.

Cytoplasmic Granules↗