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Biomedical subjects

O Smoleński

Publications and source records attributed to O Smoleński.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Pregnancy in patients with end-stage renal failure on maintenance dialysis: case reports].

Pregnancy in women with end-stage renal failure on maintenance dialysis is rare, and the chance of successful delivery is relatively low. In this paper we present two cases of women who conceived just prior to initiation of renal replacement therapy and the pregnancy was terminated successfully already on chronic dialysis treatment. The special attention was paid on the necessity of multi-disciplinary collaboration and the need for changes in regular dialysis schedule as the conditions crucial for successful delivery. In summary, the review of current literature dealing with mentioned problem was done.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Comparison of anti-HBV vaccine efficacy given intradermally and intramuscularly in hemodialysis patients].

Patients chronically hemodialysed are recognised as a group of especially high risk for viral hepatitis B (HBV) infection. Moreover, their hyporesponsiveness to vaccination is widely known. So establishment of highly effective vaccination protocol is indispensable. We are presenting 5 year prospective observations of results of hemodialysis patients anti-HBV vaccination. 36 patients were vaccinated intramuscularly (among them 30 were revaccinated intradermally) and 40 patients--only intradermally. We revealed that seroprotective level of anti-HBs antibodies should be at least 100 IU/ml. We disclosed, that intradermal anti-HBV vaccination--compared to intramuscular--was significantly more effective (77.5%--and including answer in the second vaccination cycle 85.0%--vs 38.9%) and, moreover, less amount of vaccine could be used (28.2 micrograms--and for patients answering barely in the second vaccination cycle 53.7 micrograms--vs 123 micrograms). However, after intradermal vaccination seroprotective antibodies level falls faster and should be checked every 3 months. Patients answering efficiently to vaccination--comparing to answering inefficiently--have significantly higher albumin level and are younger. Moreover, higher dialysis dose favors the successful long-time answer to vaccination.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Permanent catheter as an alternative vascular access for hemodialysis].

There are presented own experiences in permanent catheter application as vascular access for hemodialysis. During 1.5 year in 15 patients 18 catheters were inserted. 3 catheters had to be exchanged during first month. Catheter malfunctions (complete obstruction, ventil sign) were observed 13 times in 5-in all patients catheter patients (ratio 3.88/1000 days). Streptokinase and Urokinase were applied 9 times-in all patients catheter patency were reinstituted (however, 2 patients had insufficient blood flows). Infective complications (local or general) occurred 4 times in 3 patients (ratio 1.55/1000 days)-there were no necessity for catheter removal. On the base of own experience, as well as literature, there are discussed indications for permanent catheter application as dialysis access, practical issue in the use and complications management.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effect of haemodialysate and its peptide fractions on acetylcholinesterase activity in erythrocytes from healthy subjects and patients with terminal renal failure.

The effects of haemodialysate and its three peptide fractions on acetylcholinesterase (AChE, E.C. 3.1.1.7) activity in erythrocytes from healthy subjects and patients with terminal renal insufficiency treated by repeated haemodialyses have been studied. It was shown that erythrocytes from haemodialysed patients display an increased activity of the enzyme if compared with those from healthy subjects. Neither haemodialysate nor any of its three peptide fractions, when incubated with erythrocytes from healthy subjects and from haemodialysed patients, have altered the activity of the enzyme, except for fraction III at the highest concentration. This fraction exerted an inhibitory effect on AChE activity of the erythrocyte derived from healthy subjects.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1992

Effect of haemodialysate and its peptide fractions on lactate dehydrogenase activity in erythrocytes from healthy subjects and patients with end-stage renal disease.

The effect of haemodialysate and its 3 peptide fractions on lactate dehydrogenase activity in erythrocytes was studied in patients treated by repeated haemodialysis for end-stage renal disease and in healthy subjects. Erythrocytes from dialyzed patients showed significantly lower LDH activity than those from healthy subjects. After a 3-h incubation with haemodialysate (675 and 450 micrograms protein/ml), or its peptide fraction III (270 and 190 micrograms protein/ml), a significant inhibition of LDH activity was observed. On the other hand, neither haemodialysate nor its peptide fractions inhibited LDH activity in red blood cells from patients with end-stage renal disease treated by repeated haemodialysis.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1990

The effect of aluminium on the heam biosynthesis (in vitro) in bone marrow cells in rats.

The study has been carried out on male Wistar rats. The aim of the present study was to trace the effect of aluminium chloride and aluminium nitrate at concentration 10 microM and 20 microM on haem biosynthesis in vitro in bone marrow cell culture. The ability of haem biosynthesis in bone marrow cell culture after 48 h of experiments with aluminium chloride and aluminium nitrate significantly decreased in relation with the control value.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of hemodialysate and its peptide fractions on stromal cells and heme synthesis in bone marrow culture and the activity of selected enzymes and GSH level of human erythrocytes. I. Effect on LDH activity in healthy persons and patients with terminal renal failure].

The purpose of the study was in evaluation of the effect of hemodialysate and its 3 peptide fractions on the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH, E.C.1.1.1.28) activity in erythrocytes in patients treated by repeated hemodialyses due to the terminal renal failure and in healthy subjects. It has been demonstrated that erythrocytes from hemodialysed patients show significantly diminished activity of LDH if compare with that in the healthy subjects. Activity of that enzyme in erythrocytes from healthy subjects after 3 hours lasting incubation with hemodialysate having concentration 675 and 450 micrograms/ml calculated against the protein content has significantly been lowered. Similarly, peptide fraction III in the incubative concentration 270 and 190 micrograms/ml induced significant inhibition of the enzyme activity. Both hemodialysate and its peptide fractions do not influenced the LDH activity in erythrocytes from patients treated by repeated hemodialyses.

Bone Marrow Examination↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of hemodialysate and its peptide fractions on stromal cells and heme synthesis in bone marrow culture and the activity of selected enzymes and GSH level in human erythrocytes. I. Effect on human bone marrow stromal cells in vitro].

Hemodialysate or its three peptide fractions added to the culture of human bone stromal cells in vitro in concentration equal to 5 micrograms/ml of medium calculated against the protein content showed varying toxicity extent as expressed by shortening of cell survival time. Fraction III and hemodialysate showed the most toxic effect and shortened the cell survival time by three 24-hour periods in comparison to the control culture. Fraction III contained peptides having molecular weights in the range 1 to 5 kda that is was rich in compounds of the so-called middle molecular weights. Both hemodialysate and peptide fractions altered in the culture the participation of stromal cells reflected by diminishing the number of fibroblasts or adipocytes and an increase in the macrophage count. Above alterations speak in favor of concept that both hemodialysate and peptide fractions contain the macrophage proliferation stimulatory factor(s).

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of hemodialysate and its peptide fragments on stromal cells and heme synthesis in bone marrow culture and the activity of selected enzymes and GSH in human erythrocytes. II. Effect on heme synthesis by the erythroid cells of the human bone marrow in vitro].

Effect hemodialysate or its three peptide fractions on the heme synthesis in in vitro cultured human bone marrow erythroid cells has been studied using the 59Fe incorporation method. Heme has been extracted from human bone marrow erythroblasts. Under the hemodialysate (concentrations equal to 350 and 200 micrograms/ml) and the fraction II (concentrations equal to 14 micrograms/ml of medium calculated against the protein content) effect the 59Fe incorporation (cpm) 10(6) of nucleated marrow cells) has statistically been elevated. Hemodialysate showing capability to stimulate the heme synthesis contained peptides having molecular weights in the range of 5 to 45 kda; the molecular weights of fraction II components remained in the range of 5 to 15 kda. Since other hemodialysate peptide fractions showed no stimulatory effect on the 59Fe incorporation to heme it could be suggested that the active substance has molecular weight corresponding to 5 to 15 kda. Moreover, the substances correspond not to erythropoietin which molecular weight remains in the range of 34 to 40 kda. On the whole, it has been demonstrated that the blood factor stimulating heme synthesis reaches the dialysate.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of hemodialysate and its peptide fragments on stromal cells and heme synthesis in bone marrow culture and the activity of selected enzymes and GSH level in human erythrocytes. III. Effect on G-6-PD in erythrocytes of healthy persons and those with terminal renal failure].

It has been found that erythrocytes of hemodialysed patients show significantly increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD, E.C. 1.1.1.49) activity when compared with that in healthy subjects. Activity of that enzyme in erythrocytes from patients treated with hemodialyses incubated in 3 hours with hemodialysate (HD) or its peptide fractions (PF) showed no statistical difference when compared with controls. Similar effect of HD or PF on activity of the enzyme studied has been noted in erythrocytes from healthy subjects except fraction II having concentration equal to 14 micrograms/ml calculated against the protein content. This last fraction caused significant inhibition of the enzyme activity.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of hemodialysate and its peptide fractions on stromal cells and heme synthesis in bone marrow cultures and the activity of selected enzymes and GSH and in human erythrocytes. V. Effect on AChE activity in the erythrocytes of healthy persons and patients with terminal renal failure].

Effect of hemodialysate and its three peptide fractions on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE, E.C. 3.1.1.7) activity in erythrocytes from healthy subjects and patients with terminal renal insufficiency treated by repeated hemodialyses. It has been shown that erythrocytes from hemodialysed patients have statistically significantly increased activity of the enzyme if compared with that in healthy subjects. Both hemodialysate and its three peptide fractions after the 3 hours lasting incubation with erythrocytes from healthy subjects and from the patients induced no alteration in the enzyme activity except fraction III having incubative concentration 270 micrograms/ml calculated against the protein concentration. Fraction III exerted statistically significant inhibitory effect on the acetylcholinesterase activity in erythrocytes from healthy subjects.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of hemodialysate and its peptide fractions on stromal cells and heme synthesis in the bone marrow culture and on the activity of selected enzymes and GSH level in human erythrocytes.VI. Effect on GSH level in the erythrocytes of healthy persons and in patients with terminal renal failure].

The purpose of study was in evaluation of the hemodialysate and its peptide fractions on the reduced glutathione++ (GSH) concentration in erythrocytes from healthy subjects and patients with terminal renal insufficiency treated by repeated hemodialyses. Erythrocytes rom dialysed patients' showed statistically significant decrease of the GSH concentration--1.69 +/- 0.28 mmol/l when compared with that in erythrocytes from healthy subjects--2.45 +/- 0.57 mmol/l. In search of factor decreasing the GSH concentration the erythrocytes from healthy subjects and from patients studied were incubated in vitro with the hemodialysate and its peptide fractions. After the 3 hours lasting incubation no significant alterations in the GSH concentration were noted both in erythrocytes from healthy subjects and the patients.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1985

Detection of plasma proteins during sequential ultrafiltration/dialysis.

Elimination of low molecular weight proteins during sequential ultrafiltration/dialysis was studied in 29 uremic patients. Beta-2-microglobulin, retinol binding protein, free light chains lambda and kappa, Zn-alpha-2-glycoprotein, hemopexin, prealbumin, hemoglobin, albumin, acid alpha-1-glycoprotein, haptoglobin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, ribonuclease, lysozyme, amylase, non-specific esterase, and proteolytic activity were detected in all ultrafiltrates tested. The level of total protein and ribonuclease was determined in 36 crude ultrafiltrates from 23 patients. Concentrated ultrafiltrates were used to quantitate retinol binding protein, prealbumin, albumin, lysozyme, and amylase. Other proteins identified in the ultrafiltrates are present in trace amounts. The question was discussed whether ++inextensive but systematic loss of proteins during hemofiltration in chronic RDT might be the cause of patient homeostasis disturbances.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of hemodialysis on plasma and erythrocyte phenylalanine levels in end-stage kidney patients.

Effect of hemodialysis on phenylalanine distribution between the intracellular water of erythrocytes and the plasma obtained from patients with end-stage kidney was studied by fluorimetric measurements of phenylalanine concentration according to the method of Mc Caman and Robins. The measurements were performed twice: before and after 4 h of hemodialysis. It was found that the nondialyzed patients with end-stage kidney had higher than normal phenylalanine concentrations both in plasma and in the intracellular water of erythrocytes. Hemodialysis brought about a decrease in plasma phenylalanine level without influencing the erythrocyte concentration of the studied amino acid and without altering the function of the erythrocyte cell membrane, as far as the phenylalanine transport was concerned.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Output of peritoneal cells into peritoneal dialysate. Cytochemical and functional studies.

The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cells in the peritoneal dialysate from 12 patients were examined. The number of cells in each subsequent fraction of dialysate decreased, while the differential cell count remained relatively constant for each individual patient. Macrophages, lymphocytes, granulocytes and occasionally mesothelial cells were observed. In 1 patient, plasmocytes were also found. Evident differences in cellularity and cell composition were noticed in dialysate obtained from different patients, especially in 2 patients with bacterial peritonitis there was a rise in cellularity with neutrophilia. Cytochemical (peroxidase, nonspecific esterase activity) and functional (phagocytosis, receptor expression) tests revealed that macrophages form a heterogeneous population of cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Dialysis for psoriasis - preliminary remarks concerning mode of action.

In one patient treated by peritoneal dialysis for psoriasis the skin lesions cleared completely. In two persons hemodialysis gave unsatisfactory results. In treated and another three untreated patients cellular immunity was evidently suppressed. This phenomenon is similar to the immunologic changes in persons with uremia. Solutes in middle molecular weight range (SMMWR) suppress cellular immunity. These compounds were therefore investigated in psoriatics. The level of SMMWR was lower before than after each dialysis, although their concentration increased slightly during the dialytic treatment. This suggests that solutes in middle molecular weight are fixed in the epidermis and/or in the walls of the skin capillaries and that dialysis liberates them from these places. Peritoneal dialysis seems to be a more effective method of treating psoriasis than hemodialysis. Solutes in middle molecular weight range might play an important role in the pathomechanisms of this multifactorial disease.

Humans↗