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Biomedical subjects

O Sato

Publications and source records attributed to O Sato.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Thoracic spinal stenosis: experience with seven cases.

The authors report seven cases of thoracic spinal stenosis caused by thickening of the laminar arch and facet joints. Claudication was a prominent clinical feature of this disorder. Motor and sensory abnormalities were found in all cases with either segmental or peripheral distribution. Diagnosis was best made from the computerized tomography scans. Treatment consisted of extensive posterior decompression including medial facetectomy, resulting in satisfactory improvement in five of the seven patients. A review of the literature regarding this disorder is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Renal protection in acute neurosurgical diseases--effect of a low dose dopamine with reference to acute renal failure and hypernatremia in patients with dehydration].

The authors reviewed the effect of low dose dopamine administration (1-5 micrograms/kg/min) in neurosurgical patients with acute renal failure (5 cases) or hypernatremia (7 cases) in whom cerebral dehydration therapy for intracranial hypertension was thought to be causative of these disorders. Cases with hypernatremia (serum sodium over 155 mEq/l) were considered in the stage of impending acute renal failure as in the majority of cases serum creatinine levels were mildly elevated while urinary sodium was markedly diminished. Associated with systemic hypovolemia, in cases with acute renal failure (with serum creatinine over 3.5 mg/dl and urinary output of less than 20 ml/hr for more than 4 hour duration) the urinary sodium levels were less than 20 mEq/l. In all the cases treated by low dose dopamine, urinary output and sodium increased within 6 hours and in the following 24 hours stabilized urinary output with its elevated sodium (some 100 mEq/l) was obtained. As the result, elevated urea-nitrogen or serum sodium was rather easily washed out and the patients were kept adequately hydrated afterwards. Any complications such as aggravation of cerebral edema or convulsive disorder were not associated with this regime. The authors, therefore, would emphasize that low dose dopamine administration resulting in sodium diuresis and increase in renal blood flow is a practical way of method in treating patients with hypernatremia or acute renal failure caused by hyperosmolar agent infusion in their acute stage.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

[Pseudocoarctation of the aorta associated with aortic arch aneurysm--a case report].

A twenty-nine-year old female was diagnosed as the associated aortic arch aneurysm 14 years after the initial diagnosis of the pseudocoarctation of the aorta. The aneurysm was asymptomatic and aortogram revealed that it was located just proximal to the pseudocoarctation. The aneurysmal wall was so thin that intraluminal blood stream could be visible easily during operation. Aneurysmectomy and Dacron graft implantation was successfully performed with temporary bypass procedure. In most of the cases, pseudocoarctation of the aorta has been reported to be a congenital entity without indication for any surgical intervention. However some cases in the literature were combined with formation of the aneurysm during the long term follow-up period. Careful observation must be needed for a case of pseudocoarctation of the aorta and the associated aneurysm should be treated surgically even if asymptomatic.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A case of multiple superficial temporal artery pseudoaneurysms following craniotomy].

A case of multiple superficial temporal artery (STA) pseudoaneurysms following craniotomy is reported and a review of the literature is made. The patient was a 17-year-old male who was hospitalized as he developed right hemiparesis 4 hours after golf ball injury to the left temporal region. He had been diagnosed as hemophilia A one year prior to the injury. CT scan showed right parietal intracranial hematoma with mass effect when he was submitted to emergency craniotomy. At surgery a linear scalp incision was made over the left temporal area after high factor VIII concentrates (con-VIII), 2,000 units, were administered. His postoperative course was uneventful and hemiparesis improved substantially, however two pulsatile masses along the incision scar over the scalp were noticed some 40 days after the hematoma removal. There was another pulsating mass in the left wrist where an arterial cannulation was made at the time of craniotomy. Selective angiograms showed two left STA pseudoaneurysms and left radial pseudoaneurysm was also demonstrated. The left STA was embolized with Gelfoam pieces through catheterization after administration of con-VIII, and the radial artery aneurysm was surgically resected. There was no evidence of recurrence of these lesions during the follow-up period of eight months. Among over 130 cases of STA pseudoaneurysms reported, there was no case with hemophilia and also no such a case described which developed after craniotomy on reviewing the literature. And it was proved that con-VIII has enabled a patient to tolerate embolization procedure through catheterization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Infantile acute subdural hematoma.

A retrospective analysis of the infantile acute subdural hematoma was made with special reference to its pathogenesis. In 11 of 15 cases, the hematomas were bilateral or a contralateral subdural fluid collection was present. In 7 of 11 patients who underwent operation the collection was bloody fluid and/or clotted blood. In 3 patients, a subdural membrane, as seen in adult chronic subdural hematoma, was found. In only 1 patient with unilateral hematoma was clotted blood present without subdural membrane. The thickest collection of clotted blood was in the parasagittal region. It is postulated that in most cases hemorrhage occurs after minor head injury, from the bridging veins near the superior sagittal sinus, into a pre-existing subdural fluid collection such as chronic subdural hematoma or subdural effusion with cranio-cerebral disproportion, and that infants without intracranial disproportion are unlikely to have acute subdural hematoma caused by minor head injury.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Dynamic changes of cerebrospinal fluid shunt flow in patient's daily life.

The shunt flow rate will be greatly influenced by the changing posture of the patient. A newly designed method of assessing shunt flow rate by isotope clearance is described and the results of phantom experiments and clinical data are presented. This method makes it possible to assess shunt flow rates in a variety of postures, such as recumbent, or head raised or as posture changes from recumbent to sitting and eventually to upright. As patients changed from the recumbent to the sitting position, shunt flow rates ceased in some cases. In cases with low flow rates in the recumbent position, shunt flow rate increased with any elevation of the upper half of the body. In many cases, flow rates increased as the patient's position changed from recumbent to sitting and then to the upright position. The results suggest that shunt flow rates vary substantially as postures alter in a patient's daily life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma.

The authors report a case of spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma in a 13-year-old boy who exhibited hematoma recurrence 3 years after the first incidence. A review of the literature indicates very few reports of the recurrence of spinal epidural hematoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Three cases of scalp arteriovenous malformations].

Three cases of scalp arteriovenous malformation (AVM) are presented and the pertinent literature is reviewed. Case 1 was a 50-year-old male who was admitted to hospital with a pulsatile mass involving the right parietal region. Selective angiography revealed a scalp AVM fed by bilateral superficial temporal and right occipital arteries. The AVM was embolized with Gelfoam pieces through catheterization and there was no evidence of recurrence of the lesion after follow-up period of three years. Case 2 was a 25-year-old male who was noticed to have a birth mark in the left occipito-parietal region and was hospitalized with a pulsatile gradually expanding mass after an episode of minor trauma in the same region. Selective angiography revealed a cirsoid type scalp AVM fed by bilateral superficial temporal and occipital arteries, and the authors performed a total resection of the mass because of selective Gelfoam embolization was not successful. Case 3 was a 49-year-old male who was hospitalized with the chief complaints of left tinnitus and pulsatile left supra-auricular mass. There was no history of trauma. Selective angiography revealed a scalp AVM fed by the left superficial temporal and occipital arteries and the authors performed a selective Gelfoam embolization and this was successful, but three months later, the AVM recurred and mainly fed by instead this was the left posterior auricular artery. Preoperative selective Gelfoam embolization followed by a total resection of the AMV with minimal blood loss.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical application of the central somatosensory conduction time (CCT)].

We tried to prove the usefulness of CCT as an index of cerebral functions. CCT, regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CT scan findings were studied in 213 neurological patients with CVD (66 cases), cerebral tumors (66 cases) and head traumas (81 cases). The technique of CCT recording was modified from that of Jones (1977) using CADWELL 5200 system. CCT was defined as the difference of the peak latency between N13 recorded at the C-7 vertebral electrode and N20 recorded at the somatosensory cortex. The control CCT in normal volunteers (N = 20) was 5.7 +/- 0.4 msec. RCBF was measured with 133 Xe intra carotid injection method of Lassen & Ingvar using gammacamera (DEC GAMM 11/34). CCT tended significantly to become more prolonged in affected hemisphere than in unaffected hemisphere of patients with three groups (CVD, tumor and trauma) (p less than 0.01). Forty percent reduction of control rCBF caused a prolongation of CCT over 7 msec. The degrees of CCT prolongations appeared to be proportional to the degree of rCBF diminution. Prolongation of CCT was remarkable in the side of low density area on CT scan. The prolongation of CCT were revealed in the patients before they did not manifest their neurological deficits especially in the disease of metastatic tumors and glioma. In the case of patients with trauma who we could follow to measure rCBF, CCT tended to become shorten as rCBF increased till normal range. CCT was not significantly prolonged in congenital hydrocephalus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Arteriovenous fistula following central venous catheterization.

We surgically obliterated arteriovenous fistulas in three cases that developed after subclavian catheterization. The first patient presented with heart failure two years after the catheterization, and the other two presented with asymptomatic continuous bruits. The intervals between the removal of the catheter and the appearance of the bruit were 1.5 years, three days, and two months. It took another six months for the appearance of heart failure in the first case. The feeder of the fistula was a branch of the subclavian artery in all cases. In previously reported cases, there was usually some interval between the removal of the catheter and detection of the fistula, and the feeder was much more commonly one of the branches of the subclavian artery than the subclavian artery itself.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A case of central pontine myelinolysis].

A case of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) following rapid correction of hyponatremia is reported and a review of the literature is made. The patient was a 63-year-old non-alcoholic female who had no liver or kidney diseases in her past history. She was found unconscious after a series of convulsions and was admitted to the hospital. Eighteen months prior to admission, she had a surgery for a ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm. Her postoperative course was uneventful except for an urinary incontinence and mild disorientation. She was initially lethargic with conjugate deviation toward right. Nine days after admission, she still remained lethargic, and laboratory studies showed a serum sodium value of 93 mEq/l, serum osmolarity 206 mOsm/l and urine osmolarity 270 mOsm/l when she was clinically diagnosed as having SIADH. She was treated by a strict elimination of water, and administration of sodium, dexamethasone and demeclocycline. In three days, serum sodium was corrected and returned to 137 mEq/l. However, she deteriorated in consciousness and became comatose and developed quadriplegia. CT scans and cerebral angiograms were normal. One month later, another CT scans demonstrated a well-defined hypodensity area in the pons. Brain stem auditory response (BSAR) showed a prolongation of III-V interpeak latency, especially IV-V interval. Her neurological state was essentially unchanged thereafter and she died of septic shock after 12 months' hospitalization. No permission for autopsy was obtained. The clinical course, CT scans and BSAR reported here are indicative of the diagnosis of CPM.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1985

Unusual craniocerebral penetrating injury by a chopstick.

The case of a 53-year-old man who attempted suicide by introducing a wooden chopstick through his nostril into his brain is reported. The importance of computed tomography is stressed in the diagnosis of intracranial wooden foreign bodies.

Brain Injuries↗