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Biomedical subjects

O Sasaki

Publications and source records attributed to O Sasaki.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Two cases of primary angiitis of the central nervous system with subarachnoid hemorrhage are reported. One patient was admitted with very thin and localized sulcal subarachnoid hemorrhage, followed by the development of multiple parenchymal edema. Although the first angiography showed only a mild narrowing of an artery, the second angiography demonstrated multiple segmental narrowings of arteries. An open biopsy failed to show histological changes. The second patient suffered from sylvian subarachnoid hemorrhage along with multiple intracerebral hemorrhages, with angiography that was diagnostic for angiitis. In both cases, predonine was initiated and further angiography clearly demonstrated a resolution of the angiitis. The usefulness of serial angiography for diagnosis in comparison with surgical biopsy and for monitoring the treatment of this disease is discussed. The occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage in this disease is also reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Fibrinolytic therapy for acute embolic stroke: intravenous, intracarotid, and intra-arterial local approaches.

To clarify the efficacy and limitations of the intra-arterial local infusion of a high-dose fibrinolytic agent for acute embolic stroke, we analyzed the results of 44 patients and compared them with those of 51 patients treated with intracarotid (18 patients) or intravenous (33 patients) infusion therapy. Ten megaunits of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator or 24 x 10(4) IU of urokinase were administered through a microcatheter placed into or proximal to an embolus for 20 minutes. When arterial recanalization was not achieved, a second or third infusion was performed. The rates of complete and partial recanalization just after the local infusion were 52 and 32%, respectively. They were high in middle cerebral and basilar artery occlusion and low in internal carotid artery occlusion (69, 78, and 20%, respectively). In our use, there was no difference between tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase in restoring blood flow. The mean time interval from onset to recanalization in patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion showing marked improvement was 4.8 hours, and it was 5.8 hours with basilar artery occlusion. The size of infarction was reduced, and the outcome was good in patients with complete recanalization achieved. The incidence of hemorrhagic infarction within 24 hours was 22%, and only one patient clinically deteriorated. In the intracarotid infusion group (20 x 10(4) IU of urokinase for 30 min), only two patients showed partial recanalization without clinical improvement. The incidence of hemorrhagic infarction was 28%. The outcome in this group and the intravenous infusion group (18 x 10(4) IU of urokinase a day for 1 wk) was poor compared with that in the local infusion group showing complete recanalization. This preliminary study appears to suggest that intra-arterial local fibrinolytic therapy could be a new strategy for acute embolic stroke.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Hemostasis in spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage.

To comprehensively examine changes in the hemostatic systems early after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to assess the relationships between those changes and neurological findings, computed tomographic findings, and clinical outcomes, we reviewed 167 patients who were admitted within 24 hours of the onset of SAH. Blood was taken from all of the patients at admission for detailed examinations of the hemostatic systems. The following results were obtained: 1) the levels of the thrombin-antithrombin complex (elevation indicating the activation fo the blood coagulation system), plasmin-antiplasmin complex, and D-dimer (elevation indicating the activation of the fibrinolytic system) significantly increased with the neurological severity, amount of subarachnoid clot, and severity of clinical outcome; 2) the levels of the thrombin-antithrombin complexes and plasmin-antiplasmin complexes were significantly higher in patients with intracerebral or intraventricular hematomas than in patients without those hematomas; 3) in each of almost all the neurological and computed tomographic grades, the levels of the thrombin-antithrombin complexes were significantly higher in the patients with poor outcomes than in those with good outcomes; 4) the poor outcome rate significantly increased with neurological severity and the amount of subarachnoid clot. These data suggest that the activation of the blood coagulation system as well as of the fibrinolytic system occurred early in the course of SAH and that these systems were activated to a greater extent with the severity of neurological grades, computed tomographic findings, and clinical outcome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aneurysm, Ruptured↗
PubMed1995

Subjective vertical and vestibular lesion.

Patients with peripheral vestibular disorders may experience postural instability in the standing position, which means disorientation in their environment. The disturbed vestibular function in light reflects the postural instability in space. The present study investigates the relationship between the subjective vertical and the vestibular lesion. The subjects were patients with unilateral vestibular lesion, and the control subjects had no past history of vestibular lesion or any present vestibular lesion. A straight line consisting of 5 spotlights projected on a dome-shaped screen was concentrically moved like a stylus by pressing buttons. We measured the subjective vertical of the subjects using a 5-spotlight straight-line (spotlight-line) on a dome-shaped screen in front of which the subjects were placed. The result showed that the patients with unilateral peripheral disorder had a statistically significantly larger deviation to the impaired ear side, especially when the spotlight-line was moved from the impaired side, as compared with controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Correlation of intratumor DNA ploidy distribution pattern and Ki-67 index in large bowel carcinomas].

Seventy cases of surgically resected specimens of large-bowel carcinomas were used. DNA ploidy was determined by flow cytometry for step-wise sections in each carcinoma. Intratumor DNA ploidy distribution pattern was classified into 5 types: Type A showing diploidy in all sections; Type B showing aneuploidy in all sections with the same DNA index (DI); Type C showing diploidy in the majority of the sections and aneuploidy in a part; Type D showing aneuploidy in the majority of the sections and diploidy in a part; and Type E showing aneuploidy in all sections with different DI in some parts. Ki-67 in cell nuclei was stained immunohistochemically for the 4 microns-thick paraffin section using MIB1 monoclonal antibody, and the Ki-67 index expressing the growth fraction was calculated. Ki-67-index (Mean +/- SD) of 4 cases in Type A showed 20.6 +/- 4.88, that of 16 cases in Type B showed 37.5 +/- 9.62, that of 2 cases in Type C showed 42.4 +/- 0.21; that of 26 cases in Type D showed 41.8 +/- 10.6 and that of 22 cases in Type E showed 41.7 +/- 8.58. Thus, the aneuploidy group (type B, C, D, E) revealed a significantly higher Ki-67 index than the diploidy group (Type A) (p < 0.01). In the predominantly diploidy group (Type A, C), the cases in Type C also revealed a significantly higher value than the cases in Type A (p < 0.01). Therefore, there seemed to be some difference in the Ki-67 index or proliferative activity of cancer cells in large-bowel carcinomas relating to the intratumor DNA ploidy distribution pattern.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

A new evaluation of vestibular compensation.

Vestibular compensation process in six patients was examined by means of static (SPG) and kinetic posturography (KPG). SPG was recorded by a stabilometer during standing and KPG was recorded by POLGON so that angular change of shoulder in the frontal plane was measured during stepping. The subjects included three cases with vestibular neuronitis, three cases with bilateral vestibular loss. In vestibular neuronitis, SPG improved earlier than KPG. As a result of vestibular training, initial high levels of SPG and KPG fall precipitously and in the case with sequela, a remarkably high level of KPG gradually decreased. In bilateral vestibular loss, abnormality of KPG tended to persist and those results would be due to the disappearance of a hip strategy. The effect of training upon the case which started from the early days was not shown. However, the case which started from 10 months after the onset showed remarkable improvement of SPG and KPG.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Multiple sclerosis presented acute hearing loss and vertigo.

A case of multiple sclerosis with acute deafness and dizziness as initial symptoms was reported. The pure-tone audiometry showed a high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss; in the auditory evoked brain stem response (ABR), the left side had a normal peak I with an absence of subsequent peaks. In the equilibrium test, Bruns' nystagmus was present, and the caloric test demonstrated CP on the left side. MRI disclosed a high-intensity lesion in the cerebellar peduncle (T2-weighted image). With steroid therapy, the deafness and dizziness improved within 10 days, although, after 20 days, the findings of the ABR and caloric test remained unchanged.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Serial changes in hemostasis after intracranial surgery.

We performed hemostatic studies on eight patients undergoing clipping of unruptured cerebral aneurysms to assess the influence of intracranial surgery itself on hemostasis. Blood samples were collected from each patient 10 times: before and after the induction of anesthesia and 6, 12, and 24 hours and 2, 3, 5, and 7 days immediately after surgery. The changes and our interpretation of them include the following: 1) the elevation of thrombin antithrombin III complex levels (activation of blood coagulation) was transient and monophasic; 2) the elevation of plasmin alpha 2-antiplasmin complex and D-dimer levels (activation of fibrinolysis) was biphasic, despite the monophasic elevation of tissue plasminogen activator or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels; 3) the elevation of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet-factor-4 levels (activation of platelet) was also biphasic; 4) fibrinogen level and alpha 2-antiplasmin activity increased in the acute phase of the postoperative course (acute phase reaction); 5) the changes in hematocrit appeared to parallel those in various other parameters, especially platelet count, antithrombin III, and plasminogen levels for 1 or 2 days after surgery; 6) fibronectin appeared to be consumed in the acute phase of postoperative course; and 7) general anesthesia did not significantly affect hemostasis. These serial changes seem to be related to the activation of hemostatic systems after intracranial surgery and the subsequent acute phase reaction.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1994

Liver dysfunction in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mild degrees of liver dysfunction and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) from the hemostatic standpoint. A detailed study of hemostatic systems was made in 462 patients with ICH. To compare ICH with the other cerebrovascular diseases, data from 120 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and 114 others with cerebral infarction were reviewed. At admission, the medical histories of the patients, including information about previous alcohol consumption, was taken, and blood samples were collected to perform the following studies: platelet count, fibrinogen level, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin III, plasminogen and alpha 2-antiplasmin activity, platelet aggregability, and liver function tests. The incidence of liver dysfunction and alcohol consumption in patients with ICH was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and in those with cerebral infarction. Hematoma volume, mortality rate, and past alcohol consumption in patients with ICH significantly increased with worsening severity of liver dysfunction. Although almost all hemostatic parameters became worse with increasing severity of liver dysfunction, they changed within the normal limits. Platelet aggregability and alpha 2-antiplasmin activity in patients with liver dysfunction were remarkably deteriorated beyond normal limits. In conclusion, liver dysfunction associated with alcohol consumption appears to be an important factor in the deterioration of the clinical status of patients with ICH and may be one of the causative factors in the development of ICH. Although mildly impaired hemostatic systems may be partially responsible for these adverse effects of liver dysfunction on ICH, it seems probable that nonhemostatic mechanisms are attributed to the effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Drug eruption caused by recombinant human G-CSF.

Two types of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) are available, and equally used for mitigation of neutropenia. One is a glycosylated natural product from mammalian cells, and the other a non-glycosylated form from Escherichia coli. Though only minimal adverse effects have been reported for both, we treated two patients with rhG-CSF-induced systemic eruption. Based on these patients, the following should be noted: 1) drug eruption may occur in both types of rhG-CSF without detectable antibodies, 2) intradermal test is useful for determination of the causal drug, and 3) if one rhG-CSF product causes eruption, the alternative one may possibly be safe and effective.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

Hematoma enlargement in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

In order to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of hematoma enlargement in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 419 cases of ICH were reviewed. The first computerized tomography (CT) scan was performed within 24 hours of onset and the second within 24 hours of admission; a blood sample was taken for laboratory examination within 1 hour of admission. In 60 patients (14.3%) the second CT scan showed an enlarged hematoma. The incidence of enlargement significantly decreased with time (p < 0.05) and significantly increased with the severity of liver dysfunction and the volume of the hematoma on the first CT scan. Patients with an irregularly shaped hematoma had a higher risk of hematoma growth than those with a round hematoma. In addition, patients with hematoma enlargement were more likely to have coagulation abnormalities (low platelet counts and low levels of fibrinogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin activity and platelet aggregation). Moreover, hematoma growth was associated with a poor clinical outcome. It is concluded that patients admitted to a hospital within 6 hours of onset of ICH, especially those admitted within 2 hours, and patients with liver dysfunction or irregularly shaped large hematomas should be closely observed for at least 6 hours after onset in preparation for emergency surgery, since the risk of hematoma growth in these circumstances is high.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Polyclonal B cell activation, endotoxin tolerance, and limulus tests of endotoxin preparations of some periodontopathogens.

Potencies of polyclonal B-cell activation in C3H/HeN mice of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis endotoxins were 0.36, 0.13 and 0.04, taking Salmonella abortusequi as 1.0. F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis endotoxins showed positive reactions in C3H/HeJ mice. Most activities in C3H/HeN other than that of F. nucleatum were suppressed by polymyxin B. In C3H/HeJ mice, similar inhibitions were only 60% for P. gingivalis and hardly observed with F. nucleatum. The resistances to polymyxin B could be due to protein in the endotoxins. A promoting effect of T cells added to B cells was observed only in the activity of F. nucleatum endotoxin in C3H/HeJ mice; there was no influence in other groups. Test endotoxins had nearly the same ability to produce colony stimulating factor as did references and could not produce the factor in tolerant mice. The clinical significance of tolerance is discussed. Regression lines of endotoxin doses and limulus activities of test endotoxins and Salmonella were parallel, either in specific or non-specific tests. The lines of two test groups were also parallel; values obtained by two tests were very close. These data indicate that the test endotoxins did not contain (1-3)-beta-D-glucan and elicited qualitatively similar limulus reactions to that of the reference, despite their different chemical natures. In conclusion, these test preparations had an endotoxicity similar to that of the reference and contribute to produce periodontitis through polyclonal B cell activation.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans↗
PubMed1994

[Comparison of DNA index using flow cytometry between primary tumor and its metastatic regional lymph node in human gastric carcinoma].

Flow cytometric determination of DNA ploidy was performed on paraffin-embedded specimens of primary tumor (Group A) and its metastatic lymph nodes (Group B) in 30 surgically resected cases, and the DNA index (DI) was compared between these two groups. In 25 of 30 cases (83.3%), all DI observed in Group B were also found in Group A; and in the remaining 5 cases, a series of DI not found in Group A were observed in group B. They were all poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, 4 of which exhibited serosal invasion and prominent lymphatic permeation in their wall. In 28 cases (93.3%), the modal DI value in the primary tumor was also found in their corresponding metastatic lymph node, the frequency of which revealed a statistically significant difference from 18 cases (60%) in terms of median DI value, and from 10 cases (33.3%) in terms of maximum DI value (p < 0.01). It was suggested that the modal DI value in the primary tumor could signify an important clone relating to lymph node metastasis. No significant DI difference was observed in comparison of a series of DI seen in n1(+) and n2(+) group of metastatic regional lymph nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Antigen dependent release of interleukin 5 in vitro from spleen cells of mice infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis.

The kinetics of eosinophil growth and/or survival stimulating factors (Eo-stimulating factors) released by spleen cells from A. cantonensis-infected mice were assessed by in vitro marrow cultures. When spleen cells from C57BL/6 mice 8 to 20 days p.i. were cultured with young adult A. cantonensis worm antigen or Con A, almost equal amounts of Eo-stimulating factors were detected in the conditioned media obtained from both stimulations. No Eo-stimulating factor activity was detected in cultures from spleen cells without stimulation or from normal spleen cells with stimulation. Production of Eo-stimulating factors was inhibited by the pretreatment of the spleen cells with anti-Thy1.2 or anti-L3T4 antibodies plus complement but not with anti-Lyt2.2 antibody. In the presence of anti-mouse IL-5 monoclonal antibody, the activity of Eo-stimulating factors was inhibited by up to 99%. IL-5, therefore, appears to play a principal role in induction of eosinophilia in mice infected with A. cantonensis.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis↗
PubMed1993

Vascular reconstruction of carotid artery invaded by extensive parotid gland carcinoma.

A 63-year-old male with the left parotid gland carcinoma was operated with the reconstruction of the left carotid artery after the left radical neck dissection. The greater saphenous vein was used for the vein graft between the left common carotid artery and the medial cerebral artery. Postoperatively, a temporary loss of consciousness and a half body paresis of the contralateral side occurred, but they were recovered completely in 12 hours. Postoperative angiography showed a good blood flow in the reconstructed vessel.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Ablation of eosinophils with anti-IL-5 antibody enhances the survival of intracranial worms of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the mouse.

Effects of depressed eosinophilia on the development of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the mouse were studied using monoclonal rat anti-mouse-interleukin-5 antibody (anti-IL-5). The administration of anti-IL-5 strongly depressed peripheral, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and medullary eosinophilic responses in mice infected with A. cantonensis, when compared with groups treated with phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) alone or isotype-matched rat IgG. There was no significant difference in A. cantonensis antigen specific IgG and IgE antibody responses between rat IgG treated and anti-IL-5 treated mice. Intracranial worm recovery in anti-IL-5 treated mice was consistently high throughout the course of the study and some worms migrated from the brain to the lungs. By contrast, almost all the intracranial worms in the mouse groups treated with PBS alone or rat IgG died before day 32. These data clearly indicate that IL-5 is essential for eosinophil responses in A. cantonensis infected mice and also that eosinophils serve as a potential effector cell in the killing of the intracranial worms in mice.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis↗
PubMed1993

Protection against bovine leukemia virus infection by use of inactivated vaccines in cattle.

The protective effects of vaccines made from the viral materials of LK15 cell line (LK15 vaccine) or bat lung cell line (Bat2cl1; Bat vaccine) infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) were examined in cattle. Twelve cattle were vaccinated twice at 4-week interval then challenged 4 weeks after the second inoculation. Nine cattle vaccinated with the LK15 vaccine produced antibody to BLV-specific glycoprotein (gp), and the titers ranged from 1:16 to 1:64 by the agar gel immunodiffusion test. Four cattle challenged with 100 microliters (70 to 100 syncytia) of cow blood persistently infected with BLV were protected from infection. However, of the remaining 5 cattle challenged with 500 microliters of infected blood, only 2 were protected. Of the three cattle vaccinated with the Bat vaccine, gp antibody titers ranged from 1:8 to 1:64. Two of them were protected against the challenge with 100 microliters of infected blood. Two cattle protected against the challenge were rechallenged 32 weeks after the first vaccination and not protected. On the other hand, 2 animals protected against the challenge were revaccinated with the LK15 vaccine 32 weeks after the first vaccination. They protected against rechallenge. The results show that all cattle which had gp antibody titers of 1:16 or above were protective against challenge with 100 microliters of the infected blood.

Animals↗