Biomedical subjects

O Peltola

Publications and source records attributed to O Peltola.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Generation of reference values for cardiac enzymes from hospital admission laboratory data.

An approach is described for using patient databases of a hospital information system as a source of reference values for cardiac enzymes. Of a total of 2029 emergency admission patients with serial cardiac enzyme data, 538 patients were considered "healthy" (having no damage in myocardium) because their discharge diagnoses suggested neither myocardial damage nor any other condition that could lead to elevated enzyme activities, and because their serially collected cardiac enzyme activities remained stable. Enzyme activities of creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.28), and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 of these patients at admission to hospital were considered as suitable health related reference values. The upper (97.5%) reference limits of activities, measured at 37 degrees C according to Scandinavian recommendations, were as follows (age dependent limits given at 25 and at 75 years of age, U/l): creatine kinase men 268, 192; creatine kinase women 200 (no age effect); creatine kinase-MB 16, 24; lactate dehydrogenase 497, 603; lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 103, 140. For comparison, reference values were also produced conventionally from a group of 246 healthy subjects. Observed effects of age on enzyme activities were quite similar to those in the selected patient group. Calculated reference limits for isoenzymes creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 were also similar but reference limits for less cardiospecific total enzyme activities, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, were more variable between these two groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Synovial-fluid D-lactic acid in bacterial and other acute joint effusions.

The use of D-lactic acid in differential diagnosis of bacterial arthritis was evaluated in a prospective study. The concentration of D-lactic acid was determined by the enzymatic UV-method in sixty-eight synovial fluids (SF) and in twenty four sera from adult patients with acute knee effusion. High concentrations of D-lactic acid (> 0.15 mmol/l) were measured most frequently in SF from bacterial arthritis, but also in individual culture-negative SF samples from patients with inflammatory culture-negative joint effusions with and without identified history of infections. Determination of SF D-lactic acid is not useful in differential diagnosis of bacterial arthritis.

Arthritis, Infectious↗

PubMed1993

Method for determining reference changes from patients' serial data: example of cardiac enzymes.

Changes between serial laboratory test results can be significant, even if none of the individual results exceeds the reference interval. We developed a statistical method for the calculation of reference change limits from routine patients' data for situations in which the majority of the patients can be considered suitable reference subjects. The method was applied to cardiac enzyme data [creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-2), lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.28), and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 (LD-1)] from 2029 consecutive patients. We used hospital discharge diagnoses to exclude patients with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction or myocarditis, but we also studied the characteristics of the method on unselected patients' data. The reference change limits derived from the diagnosis-selected patient group were as follows (U/L, activity measurements in serum at 37 degrees C according to Scandinavian recommendations): CK from -39 to 27, CK-2 from -8 to 7, LD from -86 to 85, and LD-1 from -19 to 15. Similar limits were obtained by conventional statistical methods from a group of 29 hospitalized patients with no myocardial symptoms. Our results suggest that it is possible to produce clinically applicable reference change limits from routine data.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Plasma fibronectin concentrations in blood products.

Plasma fibronectin is an important opsonic protein of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). In this study, plasma fibronectin concentrations were measured in stored and fresh whole blood, fresh frozen plasma and AGH cryoprecipitate. Stored whole blood had the lowest concentrations (151 +/- 50 mg/l). The concentrations in fresh whole blood plasma (227 +/- 66 mg/l) and fresh frozen plasma (224 +/- 78 mg/l) were similar but significantly higher than in stored whole blood (p less than 0.05). In contrast, AHG cryoprecipitate had the highest fibronectin concentrations (3249 +/- 502 mg/l) (p less than 0.001). In correcting fibronectin deficiency the best results can thus be expected from an infusion of cryoprecipitate, but fresh whole blood and fresh frozen plasma may also increase depressed fibronectin levels.

Blood Transfusion↗

PubMed1990

Effects of different plasma substitutes on plasma fibronectin concentrations in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

Plasma fibronectin is important for host defences as an opsonin of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). The effects of three types of plasma substitutes, crystalloid, gelatin and dextran solutions, on plasma fibronectin levels were studied in patients undergoing abdominal surgery in relation to serum total protein and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Plasma fibronectin levels decreased during induction of anaesthesia and infusion of an electrolyte solution before infusion of the plasma substitute, and they were further decreased during operation after infusion of plasma substitutes and remained depressed on the first postoperative day in all study groups (P less than 0.05-0.01). In the crystalloid and dextran groups, plasma fibronectin levels exceeded preoperative levels by the 4th-5th postoperative day (P less than 0.05-0.01), but in the gelatin solution group they remained depressed (P less than 0.01). Serum total protein levels remained lower than preoperative values throughout the study period (P less than 0.05-0.01), whereas CRP levels were many times higher on days 1 and 4-5 postoperatively in all groups (P less than 0.01).

Abdomen↗

PubMed1988

Changes in granulocyte chemiluminescence and plasma fibronectin concentrations following major blunt trauma.

Chemiluminescence activity of granulocytes in phagocytosis of zymosan and Escherichia coli and their responses to chemoattractant N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) were evaluated in 13 major blunt trauma patients (Injury Severity Score 31 +/- 6) and their plasma fibronectin concentrations were measured. Chemiluminescence responses to zymosan and E. coli were at control levels immediately after injury and a week thereafter, but responses to FMLP were increased compared to the controls (p less than 0.05). Plasma fibronectin concentrations were depressed on the day after trauma (p less than 0.001) but increased to control values over 1 week. The changes had no correlation with the patients' recovery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Interpretation of oral glucose tolerance test: capillary-venous difference in blood glucose and the effect of analytical method.

Factors affecting the evaluation of oral glucose tolerance (OGT) test have been studied. The test was performed on 95 women pregnant at 30-32 weeks of gestation and to 112 control subjects (68 female and 44 male). Pregnant and non-pregnant subjects were further divided into two subgroups according to normal or abnormal response in glucose tolerance test. Venous (vB) and capillary (cB) blood specimens were collected simultaneously for blood glucose determinations. In one series the o-toluidine method and in another the enzymatic glucose dehydrogenase method were used. Inter-relations of capillary and venous blood glucose levels were examined with respect to gestation, glucose tolerance and analytical method. Mean venous blood glucose was higher than capillary blood glucose in fasting blood (0-sample) for all subjects, when o-toluidine (o-tol) method was used, but with glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) no significant capillary-venous difference was seen. At blood glucose concentrations after glucose intake (1 and 2 h) mean capillary glucose was higher in all subgroups when measured by GDH, but by o-tol method only in the non-pregnant subjects with normal OGT response. In pregnant subjects with normal or abnormal OGT response, and in non-pregnant ones with abnormal response, mean venous glucose was higher or of the same order as capillary glucose. These findings emphasize the need of standardization of the sampling procedures and of the analytical methods used for measurement of blood glucose concentration as well as demonstrate the possibilities of misinterpretation of OGT test results.

Blood Glucose↗

PubMed1980

Marked decrease in serum HDL cholesterol level during acute myocardial infarction.

The concentrations of serum total and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were determined in 57 patients during the course of AMI. In seven days the concentration of serum cholesterol decreased by 24% and that of HDL cholesterol by 31%. The mean HDL/total cholesterol ratio decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) from 0.163 to 0.145. The magnitude of the change in both HDL and total cholesterol showed a positive correlation with infarction size. The concentration of triglycerides decreased in seven days on the average by 31% but there was great individual variation, which was not dependent on infarction size. Four months after infarction both HDL and total cholesterol as well as triglyceride concentrations had returned to the initial levels. There was a significant negative correlation between the concentrations of HDL cholesterol and triglycerides on admission (r = -0.66) and after four months (r = -0.53) but no correlation after seven days. The results indicate that the determination of serum lipids, including HDL cholesterol, in patients with AMI can, and should be performed on admission to hospital and not at the time of discharge, in order to get reliable estimates of these cardiovascular risk factors.

Cholesterol↗

PubMed1978

Gold serum levels in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Serum gold levels were monitored in 66 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, treated with different i.m. dosage schedules of sodium aurothiomalate (Myocrisin, Pharma Rhodia). The ages of the children varied from 1 to 15 years. Gold serum levels in children were related to the dose of Myocrisin calculated per kg of body weight or per square metre of body surface area. The results of our study indicate that in order to achieve a peak serum level at about 500--600 microgram/100 ml (25--30 micromol/l) with weekly injections, the dose of Myocrisin should be about 0.7 mg/kg, or 20 mg/m2. In order to avoid excessively high gold serum concentrations, the maximum single dose should not exceed 27 mg/m2 of body surface area.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1974