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Biomedical subjects

O O Akinyemi

Publications and source records attributed to O O Akinyemi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Metabolic response to anaesthesia and prostatectomy in Nigerians. Changes in plasma cortisol and blood sugar.

In ten Nigerian patients undergoing prostatectomy, plasma cortisol was slightly decreased by pre-medication with atropine and pethidine and during general anaesthesia without surgery. This decrease was not statistically significant. There was, however, a statistically significant increase in plasma cortisol after 1 h of surgery and also in the post-operative period. The blood sugar was elevated by pre-medication and surgery though the rise was not significant. There was a significant rise of blood sugar after 30 min of surgery and in the post-operative period. These findings in general are similar to those observed in ten Nigerian patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery, although the rise in plasma cortisol was higher following upper abdominal surgery, and the rise in blood sugar higher following lower abdominal surgery.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1982

Metabolic response to anaesthesia and lower abdominal surgery in Nigerians. Changes in plasma cortisol and blood sugar.

In ten Nigerian patients undergoing prostatectomy, plasma cortisol was slightly decreased by pre-medication with atropine and pethidine and during general anaesthesia without surgery. This decrease was not statistically significant. There was, however, a statistically significant increase in plasma cortisol after 1 h of surgery and also in the post-operative period. The blood sugar was elevated by pre-medication and surgery though the rise was not significant. There was a significant rise of blood sugar after 30 min of surgery and in the post-operative period. These findings in general are similar to those observed in ten Nigerian patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery, although the rise in plasma cortisol was higher following upper abdominal surgery, and the rise in blood sugar higher following lower abdominal surgery.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1981

Difficult laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation due to calcified stylohyoid ligaments.

Two cases of difficult laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation caused by calcified stylohyoid ligaments are presented. Neither patient exhibited a skin crease over the hyoid bone. It is suggested that inability to lift up the epiglottis from the posterior pharyngeal wall be taken as a more useful sign of this condition than the presence of the skin crease.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pre-operative blood volume in surgical cancer patients.

In order to aid intra-operative management, blood volume was measured in eighteen pre-operative surgical patients who had clinical and/or radiological diagnosis of various forms of malignancy, using the 'Volemetron' and radio-iodinated human serum albumin (RIHSA). After correction for F-cell ratio, the plasma volume and red cell volume were derived. In both sexes, the mean values of total blood volume, plasma volume and red cell volume were not significantly different from those of non-cancer patients. But mean values/kg. body weight in males were significantly higher than their non-cancer counterparts. The total blood volume/kg. in each cancer-patient who had lost weight was higher than the mean value/kg. in the non-cancer patients in both sexes. From this study, there appears to be a trend for patients with malignancy to have higher blood volumes than patients without; this difference reaches significant level if weight loss has occurred. Replacement of blood loss during surgery should probably err on the generous side in such patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The choice of anaesthesia as a career by undergraduates in a developing country.

The choice of anaesthesia as a future career by 54 undergraduates of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria was studied. None of the students selected anaesthesia as first choice; the specialty ranked sixth. The short duration of exposure to anaesthesia, insufficient participation in practical anaesthesia during their posting and inadequate provision of teaching aids were considered by the students to require improvement. The authors also suggest early introduction of anaesthesia in their curriculum.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed1980

Ketamine for minor gynecologic surgery.

Lorazepam, a benzodiazepine derivative, is a hypnotic useful for premedication. Four milligrams given orally, intramuscularly or intravenously, is more effective than many other agents, including diazepam, in attenuating the psychic sequelae of ketamine administration. This study compares the efficacy of intravenous administration of 2 mg of lorazepam with that of 10 mg of diazepam. The results reveal that the lower dose of lorazepam is superior to 10 mg of diazepam in taming ketamine sequelae. Therefore, lorazepam is suggested for use instead of the higher dose of diazepam.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Open pulmonary valvotomy: report of the first successful open heart surgery at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Although cardiac surgery has become the standard procedure for management of intracardiac and extracardiac defects in developed countries, it is still relatively new in Africa. This report describes our first successful open heart surgery on a 16-year-old Nigerian boy who underwent open pulmonary valvotomy under cardiopulmonary bypass for congenital pulmonary stenosis at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, on September 18, 1979.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Complications of guided blind endotracheal intubation.

The complications observed in twelve patients undergoing guided blind nasotracheal intubation are presented. The commonest was minor bleeding, followed by difficulty in hooking the cannula out of the nostril. These complications are minor enough to justify the more frequent use of the technique in patients with intubation problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Ameloblastic sarcoma of the mandible: report of case.

A case of ameloblastic sarcoma of the mandible in a 19-year-old man is presented. Pain, paresthesia, and rapidity of growth were features of the lesion. Successful excision was followed by death from secondary hemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Developing world. Patients' choice of anaesthetic techniques in a developing country.

A study of the choice between general and local anaesthetic techniques among 200 post-operative Nigerian patients was conducted, using a questionnaire. The patients were interviewed between two and seven days after various types of surgery. Most of the patients (59.5%) preferred general anaesthesia. The commonest reason was fear with psychological upset if they are awake during surgery. This appears to be a basic human feeling which does not appear to be related to sophistication or level of development. Adequate pre-operative communication between doctors and patients should minimise this apprehension. 18% preferred local anaesthetic techniques while 21.5% would not mind either.

Anesthesia, General↗