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Biomedical subjects

O Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to O Nishida.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Xenon enhanced dynamic computed tomography of the lung; regional ventilation measurement].

CT-functional images (CT-FI's) were created from Xe-dynamic CT data of 10 patients with chronic pulmonary emphysema and 6 volunteers with normal lung. In CT-FI's of normal lungs, the values of washin and washout parameter of outer zone were larger than those of inner zone. In CT-FI's of chronic pulmonary emphysema, the values of washin parameter of inner zone were larger than those of outer zone and the value of washout parameter of outer zone were larger than those of inner zone. CT-FI's proved to helpful in evaluating the axial distribution of ventilation dynamics in chronic pulmonary emphysema.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

Quantitative measurement of abdominal arterial blood flow using image-directed Doppler ultrasonography: superior mesenteric, splenic, and common hepatic arterial blood flow in normal adults.

To measure volume blood flow quantitatively in human abdominal arteries, we used an ultrasonic image-directed Doppler system and electromagnetic flowmeter to first measure volume flow in canine arteries. In dogs, there was a strong linear correlation (R = 0.98) between the product of the time average of the maximum blood flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area and the volume blood flow measured by an electromagnetic flowmeter. These results enabled measurement of volume blood flow in the human superior mesenteric (SMA), splenic (SPA), and common hepatic (CHA) arteries from the abdominal wall. Comparison of pulsatility index values indicated a larger vascular resistance in the SMA than in the SPA or CHA.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the relationship between esophageal varices and azygos vein using percutaneous transhepatic cine-portography].

To evaluate the relationship between esophageal varices and the azygos vein--which is generally considered to drain the major part of the esophageal variceal blood--we examined 36 patients with portal hypertension using percutaneous transhepatic cine-portography. The patients were classified into three groups (azygos, cervical and combined) according to the amount of blood to be considered drained by the azygos vein. Eighteen patients (50%) fell into the azygos type group, five (14%) into the cervical, and 13 (36%) into the combined. Highly developed esophageal varices were recognized endoscopically in all patients in the combined and cervical type groups while some of the patients in the azygos type group had less well developed varices. In the azygos type group, there was a tendency for the varices to be increasingly severe the higher the part of the azygos vein they drained into. Because it helps us to fully comprehend the significance of the azygos venous blood flow and the occasionally uncertain effect of endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices, it is important to evaluate the drainage route of esophageal varices in vivo and in detail. Percutaneous transhepatic cine-portography is the useful method for this purpose as it enables us to visualize even the most minute blood stream.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of CA-50 in cases with colorectal cancer].

Serum CA-50 has been evaluated in 67 healthy donors and in 46 patients with a colorectal cancer by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA Kit, Mitsui pharmaceuticals, Inc.). The mean value of the healthy donors (n = 67) was 10.6 +/- 6.1 U/ml and for patients with a colorectal cancer 31.7 +/- 55.2 U/ml. Both in healthy donors and in patients, the mean value was found to be higher in females than males. The overall sensitivity in the colorectal cancer patients was 26.1 percent, the percentages for those in stage I, 20, II, 9.1, III, 40, IV, 20, and V, 50% respectively. In a correlation between serum CA-50 and CA 19-9, the correlation coefficient was 0.82 (p less than 0.01), and in between CA-50 and CEA, 0.51 (p less than 0.01). Thus a combination assay among CA-50, CA 19-9, and CEA has proved to be of significant value in cases of a colorectal cancer.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of hepatofugal flow in portal venous system using ultrasonic Doppler duplex system.

Blood flow directions of the portal trunk, splenic vein, and superior mesenteric vein were studied using an ultrasonic Doppler duplex system in 146 healthy adults, 132 patients with liver cirrhosis, 76 with hepatocellular carcinoma, 32 with idiopathic portal hypertension, 134 with chronic hepatitis, 18 with acute hepatitis, and 142 with other diseases. Spontaneous hepatofugal flow in one or more of the three vessels examined was detected in 14 patients. Spontaneous hepatofugal flow in the portal trunk was detected in three patients with liver cirrhosis. In two of these three patients, the hepatofugal flow in the portal trunk disappeared after medication. This is interesting, since hepatofugal flow may, in fact, be more common than we suspected in patients who, because of the severity of their disease, are not able to undergo invasive examination. Postoperative hepatofugal flow in the portal system was detected in 20 of 71 cases: 15/17 patients after interposition mesocaval shunting, 2/17 after distal splenorenal shunting, 2/31 after splenectomy, and 1/6 after splenic artery occlusion with steel coils. In more than half the cases of interposition mesocaval shunting (9/17 patients), blood flow in the portal trunk was hepatofugal. However, hepatopetal blood flow in the portal trunk was maintained in most cases of distal splenorenal shunting (13/17), showing the merits of this technique as a selective portosystemic shunt operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of chemotherapy by the transarterial catheter with reservoir against malignant lymphoma of the colon].

We had a case of malignant lymphoma of the colon with two lesions, one in the transverse colon and the other in the ascending colon. The tumor of the transverse colon was resected, but that of the ascending colon was unresectable. Chemotherapy was performed through the catheter with reservoir via the iliac artery into the right colic artery. Three months later, the tumor disappeared completely, and the ascending colon was resected. On histopathological examination, there was no lymphoma cell in the ascending colon. Chemotherapy by a transarterial catheter with reservoir is a new method of treatment against malignant lymphoma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical evaluation of a combination assay of CEA, CA-19-9 and TPA in patients with colorectal cancer].

The effectiveness of serum CEA (56 cases), CA-19-9 (53 cases) and TPA (48 cases) in patients with colorectal cancer has been evaluated. The preoperative sensitivity and specificity of CEA and CA 19-9 were found to be almost the same in level but the level of TPA was low. In 20 cases recurrent, the sensitivity of the marker was 66.7% in the liver, 60% in the lung, and 66.7% in the local recurrence of primary foci. In these recurrent cases, serum CEA in initially elevated to 65%, CA 19-9 to 25%, and TPA to only 10%. In diagnostic rate imaging or in our clinical findings, however, the frequency was almost the same as tumor markers.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1988

A case of liver cirrhosis with large portacaval shunt from the superior mesenteric vein: normalization of reversed portal blood flow with medical treatment.

A case of liver cirrhosis with large portacaval shunt from the superior mesenteric vein is reported. The portal blood flow was diagnosed as reversed on admission, but normalized with treatment. Blood flow was measured noninvasively and repeatedly using an ultrasonic Doppler duplex system. The reversed portal flow led to the superior mesenteric vein, right (and some left) internal inguinal vein, and inferior vena cava. This rare collateral pathway was clearly demonstrated by percutaneous transhepatic portalgraphy. A link between shunt and an appendectomy carried out 22 yr ago is considered, and the possibility of the temporarily reversed portal blood flow on admission being due to deteriorated hepatic hemodynamic conditions is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

The effect of hepatic artery ligation for irresectable cavernous hemangioma of the liver.

During the past 19 years, 52 cases of hepatic cavernous hemangioma have been treated at our institution. Thirty patients underwent hepatic resection. In six patients, the extensive tumor mass invaded multiple segments or both lobes of the liver and complete resection was deemed hazardous. Therefore, hepatic artery ligation was carried out. In all six cases the hemangioma occupied more than two segments. Right hepatic artery ligation was done in five patients and left hepatic artery ligation in one. All are doing well without complication. The longest follow-up is 19 years and the shortest 2 years and 2 months following operation. Four patients have been followed for more than 4 years and in all patients there are no residual complaints. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed the reduction of the tumor size after arterial ligation. One patient suffered from cholecystolithiasis 9 years after hepatic artery ligation, and at the time of cholecystectomy, a biopsy and microscopic examination of the lesion revealed evidence of fibrotic degeneration of the hemangioma. These findings indicate the effectiveness of hepatic artery ligation for treatment of hepatic cavernous hemangioma that are judged hazardous to resect.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Immunoglobulin-producing cells in secretory immune system in patients with selective IgA deficiency.

This study evaluated the class distribution and J chain-positivity of immunoglobulin-producing cells (Ig-PCs) in gastrointestinal mucosa and salivary glands of Japanese patients with selective IgA deficiency. The proportional patterns of gland-associated Ig-PCs showed an increase in not only IgM cells but also IgG cells, most of which were J chain-positive. This may represent a maturation arrest at B cell differentiation, rather than a compensatory phenomenon. No patients showed an increase of IgD cells in salivary glands. This behavior of IgD cells in Japanese patients may reflect associated diseases or ethnic difference in B cell differentiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Transport defect of IgM into luminal space in selective IgA deficiency.

This study explored the pathogenesis of a transport defect of IgM into the lumen in a patient with selective IgA deficiency. In addition to the absence of IgM in the saliva, no IgM was localized on the luminal surface of colonic mucosa from the patient despite the presence of J chain-positive IgM cells. On tissue sections, IgM cells did not bind secretory component. The serum IgM also showed a negligible capacity to bind secretory component in vitro. Such abnormalities of IgM molecules as stated above seem to be clinicopathologically linked with IgA deficiency or its associated Sjögren's syndrome.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1987

Ultrasonic Doppler duplex study of hemodynamic changes from portosystemic shunt operation.

The portal hemodynamics were studied in ten patients with portal hypertension, including three patients who had interposition mesocaval shunt (IMCS), three patients who had distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS), one patient who had gastrocaval shunt (GCS), and three patients who had splenectomy. Portal blood flow was measured by an ultrasonic Doppler duplex system, and portal venous pressure was measured by portal catheterization before, during, and after operation. The portal blood flow, and especially the splenic venous blood flow, was less during operation than before operation. Blood flow through the IMCS was greater than that through the DSRS, and the shunt flow had a tendency to increase after operation. The portal venous pressure measured during operation was slightly higher than that measured percutaneously before operation. In the patients who had the shunt operation, the portal venous pressure tended to decrease after operation. Study of portal hemodynamics, especially with the ultrasonic Doppler method, is useful in analysis and follow-up of patients who have shunt operations since the same method can be used before, during, and after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hemodynamic analysis of postsplenectomy portal thrombosis using ultrasonic Doppler duplex system.

Using an ultrasonic Doppler duplex system, we investigated the portal hemodynamics of two patients with portal thrombosis after splenectomy and esophageal transection for portal hypertension accompanied by liver cirrhosis. In both cases, the preoperative blood flow volumes of the splenic and portal veins were especially high, but were markedly lower--even than normal--after the operation. However, the results of pre- and postoperative peripheral platelet counts and coagulation function tests did not differ remarkably. The dramatic change in portal hemodynamics caused by the splenectomy was thought to be the main factor in the formation of the portal thrombi.

Follow-Up Studies↗