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Biomedical subjects

O Meyer

Publications and source records attributed to O Meyer.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Immunoblotting profiles in 55 systemic lupus erythematosus sera lacking precipitating antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens.

Serum samples from 55 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were selected for the absence of anti-extractable nuclear antigen antibodies after routine immunodiffusion tests. These sera were immunoblotted for anti-Sm and anti-RNP antibodies on a HeLa cell nuclear extract. Ten (18%) were negative and 45 (82%) produced complex patterns: 10 (18%) suggestive of anti-Sm, three (5%) anti-RNP, and 32 (58%) a combination of anti-Sm and anti-RNP antibodies. These data were very similar to those obtained from sera from a control group of 28 SLE sera selected for positivity of anti-Sm and anti-RNP precipitins with the immunodiffusion test. IgM isotype antibodies to the D peptide were significantly more prevalent than IgG isotype antibodies, whereas antibodies to the 68 kD polypeptide were of both IgM and IgG isotypes. Sera with an anti-Sm/RNP immunoblotting pattern stemmed from a group of patients with SLE with a higher titre of anti-dsDNA antibodies. Among clinical symptoms, the incidence of haemolytic anaemia was higher in the group of patients with the anti-Sm immunoblotting profile. Patients with an anti-RNP immunoblotting profile showed a higher incidence of cutaneous symptoms. It is concluded that immunoblotting for anti-Sm or anti-RNP antibody determination is a very sensitive diagnostic tool in patients with SLE.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Antinuclear and anticytoplasmic antibodies in 24 cases of dermatomyositis. Value of western blotting].

Antinuclear and anticytoplasmic antibodies were detected, using 4 methods, in 96% of the sera (23/24) from 24 dermato- or polymyositis patients, who were followed in the Rheumatology Department. Immunofluorescent (IF) labeling of Hep-2 cell smears was more sensitive than IF staining of liver sections (72 vs 67%), and the patterns observed were in agreement 20/24 times. Gelose precipitation is even less sensitive (29%), but enables a characterization of the antigens recognized: 3 anti-RNP, 3 anti-J01, 1 anti-PMScl, 1 anti-SSB and 1 anti-Ro; the latter two specificities were associated with a sicca syndrome. Western-blotting was the most informative method because it was highly sensitive (79%) and identified the principle antigen-antibody systems: anti-U1-RNP (33%) and anti-Scl70 (33%), both associated with myositis with an overlap syndrome (p less than 0.02); anti-J01 (25%) associated with various forms of myositis; and, more rarely, anti-SSB and anti-Ro (both 4%) when a sicca syndrome was present. Finally, non-identified specificities were observed in 37% of the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Symptomatic and prognostic differences according to ethnic group in systemic lupus erythematosus. A controlled study of 3 populations].

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been found in all ethnic groups, but some of these groups--notably the black populations of the United States--seem to develop severe forms of the disease. We compared the signs and course of SLE in 20 black patients from the French West Indies, 20 patients of North African origin and 40 European Caucasians. At the onset of the disease, most of the West Indian and North African patients were living in France, and their social level was similar to that of the European patients. On the whole, our study confirmed that SLE is particularly severe in black populations. This severity is primarily due to renal involvement: 7 of the 13 renal biopsies we performed showed diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. In North African patients the severity of SLE was intermediate between that observed in West Indians and in European Caucasians. Five out of our 40 West Indian and North African patients died, as against only one female patient among the 40 European Caucasians. These differences seem to be ascribable to genetic factors rather than to environmental factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Teratogenicity and in vitro mutagenicity studies on nonoxynol-9 and -30.

Polyoxyethylene alkylphenols (PA) are a group of non-ionic surfactants with a widespread use. As part of the safety evaluation of PA a teratology study with nonoxynol-9 and -30 (NP-9 and NP-30) administered perorally and epicutaneously to rats was performed. In addition the mutagenicity of NP-9 was tested in the Ames test. Treatment of pregnant rats with NP-30 (up to 1 g/kg b.wt./day, orally) did not reveal any signs of adverse effects. Pregnant rats given 250 mg or 500 mg NP-9/kg b.wt./day orally exhibited a statistically significant decrease in weight gain. A concomitant effect in these dams on reproduction, and an increase in the incidence of extra ribs and dilated pelvic cavity in their foetuses was interpreted as a consequence of a toxic effect of high doses of NP-9. No clear cut effect was observed when pregnant rats were dosed epicutaneously with up to 500 mg of NP-9/kg b.wt./day. A slight but persistent response in one tester strain in the Ames test was not interpreted as a clear mutagenic effect of NP-9.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Lupus disease with antinuclear antibodies of the nucleolar type. Apropos of a series of 13 cases].

An exclusive or predominant nucleolar location of antinuclear antibodies is rare in the course of lupus disease: less than 1 p. cent of our patients. Thirteen cases of lupus disease with exclusive or predominant antinucleolar antibodies are analyzed: clinically, the only difference from other lupus diseases is the absence of pleurisy (p less than 0.03) and the frequent thrombopenia (p = 0.05). A proliferative glomerular lesion was found 4 times on renal biopsy. No patient presented any indications of overlapping sign with sclerodermia, polymyositis or Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome which are usually associated to a nuclear fluorescence of nucleolar type. 11 out of 13 patients have natural anti-DNA antibodies, including 9 with a very weak titer. Six patients present cytoplasmic anti-organic antibodies. Four patients have antibodies which precipitates on gelose, identifying nuclear or cytoplasmic antibodies: in 1 instance anti-SS-B et SS-A (Ro), in 1 instance anti-ribosomes associated with anti-ADN, in one instance anti-DNA. No serum contained anti-histones antibodies. The study of the sensitivity of nucleolar antigens to digestion by various enzymes (DNAse, RNAse and trypsin) showed that antinucleolar sera could be placed into three groups: 8/10 recognize a ribonucleic antigen, 1/10 a ribonucleoproteic antigen and 1/10 an antigen resisting to various enzymatic digestions. Therefore, in spite of its rarity, an exclusively nucleolar fluorescence should not rule out the diagnosis of lupus disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Structural elements of bactopterin from Pseudomonas carboxydoflava carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.

Bactopterin is a novel pterin occurring in bacterial molybdoenzymes as the organic portion of the molybdenum cofactor. Its structure is investigated here. The compound contains a single pterin ring and carries a side chain at carbon atom 6 of the pterin nucleus as indicated by the formation of pterin-6-carboxylic acid upon alkaline permanganate oxidation. Studies with phosphate-cleaving enzymes revealed the presence of two monophosphoric acid monoesters. The affinity of reduced bactopterin for thiol-Sepharose points to the presence of thiol(s) in active bactopterin.

Aldehyde Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1987

[The principle antinuclear and anti-cytoplasmic antibodies in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Study of 42 cases].

Using indirect immunofluorescence methods on rat liver sections and HEp-2 cells, combined with immunoprecipitation in agar, we were able to detect antinuclear antibodies in 76% of sera from 42 patients with polymyositis or dermatomyositis. In addition, 7% of the patients had anti-cytoplasmic antibodies without antinuclear antibodies. With immunofluorescence, the most common pattern was a nuclear fluorescence that was homogeneous on rat liver sections (11 cases) and speckled on HEp-2 smears (16 cases). The frequency of antinuclear antibodies was the same in the different categories of myositis as classified by Pearson. Precipitating antibodies were observed in 15 cases (36%). Two specific antibodies were frequently encountered: anti-Jo1 in 8 cases (19%) and anti-Pm-Scl in 5 cases (12%). Anti-Jo1 antibodies were present in both polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Seven out of the 8 patients with anti-Jo1 antibodies had pulmonary fibrosis (P less than 0.03).

Antibodies↗
PubMed1987

Profile and cross-reactivities of antiphospholipid antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus and syphilis.

Antiphospholipid antibodies have been determined in two groups of 48 sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and syphilis. Using an ELISA, IgG anticardiolipin (CL), antiphosphatidyl serine (PS) and antiphosphatidyl ethanolamine (PEA), antibodies have been detected with the same frequency in both groups of patients. Titres of antiphosphatidyl serine (PS) (p less than 0.005) and PEA antibodies (p less than 0.05) were significantly higher in the syphilitic sera compared to the SLE sera. Anticardiolipin binding activity of both groups of sera could be inhibited by preincubation with phosphatidic acid, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl glycerol and cardiolipin antigens, but the inhibiting ratio of phosphatidyl antigen was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in the SLE group. These data suggest that anticardiolipin auto-antibodies present in SLE sera are very similar to the "reagins" or antibodies to cardiolipin seen in syphilitic sera. IgG anticardiolipin antibodies may be an epiphenomenon and are probably not implicated in the pathogenesis of the thrombotic diathesis seen preferentially in some patients with SLE.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1987

Antiphospholipid antibodies: a disease marker in 25 patients with antinuclear antibody negative systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Comparison with a group of 91 patients with antinuclear antibody positive SLE.

Twenty-five antinuclear antibody (ANA) negative patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or lupus-like disease were compared to 91 ANA positive patients with SLE for clinical and biological symptoms. Cutaneous symptoms were infrequent in ANA negative patients (p less than 0.03). Thrombocytopenia (p less than 0.001), venous or arterial thrombosis (p less than 0.02) as well as cerebral infarction (p less than 0.001) were more frequent. Three types of antiphospholipid antibodies were determined by different methods; the VDRL, the lupus anticoagulant and an ELISA for IgG anticardiolipin antibody (aCL). The frequency of a positive VDRL test was significantly higher in the ANA negative group (p less than 0.05). Correlation studies suggest that the 3 methods are not redundant and detect overlapping but not identical antibodies. Of the 3 antiphospholipid antibody assays, only the IgG aCL test was significantly associated with thrombosis in the ANA negative group (p less than 0.02).

Adolescent↗