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Biomedical subjects

O Meurman

Publications and source records attributed to O Meurman.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Viral etiology of parotitis.

Viral etiology of clinically typical parotitis was studied by virus isolation and serology in 100 consecutive patients presented at the Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Turku, during a period of over 2 years. Mumps etiology was confirmed in 95 cases and in one case a probable parainfluenza type 3 infection was diagnosed by IgM serology. In the remaining 4 patients no etiological evidence of any of the viruses studied was obtained. When different methods to diagnose an acute mumps infection were compared, the most sensitive was the assay for specific IgM antibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Microbial flora in women showing symptoms of nonspecific vaginosis: applicability of KOH test for diagnosis.

The microbial flora of the vagina in 100 consecutive patients coming to a gynaecologist's office because of excessive and malodourous vaginal discharge was investigated. Anaerobic bacteria were detected in 66% of cases, and Gardnerella vaginalis in 59% of cases. Lactobacilli were present in 52% of cases, Candida in 19%, Chlamydia trachomatis in 6% and Trichomonas vaginalis in 5%. Among the anaerobic bacteria, various strains of Bacteroides or Fusobacteria were the most common. The positive predictivity of KOH test varied from 86 to 98%. Its specificity was equally good, but its sensitivity was lower, in the range 66 to 76%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Type-specific IgG and IgA antibodies in old lymphogranuloma venerum determined by solid-phase radioimmunoassay.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) using egg-grown purified Chlamydia trachomatis lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) serotypes L1, L2, and L3 as antigen was used to measure type-specific IgG and IgA antibodies in sera of 36 patients who had contracted LGV infection about 40 years ago. The RIA test gave compatible results with the standard microimmunofluorescence test, and by RIA it was possible to identify the infecting serotype in 30 out of 36 patients studied. In 28 cases this was L2 and in two cases L1. Each patient had IgG antibodies and most of them (80%) IgA antibodies to at least one of the LGV serotypes. The antibody titers were still high 40 years after the acute infection, being higher than in male patients with a recent chlamydial urethritis. Highest antibody titers were detected in LGV patients who had a severe disease with intestinal involvement.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1982

Determination of IgG- and IgM-class antibodies to mumps virus by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay.

An indirect enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the determination of IgG and IgM antibodies to mumps virus is described. Viral antigens and control antigens were adsorbed onto polystyrene microtiter plates, and antibodies attached to the antigens were detected by subsequent binding of commercial peroxidase-labeled antibodies to the heavy chains of human IgG and IgM immunoglobulins. A comparison of antibody titers obtained by the EIA and by indirect immunofluorescence test showed a close concordance between these two tests, with EIA, however, being more sensitive. Occasional cross-reactions between mumps and parainfluenza antibodies were detected in the IgG antibody test but not in the IgM antibody test. In sera from 84 patients with mumps infection, all cases were diagnosed by the EIA IgM antibody assay, 96% from the first serum specimen. Mumps was diagnosed by complement fixation (CF) in 71% of these cases: unclear or erroneous results with parainfluenza titer increases in 10% and no diagnosis in 18% of the cases. The EIA IgM antibody assay was thus better than the CF test for the diagnosis of acute mumps infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Chlamydial serum IgG, IgA and local IgA antibodies in patients with genital-tract infections measured by solid-phase radioimmunoassay.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) for IgG and IgA class antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis was developed with C. trachomatis serotype L2 as antigen. The assay was sensitive, reproducible and correlated well with an immunofluorescence test (r = 0.85). Serum IgG antibodies were detected in 79% of Chlamydia isolation-positive versus 43% of isolation-negative male patients with urethritis, and and serum IgA antibodies in 53% and 21%, respectively. Urethral IgA antibodies, measured from specimens taken for chlamydial isolation, could be detected in 94% and 38%, respectively. From 737 male urethral and 909 female cervical secretions screened for the presence of IgA antibodies, about half were isolation and IgA negative. Only 4% (6/151) of male and 5.4% (2/37) of female isolation-positive specimens were IgA negative. The determination of local IgA antibodies may be used as a screening test in chlamydial genital infections.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1980

The significance of chlamydial genital infection in male infertility.

Chlamydia trachomatis (C.tr.) is recognized as an aetiological agent in most cases of male nonspecific urethritis, post-gonococcal urethritis, and epididymitis. According to the recent view, C.tr. is considered capable of causing infertility in women, but up to date the significance of C.tr. in male infertility is unknown. According to our study, chlamydial genital infection seems to play a role in male infertility, but in lesser degree than in females. Male chlamydial infection seems to be less intense and more "distal" than female infection. The infection is apparently often quite symptomless. The incidence of genital chlamydial infection in male population evidently increases with age and promiscuity at least from the age of 20 to 30 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Measles and rubella virus antibodies in patients with multiple sclerosis. A longitudinal study of serum and CSF specimens by radioimmunoassay.

A longitudinal study on rubella, measles, and respiratory syncytial virus antibodies in serial serum and CSF specimens from 20 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients was performed, using solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Albumin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were also measured to check the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and the intrathecal IgG production. All the patients had local IgG production in their CNA. A local antibody production against one or more of the viruses studied was evident in 15 patients. Fluctuations in the intrathecal viral antibody synthesis were evident in eight patients. No correlation was found between these changes and the clinical course of the disease. The results suggest that the intrathecal antibody synthesis in MS is only partially against any given virus, and in most patients the bulk of the oligoclonal CSF antibodies is against antigens other than those studied here.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Chlamydial serology in infertile women by immunofluorescence.

The chlamydial serum immunoglobulin G antibodies of 128 infertile women were determined by a single-antigen (L2) immunofluorescence test. The antibody titers were compared with those of female contacts of men with nonspecific urethritis and with those of "normal" pregnant women. Among infertile women, 43% lacked chlamydial antibodies (titer less than or equal to 8). The corresponding proportion for contacts of men with nonspecific urethritis was 14% and that for pregnant women 71%. A very high titer (greater than or equal to 256) was recorded in 25 infertile women and in 7% of pregnant women. Among women with positive chlamydial isolation, 46% had titers greater than or equal to 256. Bilateral tubal obstruction was demonstrated in 23 infertile women (18%). The geometric mean titer of these patients was higher than that of patients with normal hysterosalpingograms. In nine cases with bilateral tubal obstruction and very high chlamydial antibody titers, there was no history of pelvis infections. The operative findings were typical of previous salpingo-oophoritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

IgA antibody response in acute rubella determined by solid-phase radioimmunoassay.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) for detecting rubella virus IgA serum antibodies was developed. Purified rubella virus grown in roller cultures of Vero cells was adsorbed onto polystyrene beads. The coated beads were then incubated with dilutions of serum, and rubella IgA antibodies which attached to the virus antigen on the solid-phase were subsequently detected with 125I-labelled anti-human-alpha antibodies. The specificity of the iodinated anti-human immunoglobulins was confirmed by RIA analysis of fractions obtained by chromatography of an early convalescent serum on an agarose column. A complete separation of IgM, IgA, and IgG was observed. A total of 144 serial serum specimens from 31 adult patients with an acute rubella infection were tested for rubella IgA antibodies, and the results were compared with the RIA IgG and IgM titres reported earlier from the same specimens. The RIA IgA response was detected in each of the 31 patients and the IgA antibodies appeared almost simultaneously with the IgG and IgM antibodies. The maximum titres, which were lower than the IgG and IgM titres, were reached in about 1 week after the onset of rash. In 6 patients out of 31 the IgA antibody response was transient and persisted approximately two months, while in the remaining 25 patients the IgA antibodies persisted throughout the study period of more than 5 months. The results obtained indicate that the presence of rubella IgA antibodies in serum is not an indication for a recent rubella infection.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1978

Determination of human immunoglobulin M rheumatoid factor by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay which uses human immunoglobulin G in antigen-antibody complexes.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for the rapid determination of human immunoglobulin M (IgM) rheumatoid factor (RF) has been developed. Preparation of the solid phase for the assay involved the formation of complexes between respiratory syncytial virus-specific human IgG antibodies and virus antigen on the surface of polystyrene balls. Binding of serum RF to IgG in the immune complex was subsequently detected by 125I-labeled mu-chain-specific antibodies to human IgM. The amount of radioactive indicator antibody bound was converted to units of RF by comparison to the standard curve for an RF reference-serum pool. This assay should prove useful in studies of the physiological role of RF, since it can effectively measure low levels of circulating RF.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1977

HLA antigens and antibody responses to measles and rubella viruses in multiple sclerosis.

Twenty-four HLA-antigens coded by loci A and B were determined serologically for 60 multiple sclerosis patients from Northern Finland. Forty-five of the patients were also typed by mixed leucocyte culture reactivity for HLA-Dw2. The only statistically significant difference in antigen frequencies in these patients compared with those in controls was the decrease of HLA-A2 among patients. Measles and rubella antibody titres in patients with and without HLA-Dw2 and HLA-B7 antigens were compared using a sensitive radioimmunoassay method. There was no difference between age- and sex-matched patient groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Completion of hemagglutination inhibition test by solid-phase radioimmunoassay test in routine diagnostic rubella serology.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) test for rubella virus IgG and IgM class antibodies was used for completing the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test in routine diagnostic serology. During a six-month period 80 serum specimens from 47 patients were tested by RIA because the HI test result was either unreliable or gave insufficient information. This was approximately 5% of the total number of serum specimens tested for rubella antibodies in our laboratory during the study period. The main indications for using the RIA test were improper timing in the taking of serum specimens, which accounted for IgM determination, and nonspecific agglutinins or nonspecific serum hemaglutination inhibitors, which disturbed the HI test. In all cases an unambiguous result was obtained by the RIA test, and five recent rubella infections, not diagnosably by the HI test, were detected. Based on these findings we consider the RIA test to be a good alternative among the methods proposed for diagnostic rubella serology.

Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Salivary antimicrobial proteins and mutans streptococci in tonsillectomized children.

Whole saliva from 53 children who had been tonsillectomized when they were younger than 4 years old was analyzed for selected antimicrobial proteins and oral mutans streptococci 3-4 years after the operation. The results were compared with those from age- and gender-matched control children with no history of tonsillectomy. The salivary analyses comprised both immune (total IgA, IgG and IgM) and selected nonimmune (lactoferrin, myeloperoxidase, salivary peroxidase) antimicrobial proteins. Specific IgA and IgG antibodies against viral antigens (adeno-, cytomegalo-, respiratory syncytial- and Epstein-Barr-viruses) and against Streptococcus mutans cells were quantitated in both groups. The tonsillectomized children had statistically significantly higher concentrations of all immunoglobulin isotypes (P 0.001) as well as of lactoferrin (P less than 0.005), and myeloperoxidase (P less than 0.001) in saliva. However, no differences were found in the numbers of cariogenic mutans streptococci or in the total oral aerobic flora. In line with the streptococcal counts, no differences existed in anti-S. mutans IgA or IgG titers between the groups. Most antibodies against viruses, especially of IgG isotype, were significantly (P less than 0.001) higher in saliva of tonsillectomized children than in that of the controls. The results suggest that, within a long run, the humoral immune status of human saliva is not weakened by tonsillectomy. Also, mainly serum-derived antimicrobial proteins (myeloperoxidase, lactoferrin, IgG) exist in high concentrations in whole saliva after tonsillectomy.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗