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Biomedical subjects

O Korhola

Publications and source records attributed to O Korhola.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Magnetic resonance imaging of tibial shaft fracture repair.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of normal fracture repair was evaluated in six randomly chosen adult patients with solitary, closed fractures of the tibial shaft by obtaining serial MRI scans until union of the fracture. The mean time to union was 14.3 weeks. Ultralow-field 0.02-Tesla magnet equipment was used. The MRI scans showed a characteristic pattern of events common for all the patients studied and compatible with the recognized histomorphology of fracture repair. The intramedullary cavity demonstrated a marked decrease in the signal intensity. In the soft tissues surrounding the fracture the initially evenly high signal intensity gradually developed a granular appearance with embedded low-intensity nodules. These nodules corresponded to the first areas to become mineralized, as could be seen on plain radiographs several weeks later. The question of whether MRI renders it possible to predict delayed union calls for continued investigations.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Reduction of radiation scatter with a multiple pencil-beam imaging device.

A prototype device consisting of a focused array of several scanning collimator plates that produce multiple pencil beams has been constructed for radiographic imaging. Under normal imaging conditions, the scatter-to-primary ratio resulting from this device is less than 10%. High-contrast radiographs can be produced without increasing patient radiation dose.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1987

Radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis following split-course radiation therapy for lung cancer. A radiologic and physiologic study.

Radiographic signs of radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis were assessed and pulmonary function monitored in lung cancer patients after two different split-course radiation therapy schedules, one with a rest interval of 3 weeks and the other with a rest interval of 5 weeks, the total radiation dose being the same in both treatments (55 Gy/20 fractions/7 or 9 weeks). Post-mortem findings were analysed when available. Spirometric measurement of vital capacity, determination of diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL) and alveolar volume with the single breath technique, and determination of regional distribution of lung perfusion by two different techniques, radiospirometry and gamma camera digital display following intravenous injection of 133Xe, were carried out before and at various times after the completion of irradiation. Of the physiologic parameters, only DL showed a significant decrease 6 as well as 9 months post-treatment (p less than 0.05). No difference between the two treatment schedules could be shown with regard to grade or time pattern of radiologic changes or decrease in DL. The findings suggest that measurement of DL may be of value in monitoring patients included in research protocols for radiation therapy of lung cancer as well as in selection of patients for this treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Radiologic demonstration of Meckel's diverticulum.

A case of bleeding Meckel's diverticulum with a positive barium meal examination, selective mesenteric arteriography and 99mTc-pertechnetate scanning is presented. Complementary radiologic examinations are needed in the visualization of Meckel's diverticulum due to difficulties in making the correct diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Asthma, allergy and bronchial hyper-reactivity to histamine in patients with bronchiectasis.

An allergy examination was made on forty-eight consecutive bronchiectasis patients, with a mean age of 37 years. Eleven had confirmed asthma and another nine, making twenty in all (42%), had distinct allergic diathesis. Allergy to a specific allergen was established in five cases. 50% of the patients in the total series had bronchial histamine hyper-reactivity, eleven without asthma or distinct allergic diathesis. The results corroborate views previously reported of the role of asthmatic symptoms and allergic diathesis as aetiological factors of bronchiectasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

TruCutR needle biopsy in asbestosis and silicosis: correlation of histological changes with radiographic changes and pulmonary function in 41 patients.

A percutaneous needle biopsy was performed with a TruCut needle on 41 patients with suspected pneumoconiosis. Patients selected for biopsy tended to have brief or unusual dust exposure, as well as questionable radiographic opacities. Sixteen had been exposed to asbestos, 13 to silica and 12 to mixed dust containing quartz, coal, iron, asbestos and talc. All patients in the asbestos group and most in the other two groups had a reduced transfer factor. Most patients in the asbestos group and about 25% of the other patients had restrictive ventilatory impairment. Chest radiographs were assessed according to standard films of the ILO U/C International Classification (International Labour Office, 1972). In 25 patients radiographic opacities were absent or acanty (categories 0--1/1). The dominant radiographic feature of many patients exposed to asbestos was a ground-glass appearance or a bilateral elevation of the diaphragm, or both, features difficult to assess according to the ILO U/C scheme. Most histological changes were those usually seen in pneumoconiosis. However, in only two patients with silicosis were silicotic nodules detected. The specimens of seven patients showed a granulomatous inflammation. The severity of alveolar wall involvement correlated well with the transfer factor value but poorly with radiographic changes. The profusion of radiographic opacities also correlated poorly with functional impairment. As a diagnostic tool the needle biopsy was valuable in asbestosis and slightly less so in mixed-dust fibrosis. The biopsy specimens showed changes compatible with asbestosis in 75% of the suspected cases and in 86% of those in which asbestosis was the final diagnosis. In the mixed-dust group pneumoconiosis was confirmed in 67% and 80%, respectively. In the diagnosis of silicosis an open biopsy is probably more reliable than a percutaneous one, particularly if radiographic changes are minimal. Histological changes in the needle biopsy specimen were compatible with silicosis in only 36% of the suspected cases and in 63% of those in which the final diagnosis was silicosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Response of left ventricular myocardial perfusion and cavity size to beta-blockade by acebutolol.

The effect of beta-blockade by acebutolol on global and regional myocardial perfusion (133Xenon wash-out) was studied in 10 patients with coronary artery disease. Another group of 10 similar patients was used to study the effect of acebutolol on left ventricular cavity size (metal markers--spot film camera). Global perfusion responses roughly paralleled the changes in rate-pressure variable which decreased in 8 patients and increased in 2 who had spontaneous angina pectoris. Regional perfusion decreased more in areas distal to less than 75% stenoses than in those distal to less than 75% stenoses (29 vs 12%; p = 0.10 less than 0.20). Left ventricular asynergy did not modify the response, nor did the presence or absence of collateral vessels. No evidence was found to support the thesis that beta-blockade may evoke a redistribution in perfusion which favours the potentially ischaemic areas of myocardium. Left ventricular cavity size remained unchanged after acebutolol, a cardioselective beta-blocking compound with some degree of agonist activity.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1978

Deficiency of alpha1-antitrypsin and bronchiectasis.

60 consecutive patients with bronchiectasis were screened for alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Six cases (10%) with genotype PiMZ (alpha1-antitrypsin less than 66% of normal) were found. This frequency (10%) was statistically significantly (p less than 0.005) higher than the frequency of PiMZ (2.7%) in the control group. In two patients the bronchiectasis was cystic. It is suggested that the deficiency states of alpha1-antitrypsin promoting the proteolysis can participate in the genesis of bronchiectasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Cholescintigraphy].

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Biliary Tract Diseases↗