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Biomedical subjects

O Klein

Publications and source records attributed to O Klein.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Activated eosinophils and interleukin 5 expression in early recurrence of Crohn's disease.

Endoscopic recurrences after radical surgery for Crohn's disease are useful for studying the pathogenesis of initial lesions of Crohn's disease. Factors predisposing to recurrence are poorly understood, but it has been shown that eosinophilic infiltration of the neoileum may occur within a few weeks of resection. The aim of this study was to compare, in nine patients having an ileocolectomy, the infiltration of eosinophils and their activation state in normal and diseased areas of the neoileum, three months after surgery. Tissue eosinophils were studied by histochemical methods and electron microscopy. Mucosal expression of interleukin 5 (IL 5), an important eosinophil activating factor was studied using in situ hybridisation. Sixty per cent of patients had endoscopic recurrence at three months. Eosinophil infiltration was more pronounced in diseased than in endoscopically normal areas and was associated with a high expression of IL 5 mRNA. Ultrastructural analysis showed features of eosinophil activation, but no cytotoxic lesions of surrounding inflammatory or epithelial cells. This study suggests that local synthesis of IL 5 associated with eosinophil activation in the tissues could participate in early mucosal damage in Crohn's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Remaining small bowel endoscopic lesions at surgery have no influence on early anastomotic recurrences in Crohn's disease.

OBJECTIVES: We recently demonstrated that 65% of patients operated on for Crohn's disease (CD) had lesions of the small bowel at perioperative endoscopy (POE). These lesions were unrecognized before surgery in more than half of the patients. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of endoscopic small bowel lesions let in place at time of surgery on further anastomotic endoscopic relapse. METHODS: Twenty one patients (10 women, 11 men, mean age 34 yr) had an enteroscopy from the terminal ileum to the ligament of Treitz during an ileocolectomy performed for CD. All patients were subsequently enrolled in a placebo-controlled trial of mesalazine for the prevention of early endoscopic relapse; 10 patients received placebo, and 11 received mesalazine (1.5 g/day) for 12 wk after surgery. At the end of this trial, they all had a colonoscopy with inspection of the anastomosis and the neoterminal ileum. RESULTS: POE was completed up to the angle of Treitz in all 21 patients. In 10/21 cases (47%), mild lesions were found distributed at random along the small intestine 30 cm beyond the resection margin. At colonoscopy performed 12 wk later, lesions were found in 11/21 cases (52%) between section margin and were estimated to be 25 cm over the anastomosis. Endoscopic recurrence occurred in 5/10 patients who received placebo and 6/11 patients who received mesalazine. Endoscopic recurrence occurred in 5/10 patients having lesions at POE and in 6/11 patients who had no lesions. There was no relationship between endoscopic recurrence at 12 wk and presence of lesions at initial POE, whatever the postoperative treatment. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic lesions let in place after "curative" surgery have no influence on early endoscopic anastomotic recurrences in CD.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Metastasis-associated cell functions in AKR lymphoma malignancy variants.

Multiple structural and functional cell properties are responsible for the complex phenotype of the metastatic cell. Cells derived from AKR lymphoma malignancy variants were compared with regard to several cellular functions relevant to the metastatic behavior. Metastatic behavior correlated with relevant in vitro cell activities, such as cell motility, homotypic and heterotypic adhesion as well as proteolytic activity. The Variant displaying the highest degree of malignancy, TAU-42, exhibited the most elevated ability to perform almost each of the cell functions examined: motility, aggregability, capacity to adhere to endothelium and extracellular matrix, heparanase and protease activity and ability to grow in the spleen. The TAU-33 variant was second in rank in the performance of the above activities. The TAU-44 variant cells, the third in rank of malignancy, displayed some peculiar functional behavior: while manifesting the lowest homotypic adherence and heparanase activity, they had a high predilection for growth in kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Interleukin 5 synthesis by eosinophils: association with granules and immunoglobulin-dependent secretion.

Interleukin 5 (IL-5) is the main factor that promotes the terminal differentiation of eosinophil progenitors (as indicated by colony formation assays), and enhances the effector capacity of mature eosinophils. IL-5 is produced by T lymphocytes, CD4-/CD8- and mast cells and recently, messenger (m)RNA of this cytokine has been identified in eosinophils from patients with coeliac disease, asthma, or eosinophilic heart diseases. In this study, IL-5 mRNA and immunoreactive IL-5 protein were detected in tissue and blood eosinophils from patients with eosinophilic cystitis or hypereosinophilic syndromes but not in Crohn's disease. By electron microscopy associated to immunogold staining, immunoreactive IL-5 was identified in eosinophilic granules. After stimulation with IgA-, IgE-, or IgG-immune complexes, blood eosinophils were shown, by immunocytochemistry and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, to secrete IL-5. These observations demonstrate that eosinophils, under physiological stimulation, can release significant amounts of IL-5, which may contribute to local eosinophil recruitment and activation.

Cytoplasmic Granules↗
PubMed1994

In vitro activity of SCE-2787, a new cephalosporin with potent activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and members of the family Enterobacteriaceae.

The in vitro activity of SCE-2787, 7-[(Z)-2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3- yl)-2-methoxyiminoacetamido]-3-(1-imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazinium)methy l-3- cephem-4-carboxylate, was compared with those of ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and imipenem against recent clinical isolates. SCE-2787 inhibited 50% of tested isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae at < or = 0.25 micrograms/ml. SCE-2787 was equally active as or more active than ceftazidime and ceftriaxone against members of the Enterobacteriaceae, with the exception of Proteus vulgaris. The MIC of SCE-2787 at which 90% of the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were inhibited was 2 micrograms/ml, two- to fourfold lower than those of imipenem and ceftazidime, respectively. SCE-2787, like ceftazidime and imipenem, did not inhibit the majority of strains of Pseudomonas cepacia and Xanthomonas maltophilia. SCE-2787 inhibited beta-hemolytic streptococci at < or = 0.12 micrograms/ml, but it did not inhibit Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, or the anaerobic species tested. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci required SCE-2787 MICs of > or = 16 micrograms/ml, whereas methicillin-susceptible staphylococci were inhibited by 2 micrograms/ml. No difference between the MICs and MBCs was noted, except for P. aeruginosa, for which there was a fourfold difference. SCE-2787 was active over a pH range of 6 to 8. The inoculum size of 10(5) to 10(7) CFU caused only a twofold change in the MIC for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus but a 4- to 16-fold change in Enterobacter cloacae and P. aeruginosa. beta-Lactamases from Bush groups 1, 2a, and 2b did not hydrolyze SCE-2787. There was significant hydrolysis of SCE-2787 by the beta-lactamases designated 2b', i.e., TEM-3, TEM-5, TEM-7, and TEM-9, and by the group 2d beta-lactamases. SCE-2787 had poor affinity for group 1 and group 2b enzymes and constitutively produced chromosomal beta-lactamases such as P-99 of Enterobacter cloacae and plasmid-mediated TEM-1 of E. coli. SCE-2787 has in vitro activity comparable to that of current parenteral cephalosporin and is more active against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.

Cephalosporins↗
PubMed1993

Pneumatoceles and pneumothoraces complicating staphylococcal pneumonia: treatment by synchronous independent lung ventilation.

A 54 year old man with a staphylococcal sepsis developed staphylococcal pneumonia complicated by multiple pneumatoceles and bilateral tension pneumothoraces caused by bronchopleural fistulae. Excessive enlargement of the right sided pneumatoceles and a tension pneumothorax not improved by drainage led to mediastinal shift and compression of the right lung. Reversal of the mediastinal shift and closure of the bronchopleural fistulae was achieved by assisted independent lung ventilation.

Bronchial Fistula↗