Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to O Jensen.
A proposed Norwegian ban on clinical thermometers containing mercury will affect the equipment available for clinical measurements of temperature. The basic technological principles and applications of electronic thermometers and infrared tympanic thermometers are reviewed and discussed.
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Sweat from 8 'rusters' and 8 control persons was examined for its sodium concentration. Sweating was induced by iontophoresis of pilocarpine on the distal forearm. In no case did the concentrations exceed the normal upper limit for this procedure, and no difference was found between the two groups. In this way the study failed to confirm earlier reports of elevated sodium chloride concentrations in sweat from 'rusters'. Proposals of a relationship between 'rusters' and patients with pancreatic cystic fibrosis were not substantiated. Hyperhidrosis of the palms and volar surfaces of the fingers was present in all 'rusters'. This seemed to be the main cause of the corrosive tendency, and patients referred for palmar hyperhidrosis were found to produce corrosion similar to the 'rusters'. Topical application of aluminium chloride hexahydrate in a 25% solution in absolute ethyl alcohol proved effective against both hyperhidrosis and the corrosive tendency.
When measuring sweating rates, close correspondence was found with the clinical estimation of hyperhidrosis. Corrosion was seen to increase with increasing sweat rates, reaching its maximum after an assumed rise in the actual sodium chloride concentration on the skin surface due to evaporation of water. The findings confirm that hyperhidrosis is of primary importance in the constitution of a 'ruster', and are also in good agreement with experimental reports. The small variations in palmar skin pH had no influence on the degree of corrosion; nor had the character of the metal surface. Of the two types of metal studied. corrosion was much more severe on the type having the lowest concentration of copper, thus confirming that increasing copper concentrations have a positive effect in reducing corrosion rates. At 50--60% relative humidity (RH) corrosion increased as time elapsed, whereas at 40% RH no corrosion developed on a sweat-contaminated plate. When exposed to 75% RH, metal samples became severely corroded in the course of a few days. Protective methods for the avoidance of rust are mentioned, with special emphasis on frequent handwashing.
A three-year clinical material of 163 patients with pustulosis palmaris et plantaris is presented. The study was designed to assess the value of routine radiographic examinations of teeth, nasal sinuses and chest in the detection of an asymptomatic infectious focus. 66 patients underwent 151 examinations. Infectious lesions were found in the lungs of 0 of 53 examinations, inflammation in the nasal sinuses in 3 of 52 examinations (6%) , and abscesses at the teeth roots in 8 of 46 examinations (17%). The 3 patients with sinuitis had symptoms leading to the diagnosis. The root abscesses were all asymptomatic. Elimination of the infectious foci did not affect the course of the disease. The high incidence of asymptomatic tooth root abscesses is discussed. From studies on clinically healthy persons, similar results have been reported. It is concluded that routine radiographic examinations are of little or no value, possibly with the exception of the dental examination.
454 patients were treated with quassia tincture for head lice. At examination one week later only three patients had hatched lice. There was firm evidence that these patients had been reinfested. The treatment procedure was acceptable both to patients and to staff and no side-effects were observed. As resistance to clophenothane has appeared, alternative cures are needed. This study confirms earlier reports on the effectiveness of quassia tincture, which seems to be a useful alternative to clophenothane. At present the recommended treatment is two applications with an interval of one week.
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