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Biomedical subjects

O Ishihara

Publications and source records attributed to O Ishihara.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The inhibitory effect of cytosolic fraction of human decidua on prostaglandin synthesis.

To elucidate the mechanism of suppression of prostaglandin (PG) production in decidua in early pregnancy, the PG synthetase activity of decidua and mid-secretory endometrium was studied. The microsomal fractions and their supernatants were prepared from the tissue by ultracentrifugation at 105,000 g. The standard incubation mixture consisted of the microsomal fraction and 14C arachidonic acid with cofactors, with incubation being carried out for 10 minutes at 37 degrees C. After extraction, the radioactivity of PGE2 was measured and PG synthetase activity was assayed. The apparent Km value for PG synthetase in decidua was 4.6 +/- 0.14 x 10(-6) M (n = 4), whereas that in endometrium was 4.6 +/- 1.18 x 10(-6) M (n = 3). Subsequently, kinetic studies on PG synthetase inhibitor in decidua were carried out. When sheep seminal vesicle was used as an enzyme source, the decidual supernatant showed competitive inhibition. The inhibitory substance in decidua was inactivated after incubation for 15 minutes at 65 degrees C. It seems likely that the suppression of PG biosynthesis in human decidua in early pregnancy is not due to the difference in PG synthetase found in decidua and in endometrium, but due to the existence of PG synthetase inhibitor in decidua.

Cell Extracts↗
PubMed1986

Metabolism of arachidonic acid and synthesis of prostanoids in human endometrium and decidua.

Arachidonic acid metabolism and prostanoid synthesis were investigated using [14C]-arachidonic acid (AA) in human endometrium obtained at different phases of the ovarian cycle and decidua in early pregnancy. Prostaglandins (PG) identified in endometrium and decidua were PGE2 and PGF2 alpha. The capacity for the production of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha was higher in the secretory phase of endometrium than in the proliferative phase, and the maximum formation of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha was found in the mid secretory phase and in the late secretory phase, respectively. However, the production of PGs was markedly suppressed in decidua. On the other hand, more than 70% of [14C]AA was incorporated into total neutral lipids, whereas less than 22% was incorporated into glycerophospholipids in both endometrium and decidua. Secretory endometrium showed a higher uptake of [14C]AA into glycerophospholipids than did proliferative endometrium, whereas the incorporation into neutral lipids was lower in secretory endometrium than in the proliferative phase. Moreover, decidua showed a similar pattern of incorporation of [14C]AA to the proliferative phase. The changes of arachidonic acid metabolism and PG formation in both endometrium and decidua are discussed in terms of implantation and maintenance of early pregnancy.

Arachidonic Acid↗
PubMed1986

[A case of primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the vagina].

A 52-year-old woman visited us complaining of a recurrent vaginal tumor, which was diagnosed histologically as malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the vagina. Computed tomography revealed multiple metastatic lesions in the liver, lymph nodes and vertebrae. The patient was treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and cis-platinum, but the tumor did not yield readily to the treatment. We believe that this is the first reported case of this tumor in this location in Japan.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Multiple ring enhancement in a case of acute reversible demyelinating disease in childhood suggestive of acute multiple sclerosis.

A 5-year-old Japanese boy was admitted to our hospital because of progressive visual disturbance and quadriplegia. Computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple low density areas in the cerebral white matter, and intravenous injection of contrast medium resulted in ring enhancement around these areas. Exploratory aspiration of one of the low density areas gave a xanthochromic, viscous fluid. Pathologic examination of the drained fluid demonstrated small pieces of brain tissue with necrotizing lesions surrounded by demyelinating areas. The patient has been followed up for 3 years with corticosteroid treatment, and marked improvement has been achieved both in neurological examination and CT findings. From these clinicopathological findings an acute form of multiple sclerosis (MS) in childhood was suspected.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMed1983

A pilot study on the anticonvulsive effects of a thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog in intractable epilepsy.

In 1981, Inanaga et al reported on the efficacy of DN-1417 (a TRH analog) in the treatment of degenerative myoclonus epilepsy and other forms of intractable epilepsy. Following this report, we studied the efficacy and safety of DN-1417 treatment in 10 intractable epileptic children ranging in age from 6 months to 11 years (mean 4 years), including 7 with Lennox syndrome (LS), 2 with West syndrome (WS) and 1 with degenerative myoclonus epilepsy (DME). The daily dose was from 0.02 to 0.05 mg/kg, initially, and then was increased to 0.05 mg/kg. Complete control of seizures was achieved in 2 patients with LS, a 50% or greater decrease in seizure frequency was observed in one patient each with LS and DME and a less than 50% decrease in 1 with LS and 2 with WS. There was no change in 2 LS cases, and 1 LS case became worse. Activation of psychic activities, such as psychomotor activity, facial expression and motivation, was also noted in 7 of the 10 patients. Furthermore, improvement of motor function was noted in 5 patients. Electroencephalographic abnormalities improved in 2 completely seizure free patients with LS in which EEG ameliorated along with clinical seizure control.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1982

Basilar artery occlusion in a case of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

This is a report of a case of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), with multiple infarcts in the territories of the basilar artery. He developed abrupt vomiting and transient left hemiparesis at the age of 4 years. The episodes were seen 3 times between 4-year-1-month to 5-year-1-month old. Transaxial computerized tomography (CT) revealed multiple, well-defined but irregularly marginated areas of low density centered in the mid- and upper pons, right cerebral peduncle and thalamus. A right vertebral angiogram illustrated the narrowed basilar artery. The rectus femoris muscle was biopsied at the age of 4-year-1-month which showed marked variation in fiber size, myonecrosis with phagocytosis, central nuclei, and adipose and connective tissue proliferation, which were consistent with those seen in DMD. It remains unknown whether the basilar artery occlusion was an incidental event in this particular case or closely related to the disease process of DMD.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

Vacuolar myopathy with type 2 A fiber atrophy and type 2 B fiber deficiency. A case of childhood form acid alpha-1,4-glucosidase deficiency.

This report describes a female patient with childhood form of acid maltase deficiency who survived till fifteen years old. Although acid alpha-1,4-glucosidase was deficient in the liver, kidney, skeletal and cardiac muscles, neutral alpha-1,4-glucosidase was present in normal concentrations in those organs. On light microscopic examination, numerous intracytoplasmic vacuoles containing acid phosphatase positive granules and PAS positive materials were present in both type 1 and 2 A fibers, predominantly in the latter. The striking finding in the present case was a selective type 2 fiber atrophy with type 2 B fiber deficiency believed to result from type 2 motor neuron dysfunction in the spinal cord. Electron microscopic study revealed extensive glycogen particle accumulation, autophagic vacuoles and myelin figures in the muscle fibers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Medicosocial aspect of people with epilepsy in Japan--a survey from standpoint of epilepsy center.

Medicosocial aspects of 2,000 patients with epilepsy were outlined on the basis of international classification of epilepsies and epileptic seizures. 1. The incidence of secondary generalized epilepsy was higher compared with that reported previously. It was possible that we have been dealing with rather intractable epilepsy. Non-convulsive epileptic seizures should be treated as intensively as convulsive attacks. 2. Contrary to primary generalized epilepsy, secondary generalized epilepsy and partial epilepsy, a part of which was complex partial seizures, were more prone to be associated with psychological difficulties. 3. The rate of normal mentality was apparently proportional to the actual ease of employment among adult patients. Fortunately, the general attitude of education toward younger people with epilepsy was seemingly generous. However, the marital status of both sexes was far from satisfactory. The stigma might have been felt more by adult patients than younger ones. 4. It appeared to be conceivable that two-thirds of the people with epilepsy are treatable to a certain extent by adequate regimens while one-tenth are obliged to stay in residential centers for a lengthy period of time. Thus, various rehabilitation activities are indicated for one-fourth of the patient population. Actual strategy for rehabilitation of epileptics should be individually designed in accordance with the natural history of each epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

A retrospective study on the prognosis of aged patients with epilepsy.

A retrospective follow-up study on the prognosis of 90 patients with epilepsy above 40 years of age has resulted in: 1. In the aged patients, the duration of epilepsy (mean: 23 years) was longer than the period of treatment they underwent (mean: 14 years). The delayed commencement and/or interrupted medication along with the patients' incompliance of taking drugs accounted for the main reasons for at least 70% of the patients. 2. The partial epilepsy (80%) especially with complex symptomatology (55%) were predominating in the aged group. And also, that the tonic-clonic seizures were liable to convert to the complex partial seizures in their thirties and forties, was found in this study. 3. Although almost all the patients (97%) had more or less clinical attacks even at the time of survey, 75% or more decrease in seizure frequency have been exerted for one and a half year, regardless of the seizure types in the majority of the patients (81%). This seems to offer an explanation that an appropriate sociomedical strategy is necessitated for patients with long-standing epilepsies.

Adolescent↗