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Biomedical subjects

O Ia Kaufman

Publications and source records attributed to O Ia Kaufman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Structuro-functional characteristics of neutrophilic leukocytes and their role in the development of inflammatory and immune processes].

Neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (NPNL) are an important part of the protection system of higher animals against infection and related with specific immune response taking part in immediate and delayed type hypersensitivity reactions and affecting some parameters of mononuclear phagocytes and lymphocytes. Among bactericidal mechanisms of NPNL, neutral proteases and nonenzymatic cation proteins are particularly important. NPNL have fine autoregulation mechanisms among which of special importance is the synthesis of biologically active substances: leukotrienes, including a slow acting anaphylaxis substance, prostaglandins, and prostacyclins. These metabolites of arachidonic acid affect chemotropism of NPNL, phagocytosis activity, and secretion processes. The real activity of NPNL bactericidal mechanisms is determined by the following factors: (1) the state of genetically programmed structural-functional parameters common to NPNL, (2) the state of autoregulation mechanisms of NPNL function, (3) the stage of the infectious process, (4) NPNL--macrophage-lymphocyte system interaction, (5) regulatory effect of the neurohumoral and endocrine systems, (6) serum factors of nonspecific resistance, (7) characteristics of the causative agent of infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Reaction of rat peritoneal mesothelial cells in aseptic and bacterial peritonitis].

Transmission and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine mesothelial cells of the rat peritoneum in aseptic peritonitis caused by intraperitoneal starch injections and in bacterial peritonitis induced by injury to the large intestine. Active contraction of the mesotheliocytes was recorded in early stages of both the types of peritonitis. In aseptic peritonitis, that contraction was replaced by relaxation of the cells, whereas in bacterial peritonitis, by dystrophy and desquamation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Morphology of the parietal peritoneum and peritoneal exudate in peritonitis].

Biopsies of the peritoneum and cells of peritoneal exudate were examined in 36 patients with various phases and extension of acute purulent peritonitis. In 34 of them biopsy was taken before and after therapeutic treatment with low-frequency ultrasound. In all the cases the material was examined by light microscope, in 9 by means of transmission electron microscopy, in 2 by means of scanning electron microscopy. The peritoneum of 3 patients undergoing planned operation was studied as the control. It was shown that on the first day of peritonitis development there occurred active contraction of endotheliocytes of peritoneal microvessels with divergence of intercellular contacts resulting in sharp extravasation of the liquid, condensation of the blood formed elements, and formation of stases and microthrombi. The latter prevented marginal stay and emigration of leukocytes. Ultrasonic treatment facilitated the destruction of microthrombi and was accompanied by intensive leukocyte migration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Ultrastructure of the wall of the femoral artery in rats with chronic regional arterial hypotension].

In experiments on rats a lowering of the arterial pressure in the vessels of the body posterior was attained by occlusion of the aorta distally to the ostia of renal arteries. Twelve days after the operation there occurred a significant thinning out of the muscle layer and intermuscular septa in the wall of the femoral artery. Also, there was a disappearance of extracellular matrix vesicles usually seen in great numbers in tunica media of the artery. The animals with arterial hypotension of one- and three-month standing manifested a negligible number of extracellular vesicles; the thickness of the muscle layers and intermuscular septa increased but remained far less than normal.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Neurohistochemical and ultrastructural study of the adrenergic innervation of the wall of the rat posterior vena cava during chronic venous hypertension caused by experimental oleothorax].

Chronic venous hypertension in rats was provoked by injection of polymethyloxane into the pleural cavity. Hypertrophy of muscular tissue was accompanied by reconstitution of adrenergic nervous structures. In the early stages (up to 40 days), the changes in the latter are reactive in nature: first there occurs a weakening of luminescence, rare-fraction of the network and then "hyperneuria". Pulmonary heart formation was followed by marked hypertrophy of SMC, increased density of adrenergic fibers, convergence of SMC and nerve terminals (synapse formation).

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1980

[Ultrastructural changes in the wall of the inferior vena cava following acute obstruction of venous drainage].

Ultrastructure of the abdominal part of rat vena cava posterior was studied over a period of 2 to 20 hours after acute failure of blood outflow. This disturbance was induced by vein coarctation with a silk ligature. During the first two hours and afterwards, alteration and desquamation of the endothelium were observed. 16--20 hours after vein coarctation there occurred degeneration of some smooth muscle cells and transitory migration of blood monocytes to the vein wall. Platelet aggregations could be seen rarely. Intimal fibromuscular thickenings reported in previous papers were located at the most severely affected sites of the endothelium. The data obtained confirm the hypothesis of the presence of endothelial muscle interactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Structural organization of the wall of the inferior vena cava in rats].

Structural organization of the wall in the posterior vena cava has been studied with light optic (neurohistological and neurohictochemical techniques including) and electron microscopical methods in mature and 1-month-old rats. According to its structure, the vascular wall in question can be divided into 3 parts. Two of them are situated in the thoracic cavity, the first occupying a half of the thoracic part of the vein, is surrounded with cardiomyocytes, and in the second part the wall consists of endotheliocytes, fibroblasts, collagenous and elastic fibres. The third part of the vein is situated in the abdominal cavity; together with endotheliocytes, internal elastic membranes and collagenous fibres there is a great number of adrenergic neural fibres, a well developed middle membrane is presented by smooth muscle tissue; there is also a layer of "veil-like" fibroblasts. All the elements of the wall are connected with each other and function as a single whole. Endothelial-muscular, muscular-muscular and neuro-muscular connections seem to be of a special functional importance. Structural differences in the venous parts mentioned above appear to be connected with their functional pecularities. Structural differentiation in the young rat venous wall and myocytes coinsides with the differentiation of adrenergic nerve structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Role of injury in the appearance of "activated" smooth muscle cells].

The ultrastructure of the smooth muscle tissue was studied in the posterior vena cava in rats after the disturbance of blood outflow, in the stomach following resection of half of its fundus and cecum after constriction of its ascending limb. "Activation" of the smooth muscle was found to reflect the stage of the cell ultrastructure injury, and then the processes of intracellular regeneration. Analysis of the correlation between the DNP-synthesizing and the "activated" cells showed the latter to be of local origin, from the differentiated myocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Mitoses in hypertrophied smooth muscle tissue of the rat posterior vena cava].

Injection of colchicin to rats exposed mitotic dividing leukomyocytes in the hypertrophied muscle tissue of the posterior vena cava. Under these conditions mitotic index didn't exceed 1:1000-1:10000. Many of the cells were in the prophase, this being apparently associated with prolonged mitosis in the leiomyocytes of the vein.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Comparative pathology of the choroid vessels in glaucoma, hypertension and arteriosclerosis].

Results of histological and histochemical studies of the choroid of the eyes of deceased old people who when alive suffered from glaucoma, hypertensive disease and atherosclerosis, are presented. It was established that hypertensive disease, general atherosclerosis, symptomatic hypertension brought about peculiar changes in the choroid vessels and stroma. There were revealed changes in the venous system of the choroid of the glaucomatous eyes, which testified to the presence of venous congestion in them, this apparently being one of pathogenetic factors in origination of primary glaucoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Electron-microscopic radioautography of DNA-synthesizing cells of growing rat smooth muscle tissue].

DNA-synthesizing cells of rat stomach muscle tissue following 50% resection of the fundal part, identical cells of the vena cava after disturbance of the blood out flow, and of the appendix on contraction of the ascending part of the large intestine were studied by electron microscopic autoradiography. DNA synthesis in the differentiated myocyte nuclei of the stomach muscle tissue, and of the "activated" myocytes of the stomach and the vein was observed. There were signs of asynchronous DNA synthesis in the nuclei of some smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Conservation of the lung in the course of 2 to 24 hours with delayed autotransplantation in the experiment].

Opportunities of preservation of the lung at +4 degrees C and in association of this temperature with hyperbaric oxygenation during 2 and 24 hours with postponed autotransplantation have been studied. In 74 experiments on dogs postponed autotransplantation of the lung was performed, including 46--with preservation during 2 hours, and 28--with preservation during 24 hours. Based on the studies carried out, it was found that in preservation of the lung during 2 hours at +4 degrees C or in association of +4 degrees C and hyperbaric oxygenation the lung could be successfully employed for postponed autotransplantation. It is felt that there is no considerable difference between the results of experiments with postponed autotransplatation of the lung in preservation during 2 and 24 hours, depending on different conditions of preservation.

Animals↗