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Biomedical subjects

O Heller

Publications and source records attributed to O Heller.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Hydrodynamic evaluation of intravenous infusion systems.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: We investigated the hydrodynamic characteristics of IV infusion sets for rapid fluid resuscitation. A simple technique has been devised for quantitative evaluation of the hydrodynamic characteristics of IV sets, including their components, for a range of infusion pressures. SETTING AND METHODS: Previous investigations have measured the overall flow rate of infusion sets with and without IV catheters. This study presents a quantitative technique for measuring the resistance to flow of the IV delivery set as a whole as well as its components. An infusion set was measured with 14- and 18-gauge IV catheters while delivering fluid at infusion pressures between 50 (gravity) and 400 mm Hg. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At gravity-driven infusion, the drip chamber imposes a resistance to flow of the same order as that of the catheter. At pressurized infusion with small-bore catheters, the catheter consumes the majority of the overall pressure drop. At pressurized infusion with a large-bore catheter or tubing, the standard drip chamber becomes the limiting component and imposes the largest resistance to flow. CONCLUSION: At gravity-delivered pressures (50 and 100 mm Hg), the only effective way of increasing flow rate (more than twofold) is to use a low-resistance drip chamber or to use two infusion sites. At pressurized delivery pressures (more than 200 mm Hg), increasing catheter size from 18 to 14 gauge would be more effective than doubling the number of infusion sets. Also, a more efficient drip chamber adds an important advantage. Finally, increasing the tubing diameter adds only minimal benefit.

Catheterization, Peripheral↗
PubMed1993

Medical devices for military use.

Medical devices for military use (MDMU) may exist in the following environments: fixed health care facilities, long-term emergency storage, and field. This article will focus on the unique features and specifications required from MDMU in general and in the field in particular. The military clinical engineering tasks as they pertain to MDMU with reference to the experience in the Israel Defence Forces will be discussed.

Ambulances↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Civilian-military health services contingency program for a mass casualty situation and wartime in Israel.

The Israeli civilian-military health services contingency program for mass and wartime casualties has more than four decades of experience. The contingency program includes key civilian and military organizations that are involved in the planning, policy making and delivery of health care and support services to the wounded. During the Persian Gulf war the unified civilian and military command--the supreme hospitalization authority--implemented a national hospital and emergency medical services preparedness system designed to treat the victims of chemical warfare attacks.

Civil Defense↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An argument for equipping civilian hospitals with a multiple respirator system for a chemical warfare mass casualty situation.

During the Persian Gulf war, the entire Israeli population was under the threat of chemical missiles. One of the main effects of chemical agents (e.g., organophosphorus) is respiratory distress, which requires treatment with mechanical ventilation and oxygen enrichment. In the event of a chemical missile attack, the civilian hospitals may enter a state of insufficiency for treating such victims due to the limited amount of equipment, staff and oxygen/air sources. A possible technological solution is a multiple respirator system (MRS) with a multiple oxygen enrichment system designed for use in the battlefield. The advantages of these technologies in the civilian hospital setting during a chemical mass casualty situation are: (a) rapid deployment, (b) high transportability, (c) capability of operation in any location, (d) modularity, and (e) less medical staff for operation. Two types of MRS are described and issues concerning their selection are discussed. The authorities responsible for national health policy may wish to adopt and incorporate these technologies into their hospital and emergency services preparedness system.

Centralized Hospital Services↗