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Biomedical subjects

O Hartmann

Publications and source records attributed to O Hartmann.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

High-dose polychemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation in children with relapsed lymphomas.

Sixteen children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who had relapsed were treated with high-dose chemotherapy with BCNU, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, 6-thioguanine (high-dose chemotherapy [HDC]) and autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Eleven complete responses were obtained and five patients remain in prolonged complete unmaintained remission 77+ to 152+ weeks after treatment. The best results were obtained in patients with CNS involvement and when this regimen was used after complete remission or partial response was obtained by other means. The results appear to be better in B-cell than in T-cell lymphomas, but the numbers are too small for statistical assessment. The use of ABMT rendered the pancytopenic period short and safe, despite the use of drug doses higher than those previously described for this HDC. The frequency of interstitial pneumonitis, possibly related to pulmonary toxicity of chemotherapy, remains a major concern. These results show that this regimen can help to cure some patients but its toxicity prohibits its use in primary therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b. Clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2b (MEN 2b) is a rare syndrome. The principal features are: medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), dysmorphism, a ganglioneuromatosis and pheochromocytomas. Eight cases of MEN 2b have been observed at the Institute Gustave Roussy, between 1968 and 1983. Seven involved children under 15 years of age. Eight had a bilateral MTC; six had dysmorphism; six had mucosal tongue neuromas. Six were troubled with visceral ganglioneuromatosis of whom two had intestinal obstruction and one urinary chronic retention. One patient had pheochromocytoma with hypertension. From this experience and other data it appears that: the dysmorphism is frequently poorly interpreted; the visceral ganglioneuromatosis is an early and severe feature; it is important to examine the patient for pheochromocytoma; the MTC must be detected by calcitonin dosage after stimulation, and requires total thyroidectomy; familial screening must be done. To improve the poor prognosis of MEN 2b, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Successful infusion of 40 cryopreserved autologous bone-marrows. In vitro studies of the freezing procedure.

Cryopreservation of human bone marrow may be helpful to use supralethal chemoradiotherapy in order to cure malignant diseases. We report here a cryopreservation procedure from large volumes of human bone marrow which can be applied in routinal use. Whole bone marrow in 10% Dimethylsulfoxide (ME2SO) was frozen at an 1 degree C/min. controlled rate and was stored into liquid nitrogen. After thawing and before infusion, both ME2SO and free hemoglobin were removed. The in vitro recovery of nucleated cells and the myeloid stem cell assay (CFC) were performed as quality control. About 60% of the marrow cells and 40% of the total CFC number were recovered at the end of the procedure. Using this technique, 40 patients (25 children with malignant lymphoma and 15 adults with lymphoma and solid tumors) were transplanted with autologous cryopreserved bone marrow after receiving intensive chemotherapy. Three of them received both chemotherapy and a total body irradiation. Engraftment was achieved in all patients. Rise in leucocyte count (greater than 1.10(9)/l) occurred within an average of 17 days. In conclusion, in autologous bone marrow transplantation, this method of cryopreservation is effective to obtain rapid hematological reconstitution in patients treated for malignant diseases by intensive cytoreductive regimens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[2nd malignant tumors in children. Study of 38 cases].

Thirty-eight children, followed in the pediatric Department of Institut Gustave-Roussy, developed second malignant neoplasms. Intervals between the two neoplasms ranged from 1 to 26 years. The second neoplasms were defined as having a different histologic diagnosis than the first ones: osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, thyroid carcinoma, leukemia were the most frequent second neoplasms. The potential carcinogenic part of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is emphasized. In addition, some genetic susceptibility may enhance the carcinogenic effects of therapy. Nevertheless the incidence of second malignant neoplasms is low. Its estimation is discussed here.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Hypercalcemia associated with tumors in children. 20 cases].

Thirty episodes of hypercalcemia were observed in 20 children with solid tumors: principally 9 cases of non Hodgkin's lymphomas, 4 cases of rhabdomyosarcomas and 4 cases of Wilms' tumors. The 2 children with neurological manifestations and hypertension had the most severe symptoms secondary to the high calcium levels. However, hypercalcemia was asymptomatic in 8 of the 20 children. Focal seizures and metastatic calcifications subsequently occurred in 6 children. Emergency treatment of hypercalcemia often had partial or transient efficiency. In contrast, high calcium levels always returned to normal after anti-tumoral treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Neuroblastomas treated at the Gustave-Roussy Institute from 1975 to 1979. 173 cases].

From 1975 to 1979, 173 children with neuroblastoma were treated according to the same protocol at the Institut Gustave-Roussy. They were classified according to the site of the primary tumor (abdominal: 122; thoracic: 29; others: 22) and according to TNM staging (stage I: 8; stage II: 24; stage III: 35; stage IV: 99; stage V: 2). Depending on stage and age, treatment consisted of surgery and radiotherapy associated with cyclic multiagent chemotherapy (vincristine, Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide). It resulted in a significant improvement of prognosis in stage III patients, especially those with abdominal tumors. In the latter group, prognosis depended mainly on the possibilities of resection of the tumors. Therefore, making these tumors operable remains the major goal of therapy in such patients. Radiotherapy is quite efficient in sterilizing the small post-surgical residual tumors. Prognosis in children over 1 year of age with metastases still remains very poor, even though the quality of the survival is improved.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Radiological study of two disseminated malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting only the bones in children.

Malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a neoplastic proliferation of lymphoid cells whose clinical manifestations are extremely variable. All tissues can be affected. There may be localization in lymphoid organs (Waldeyer's ring, spleen, digestive tract), other localizations (lungs, pleura, liver, bone marrow, central nervous system), and unusual localizations. Although bone marrow is often affected, bone involvement is very rare in the early stages of the disease. This report concerns the radiological study of two disseminated malignant non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting only the bone in children.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

[The use of the CT-scan in the staging of neuroblastoma in childhood (author's transl)].

Thirty seven children with neuroblastoma were investigated by CT-scan. Twenty three of them underwent surgery allowing anatomical correlation. CT-scan was of little diagnostic help but proved very helpful in assessing the extent of the tumor: CT-scan and surgery were in agreement in 73% of the operated cases. CT is therefore an accurate means of predicting the operability of neuroblastoma.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Sequential study of the bone marrow granulocytic progenitor cells (CFC *) in children treated by chemotherapy for non-hodgkin malignant lymphomas.

We have studied the time course changes in committed granulocytic progenitor cells (CFC) in 54 pediatric patients treated by chemotherapy for a malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This study has revealed the following points: 1) In the absence of patent bone marrow invasion, the bone marrow CFC concentration is, before treatment, less than normal; 2) Bone marrow invasion coincides with a large decline in bone marrow CFC concentration; 3) The aplasia induced by the initial chemotherapy is mediated by a quasi-complete destruction of CFC; 4) After regeneration from the initial therapeutic aplastic state the CFC exhibited a quite variable behavior from one patient to another. This phenomenon is probably linked to the variable recuperation time for each patient; 5) Following the conclusion of treatment, the patients, although having a normal peripheral leukocyte count, appeared to maintain a major aftereffect characterized by a clear and prolonged reduction in the concentration and total number of CFC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Splenic granulopoiesis in mice following administration of cyclophosphamide.

The adult mouse spleen retains granulocytic progenitor cells that are capable of proliferation and maturation. In mice given cyclophosphamide, spleen weight and cell content increased. In vitro granulocyte progenitor cells increased more than 300-fold in the spleen and remained elevated 14 days following cyclophosphamide. Proliferative and nonproliferative granulocytes were increased above controls until Days 21 and 28, respectively. In splenectomized mice, blood neutrophil recovery was delayed when compared to nonsplenectomized mice following cyclophosphamide. Although marrow cell number was similar in both groups, maximum marrow granulocyte progenitor cells were 2-fold greater in nonsplenectomized animals. These studies demonstrate that the murine spleen becomes a markedly granulopoietic organ and is a major contributor to recovery of granulocytes following cyclophosphamide. Splenic granulopoiesis should be taken into account in studies which measure toxicity of various agents in murine hematopoiesis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Flucytosine conversion to fluorouracil in humans: does a correlation with gut flora status exist? A report of two cases using fluorine-19 magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

A relationship between the gut flora level, particularly gram-negative enterobacilli, and the in vivo flucytosine conversion to fluorouracil has been observed in humans from the fluorine-19 magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis of urine from two patients treated with the flucytosine- (6 to 9 g/day) amphotericin B (1 mg/kg/day) combination. Indeed the percentage of fluorouracil metabolites was extremely low (less than 0.6% of total fluorinated compounds excreted) when the number of enterobacillary colonies was low (less than 10(3] and higher (3.5 to 8.8%) when enterobacillary colonies were under reconstitution or in the normal range (10(5) to 10(8]. The intestinal microflora assessment may therefore be of high interest to predict the risk of an additive flucytosine-induced myelotoxicity suspected to be due to fluorouracil during flucytosine chronic therapy.

Adolescent↗