Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

O Hagnell

Publications and source records attributed to O Hagnell.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Frequency and distribution of Alzheimer's disease in Europe: a collaborative study of 1980-1990 prevalence findings. The EURODEM-Prevalence Research Group.

We reanalyzed and compared current prevalence estimates of Alzheimer's disease in Europe. Studies characterized as follows qualified for comparison: dementia defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 3rd edition, or equivalent criteria; Alzheimer's disease diagnosed by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association or equivalent criteria; case-finding through direct individual examination; appropriate sample size; and inclusion of institutionalized persons. Of the 23 European surveys of dementia considered, six fulfilled the inclusion criteria. When age and sex were considered, there were no major geographic differences in the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease across Europe. Overall European prevalence (per 100 population) for the age groups 30 to 59, 60 to 69, 70 to 79, and 80 to 89 years was, respectively, 0.02, 0.3, 3.2, and 10.8. Prevalence increased exponentially with advancing age and, in some populations, was consistently higher in women. Prevalence remained stable over 15 years in one study.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The prevalence of vascular dementia in Europe: facts and fragments from 1980-1990 studies. EURODEM-Prevalence Research Group.

We selected, reanalyzed, and compared data from current prevalence studies of vascular dementia in Europe. Inclusion criteria were: dementia defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, edition 3, or equivalent criteria; case finding through direct individual examination; appropriate sample size; and inclusion of institutionalized persons. Mixed dementia was combined with vascular dementia. Of the 23 surveys of dementia considered, five fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Age-specific prevalence varied more widely for men than for women; differences were greater in older ages. The prevalence increased steeply with advancing age in all countries, and was generally higher in men; it declined over 15 years in the age class of 80 to 89 years in one Swedish population. Within populations, Alzheimer's disease was generally more common than vascular dementia. Unfortunately, prevalence studies of vascular dementia are limited in Europe and worldwide, and their comparison is impeded by the lack of common diagnostic criteria.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Senile dementia of the Alzheimer type in the Lundby Study. I. A prospective, epidemiological study of incidence and risk during the 15 years 1957-1972.

In spite of the great impact of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) on society, far too little is known about its epidemiology. In this study of a total, normal population from a geographically delimited area in Sweden, Lundby, 2612 persons were examined in 1957 by one psychiatrist (Hagnell). In 1972 the same population was reexamined irrespective of domicile. The incidence and risk of contracting SDAT during the 15 years were calculated. No cases of SDAT were diagnosed before the age of 60 years. The lifetime risk was for men 25.7% and for women 26.2%. When only the very severely impaired were taken into account, the figures were 14.5% in men and 14.6% in women.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

The prevalence of dementia in Europe: a collaborative study of 1980-1990 findings. Eurodem Prevalence Research Group.

To obtain age- and gender-specific estimates of the prevalence of dementia in Europe and to study differences in prevalence across countries, we pooled and re-analysed original data of prevalence studies of dementia carried out in some European countries between 1980 and 1990. The study followed these steps: census of existing datasets, collection of data in a standardized format, selection of datasets suitable for comparison, comparison of age and gender patterns. From the 23 datasets of European surveys considered, 12 were selected for comparison. Only population-based studies in which dementia was defined by DSM-III or equivalent criteria and in which all subjects were examined personally were included. Studies in which institutionalized subjects were not investigated were excluded. Age- and gender-specific prevalences were compared within and across studies and overall prevalences were computed. Although prevalence estimates differed across studies, the general age- and gender-distribution was similar for all studies. The overall European prevalences for the five-year age groups from 60 to 94 years, were 1.0, 1.4, 4.1, 5.7, 13.0, 21.6 and 32.2%, respectively. In subjects under 75 years the prevalence of dementia was slightly higher in men than in women; in those aged 75 years or over the prevalence was higher in women. The prevalence figures nearly doubled with every five years of increase in age.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Childhood vulnerability and adult invincibility.

This study is salutogenic, focusing on the people who cope successfully with the handicapping background of a high-risk childhood. Of those aged 0-15 in 1947 in a total population survey of 2 Swedish parishes, 221 persons with 3 or more childhood psychiatric risk factors were identified. Personal interviews were conducted with 148 of them in 1988-1989. Four measures were used: the Sense of Coherence Scale, the Symptom Distress Checklist, the Quality of Life Scale, and a qualitative overall measure of health status using all interview material. Data analysis focuses on stressing the considerable proportion who managed to overcome their handicapped backgrounds. The sense of coherence is proposed as a powerful explanatory variable in such success.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiology of cycloid psychosis.

The incidence and risk of cycloid psychosis were investigated in the 1947 cohort of the Lundby Study. No male cases were found. For women the incidence rate (per 100 observation years) was 0.016%. The cumulative probability, i.e. risk up to 60 years of age, was 0.7%. These figures are about half of those for schizophrenia in women in the same population. It is concluded that cycloid psychosis constitutes a substantial part of psychotic disorders among women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A prospective study of first-incidence depression. The Lundby study, 1957-72.

The present study is based on the so-called 1957 Lundby cohort, a geographically defined normal Swedish population of 2612 individuals who were evaluated for mental disorders in 1957 and 1972. The annual age-standardised first incidence of depression, with or without other psychiatric symptoms, all degrees of impairment included, was found to be 4.3 per 1000 person years in men and 7.6 per 1000 person years in women. Up until 70 years of age, the cumulative probability of suffering a first episode of depression was 27% in men and 45% in women.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Incidence of anxiety in the Lundby Study: changes over time during a quarter of a century.

2,550 persons from a geographically delimited area in Sweden were examined and described by a team of 4 psychiatrists in 1947. Mental disorders, personality traits, social factors etc. were recorded for all but 1% of the population. Irrespective of domicile the same persons were examined in the same way first 10, then another 15 years later. The incidence of 'Anxiety' up to 60 years of age was 9.9% in men and 19.7% in women. The majority of both sexes had their first episode as young adults or in the younger middle age (30-39 years). Among men with a 'severe and medium' impairment, the cumulative probability of disease was higher in the 15-year period 1957-1972 than in the 10-year period 1947-1957.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Predictors of alcoholism in the Lundby Study. I. Material and methods.

In this prospective longitudinal study over 15 years (1957 to 1972) the background factors for those who became alcoholics and those who did not were registered before anybody knew what the outcome would be. The population (2,612 inhabitants) lived in 1957 in a delimited area in the South of Sweden, Lundby. In 1957 nearby everyone (98%) was examined by a single psychiatrist, and again in 1972, irrespective of domicile, by two psychiatrists. Among the men who at the outset did not misuse alcohol, 58 became alcoholics. These alcoholics were compared with the non-alcoholics regarding e.g. personality traits, social factors and interactions between factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Predictors of alcoholism in the Lundby Study. II. Personality traits as risk factors for alcoholism.

In 1957 all inhabitants (2,612) in a delimited geographical area, Lundby, were examined by a psychiatrist. Personality traits were scored for each individual. During the following 15 years 58 men became alcoholics (44 who had been 15 years or over in 1957). Among the men who in 1957 were scored 'subsolid in combination with symptom neurosis' the risk of becoming an alcoholic was increased 13.5 to 15.8 times. Protective against alcoholism was 'subvalidity in combination with psychosomatic symptoms'. The men with this combination had their risk decreased 12 times. The prediction of alcoholism depended on which factors and which combinations were used. With a sensitivity of 50% a specificity of almost 90% was reached; with a sensitivity of 60% specificities between 70% and 80% were reached.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Predictors of alcoholism in the Lundby Study. III. Social risk factors for alcoholism.

In 1957 all inhabitants (2,612) in a delimited geographical area, Lundby, were examined by a psychiatrist, and social factors were evaluated for each individual. During the following 15 years 58 men became alcoholics. Among the men who in 1957 were in the age group 0-14 years and belonged to a 'gang', the risk of becoming an alcoholic was 100-fold increased. 'Gang' was also an important factor in the age group 15-24 years. 'Crisis' was an important factor among those over 14, and 'disintegrated environment' in the age group 25-59 years. In the latter age group occupations such as 'entrepreneur', became important as a precipitating factor. 'Married' was the only protective factor found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Epidemiology of cycloid psychosis. A prospective longitudinal study of incidence and risk in the 1947 cohort of the Lundby Study.

The objective of the present study on cycloid psychosis was to describe the incidence and risk in a defined population sample. We therefore re-evaluated specific diagnostic groups in the 1947 cohort of the Lundby Study. Three female cases were identified as cycloid psychosis according to the diagnostic criteria of Leonhard, Perris and Brockington. No men were found. The incidence rate (per 100 observation years) was found to be 0.016% for women. The cumulative probability i.e. risk, up to 60 years of age was calculated to be 0.7%. Incidence rate and risk for cycloid psychosis in women was thus about half of the corresponding values for schizophrenia as described for the same population in a parallel study. We conclude that cases of cycloid psychosis constitute a substantial proportion of female psychotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Prevalence and incidence of senile and multi-infarct dementia in the Lundby Study: a comparison between the time periods 1947-1957 and 1957-1972.

In a recent Lundby paper, based on the original 1947 Lundby cohort [Hagnell et al., 1983], we reported a diminishing trend in the incidence of both senile and multi-infarct dementia from the first period of study 1947-1957 to the second, 1957-1972. In the present study we use the total Lundby population, including those who entered the Lundby project in 1957, as a basis for our calculations. The findings indicate no statistically significant changes in the prevalence and incidence of senile and multi-infarct dementia during the observation period 1947-1972.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Prevalence of age psychosis and mortality among age psychotics in the Lundby Study. Changes over time during a 25-year observation period.

It has been suggested that persons suffering from age psychosis have benefited from social and medical improvement in the society so that they live longer with their illness than they did before. The Lundby cohort comprises 3,563 persons from a total population, followed concerning mental disorders for 15 or 25 years. In the present study we have investigated the changes over time concerning prevalence of age psychosis and mortality among age psychotics in the Lundby Study during the 25-year observation period. When the first 10-year period was compared with the second 15-year period, the figures for average prevalence of age psychosis and death risk associated with a diagnosis of age psychosis had generally decreased in both sexes, but the differences found between the two time periods did not reach statistical significance. A significantly lower mortality during the second time period was found among mentally healthy women.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Mortality and age psychosis in the Lundby Study: death risk of senile and multi-infarct dementia. Changes over time in a prospective study of a total population followed over 25 or 15 years.

Persons suffering from age psychosis are known to have a high mortality rate. During the last decades there has been a general improvement in the standard of living and the availability of medical resources for the elderly in most western countries. It has been suggested that persons with a diagnosis of age psychosis have benefited from these changes and live longer with their illness than they did before. The Lundby cohort comprises 3,563 persons from a total population followed concerning mental disorders (psychiatrically treated as well as untreated) for 15 or 25 years. In the present Lundby Study we have calculated the changes over time concerning death risk among persons with senile and multi-infarct dementia and overmortality associated with these two main subgroups of age psychosis. We found that the prognosis in terms of mortality had not undergone any statistically significant change during the 25-year period 1947-1972 among persons in the Lundby cohort with a diagnosis of senile and multi-infarct dementia.

Aged↗