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Biomedical subjects

O Gout

Publications and source records attributed to O Gout.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Establishment of a T lymphoid cell line producing a retrovirus of HTLV-I type, from peripheral blood of a patient with tropical spastic paraparesis].

HTLV-I, the causative agent of Adult T cell Leukemia, has recently been found to be associated with chronic neuromyelopathies common in tropical areas and in Japan. We report here the establishment of a lymphoid T cell line from peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with Tropical Spastic Paraparesis. This cell line produces a retrovirus whose morphologic, antigenic and genetic characteristics show no detectable difference from the leukemogenic prototype of HTLV-I.

Antigens, Viral, Tumor↗
PubMed1988

[HTLV-I virus and associated chronic neuromyelopathies. Current data and hypotheses].

Human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) isolated in 1980, is a human retrovirus. This CD4+ lymphotropic type C retrovirus is endemic in South Western Japan, the Caribbean region and Africa where it is associated with a rare form of lymphoproliferative disease, adult T cell leukemia. Recently, HTLV-I antibodies has been found in sera and CSF from patients with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP), a chronic neuromyelopathy of unknown etiology common in tropical areas and in Japanese patients with a similar clinical myelopathy. These data suggest that HTLV-I or an antigenically related virus might be neurotropic or neurovirulent and etiologically linked to such chronic neuromyelopathies. The fact that TSP affects about 10 to 100 persons/100,000 in tropical HTLV-I endemic areas, a prevalence comparable to that of multiple sclerosis in temperate regions, increases considerably the public health interest in HTLV-I and associated diseases. The possible neurotropism or neurovirulence of this retrovirus is discussed.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1988

Acute and regressive encephalopathy coincident with transient isolation of human immunodeficiency virus from cerebrospinal fluid of a seropositive man.

We observed the development of an acute encephalopathy in a healthy human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive man. HIV was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid but not from peripheral blood. Signs and symptoms resolved quickly without treatment. This viral isolate could be propagated only in blood cord lymphocytes, but not in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes or in continuous lymphoblastoid cell lines such as CEM. The absence of the virus in the patient's T-lymphocytes or infectivity of the virus for T-lymphocytes may explain the unusual presentation of HIV-associated encephalopathy without immunodeficiency in an asymptomatic carrier. Moreover, it raises the possibility that acute expression of HIV can be controlled by natural host defence mechanisms and that clinical manifestations may be reversible despite the patient's remaining seropositive.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Transplantation of oligodendrocytes in the newborn mouse brain: extension of myelination by transplanted cells. Anatomical study.

The shiverer model allows for the immunocytochemical staining of the patches of myelin formed by transplanted oligodendrocytes from a normal newborn mouse. Fragments of the olfactory bulb were transplanted into various parts of the brain to place the myelinating cells in different anatomical conditions. Whole brains were horizontally sectioned in order to study the full pattern of migration and myelination of the grafted oligodendrocytes. Transplanted oligodendrocytes were capable of short and long distance migration before their differentiation. Long distance migration occurred in the caudal as well as in the rostral direction and into the contralateral part of the brain through the commissures. The patches of immunoreactive myelin were mainly found in the large myelinated bundles: corpus callosum, internal capsule, fimbria-fornix, medial lemniscus, cerebellar peduncles and spinal cord funiculi. Some sites of migration indicate that oligodendrocytes followed at least two different axonal pathways successively. The thalamic area which contained numerous patches could be a place where oligodendrocytes switch from one fasciculus to another.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Endemic tropical spastic paraparesis associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type I: a clinical and seroepidemiological study of 25 cases.

Tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) is a common myeloneuropathy with primary and predominant involvement of the pyramidal tract and minimal sensory loss. The epidemic form of TSP is related to toxic nutritional factors, but the endemic form occurs in clusters in tropical areas, especially in India, Africa, the Seychelles, Colombia, and areas of the Caribbean. We describe the clinical and epidemiological features of 25 TSP patients from Martinique (French West Indies) with serum antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Furthermore, all 11 patients who were seropositive for HTLV-I had specific HTLV-I antibodies in their CSF. All were women. The age of onset varied from 25 to 60 years (mean, 45 years). The main clinical features are spastic paraparesis or paraplegia with spasticity of the upper limbs, minimal sensory loss, and bladder dysfunction. Minimal estimated incidence and prevalence are 1 per 100,000 inhabitants per year and 8 per 100,000, respectively. Seventeen percent of the relatives of patients with HTLV-I-associated TSP have HTLV-I antibodies (1 husband and 7 children). In Martinique, the prevalence of HTLV-I antibodies in the general population is about 2% and reaches 10% for neurological disorders other than TSP. Since our initial report, the association between spastic paraparesis and HTLV-I has been confirmed in Jamaica, Colombia, and Japan, suggesting the neurotropism of this lymphotropic human retrovirus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Intracerebral transplantation of oligodendrocytes in mice].

We describe in this paper experiments in which oligodendrocytes (from newborn mouse, human embryonic brain, or isolated from adult rat brain) have been transplanted into the brain of the newborn mouse. Experimental conditions (Shiverer model) allowed the detection of myelin formed by transplanted oligodendrocytes into the Shiverer brain. The transplanted oligodendrocytes have been shown to survive, migrate over long distances and myelinate host axons. The maturation of transplanted oligodendrocytes depends upon the age of the brain tissue in which they differentiate.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Tropical spastic paraparesis in Martinique. High prevalence of anti-HTLV-I antibodies].

Owing to the frequent occurrence in tropical countries of subacute spinal cord diseases of unknown origin, a nosological entity called tropical spastic paraparesis has been individualized. Twenty-two cases have been observed in Martinique. The presence in the serum of antibodies directed against human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV-I) in 15 of these 22 patients suggests that this lymphotropic virus or a related one might also be neurovirulent.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type-I in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis.

10 out of 17 (59%) patients with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) had antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I), as did 5 out of 5 TSP patients with systemic symptoms. Only 13 out of 303 (4%) controls, made up of blood donors, medical personnel, and other neurological patients, had such antibodies. These findings suggest either that HTLV-I is neurotropic or that the virus or a related one contributes to the pathogenesis of TSP.

Adolescent↗