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Biomedical subjects

O Frank

Publications and source records attributed to O Frank.

174 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Lack of effect of 1 year intake of a high-dose vitamin and mineral supplement on cognitive function of elderly women.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if long-term, high-vitamin supplementation could reverse cognitive malfunction in old people. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal study relating the 12-month outcome to baseline values. Twenty non-vitamin-deficient elderly females with a Folstein mini mental state examination score indicating cognitive malfunctions were recruited to ascertain if feeding a high-dose vitamin-mineral supplement for 1 year could, by mass vitamin action, reverse some existing cognitive malfunctions. Ten females were fed a high-dose vitamin-mineral supplement pill with each of three daily meals for 1 year; the other 10 did not receive this supplementation. Twelve blood vitamin analyses and a Folstein mini mental state examination were performed for each of the 20 subjects before and after 1 year; each subject served as its own control. RESULTS: No improvement in cognitive malfunction was noted despite elevation of blood vitamins. CONCLUSION: Feeding of a high-dose vitamin and mineral supplement for 1 year did not improve cognitive malfunction in non-vitamin-deficient elderly in this study.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blood vitamin levels of long-term adult home total parenteral nutrition patients: the efficacy of the AMA-FDA parenteral multivitamin formulation.

Although the AMA-FDA parenteral adult multivitamin formula is now widely used, there are no published data on the efficacy of this formulation in maintaining adequate vitamin nutriture in patients on long-term parenteral nutrition. Blood levels of its constituent nutrients were determined in 16 clinically stable home total parenteral nutrition patients with severe gastrointestinal dysfunction, the majority of whom had been on home total parenteral nutrition for 1 to 9 yr and most of whom were ingesting some food orally. The daily formula (MVI-12) was added to the basic total parenteral nutrition formula in 2-day batches; the vitamins were thus infused approximately 3 hr after preparation on day 1 and after 27 hr on day 2. The duration of infusions was from 8 to 16 hr. Blood was drawn approximately 36 hr after completion of the last vitamin infusion. Plasma, trichloroacetic acid-treated plasma, and whole blood were frozen until analyzed for the vitamins by microbiologic or chemical methods. All vitamin levels, except for vitamin D metabolites, were measured four times in each patient between the 4th and 36th wk while receiving daily MVI-12. Single determinations of 25-OH and 1:25 (OH)2 vitamin D were made in eight of the 16 patients between the 61st and 84th wk while on MVI-12. Repeat values during this extended period were also made on five of the patients for vitamins A and E. These values were compared with serum vitamin levels obtained on an earlier formulation (MVI concentrate, Berocca C, and folate each given twice weekly and B12 given once weekly). The AMA-FDA formula given daily maintained blood levels above the lower normal limits for most of its constituent vitamins and vitamin D metabolites for the great majority of stable home total parenteral nutrition adults with unexplained occasional exceptions. However, almost half of the vitamin A levels and some of the pantothenate and biotin values were above the normal range; these tended to be associated with the presence of renal disease. Ascorbic acid and thiamin levels tended to be clustered in the lower normal range. Because of evidence for loss of ascorbic acid standing in total parenteral nutrition solutions for 24 hr prior to infusion, it is recommended that the vitamin formulation be added to the total parenteral nutrition solution just prior to infusion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vitamin plasma levels in long-term enteral feeding patients.

Plasma levels of vitamins were determined in eight patients who were nourished with long-term enteral feeding using commercial formulas. The type and quantity of the formula were individually tailored to the patients' needs. Caloric intake (mean +/- SEM) amounted to 1564 +/- 97 kcal/day. Vitamins intake from the formulas, expressed as percent of Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA), was as follows: pantothenic acid, 222 +/- 44%; vitamin B12, 206 +/- 34%; vitamin C, 376 +/- 51%; thiamine, 207 +/- 34%; niacin, 207 +/- 34%; riboflavin, 207 +/- 34%; pyridoxine, 222 +/- 17%; biotin, 113 +/- 13%; vitamin A, 93 +/- 4%; and folic acid, 104 +/- 14%. Plasma levels of thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, folic acid, and vitamin B12 were within normal limits in all patients. Two patients had lower than normal plasma levels of nicotinic acid despite the high intake. Plasma biotin levels were above normal in all patients, with a mean of 931 +/- 140 pg/ml (N: 200-500 pg/ml). Ascorbic acid levels were within or above normal, but no correlation with intake was found. Carotene levels were measured in five patients and found to be below the lower limit of normal, a reflection of lack of intake from the enteral formulas. The plasma vitamin A levels were normal in all patients. It is concluded that feeding with commercial enteral formulas results in normal plasma levels of vitamins in patients maintained on these formulas for over 6 months. The excessive amounts of vitamins in the formulas do not result in elevated plasma levels, except for Biotin.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collagen antibodies and collagen- anticollagen immune complexes in rheumatoid arthritis.

Serum, synovial fluid and synovial fluid cells of 14 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis and of 5 controls were investigated serologically in regard to rheumatoid factors and collagen antibodies and by immunofluorescence double staining in regard to localization of collagen and gammaglobulin in fluid cells. Three patterns of staining were observed: a) gammaglobulin inclusions, b) gammaglobulin and collagen in identical localization, c) collagen inclusions. While distinct staining for gammaglobulin appeared only in seropositive cases, collagen inclusions were only observed in RA, however in seropositive and seronegative cases. In 5 RA cases collagen and gammaglobulin were demonstrated additionally in such identical localization that conclusion in regard to collagen-anticollagen immune complexes seems justified. 9 of 14 RA cases had collagen antibodies, all cases were collagen antibody positive which had collagen and gammaglobulin in identical localization in same inclusions.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The demand for fertility control in sub-Saharan Africa.

Recent fertility surveys in Africa reveal that a striking majority of women want more children, even among those who practice modern contraception, and that modern contraceptive prevalence is still low for women most motivated to avert pregnancy. This analysis suggests that whereas there is, as yet, little indication of change in conditions anticipated to shift the underlying demand for children, uncertainties attached to successful childraising due to risks of infertility, failure to thrive, disability, and divorce strongly favor traditional forms of fertility regulation. The two major means of fertility regulation in Africa--avoidance of next pregnancy in reference to the last born child's survival and rearrangement of the timing and tempo of childrearing through fostering--are not equivalent to modern contraception in purpose or practice. Against these general observations, particular demand for fertility control is identified for groups of women who demonstrate interest in nontraditional forms of fertility regulation at specific lifecycle points. A range of focused family planning activities is proposed to address this demand.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Leucocyte migration inhibition with collagen type I and collagen type III in rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative joint diseases.

The leucocytes of 22 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis were investigated with the direct leucocyte migration inhibition technique in agarose as described by Clausen. The leucocytes of 9 patients with degenerative joint diseases and of 9 healthy persons served as controls. Collagen type I and collagen type III were used as antigens. The leucocytes of 22 patients with rheumatoid arthritis showed in 15 cases a migration inhibition with collagen type III and in 10 cases with collagen type I. The inhibition with collagen type III was stronger and more frequent than with collagen type I. The frequent leucocyte migration inhibition with collagen type III in classic rheumatoid arthritis seems to be an expression of possible cell mediated reactivity against that type of collagen which appears especially in rheumatoid synovial tissue.

Adult↗