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Biomedical subjects

O Ernst

Publications and source records attributed to O Ernst.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Percutaneous biliary prostheses. Type of material and indications].

The results of percutaneous transhepatic endoprosthesis in the treatment of biliary stenosis are discussed on the basis of the reports of the literature and a personal experience of more than 400 patients treated for about 15 years. Advantages and disadvantages of conventional stents as compared with metal endoprosthesis are discussed, the latter being now preferred by most authors. However they do not prove to be more efficient than conventional stents which are suitable for those patients who have a relatively short life expectancy. Percutaneous treatment of benign biliary stenosis has grown as well but the choice of the best procedure remains difficult. Metal endoprostheses are controversial because the risk of delayed obstruction has not yet been clearly evaluated. However it might become an interesting therapeutic procedure in the future.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1995

[Factors of image quality in spiral x-ray computed tomography].

In helical CT, there are 4 mains factors of quality: The in-plane spatial resolution that is the same in conventional CT; The spatial resolution on the Z axis, which is the slice thickness. The increase factor of the slice thickness between a conventional and a helical CT depends on the pitch and the reconstruction algorithm. The value of the increase factor can be easily calculated; The signal to noise ratio which depends on the collimation, the mA, the KV and the reconstruction algorithm. The signal to noise ratio is not depending on the table speed; The reconstruction interval which can be less than the slice thickness. Then the contrast of small lesion is improved and stair-step artifacts are reduced in 3D reformations.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1994

[Absence of subrenal inferior vena cava revealed by rupture of duodenal varices in an adult].

This report concerns a case of absence of caudal inferior vena cava revealed by gastrointestinal bleeding from isolated duodenal varices by an adult. The diagnosis of duodenal varices was performed by ultrasonographic endoscopy. Development of duodenal varices in absence of portal hypertension is uncommon. Involvement of cavo-portal collateral circulation in case of inferior vena cava obstruction is unusual and duodenal varices are still more rarely encountered. Diagnosis was ultimately supported by femoral venous angiography showing the absence of inferior vena cava and a venous return from the right lumbar vein into the portal vein via the duodenal varices. The absence of caudal portion of inferior vena cava is more probably related to neo-natal thrombosis than to a true atresia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral administration of a low-cost negative contrast agent: a three-year experience in routine practice.

A low cost, well tolerated, and effective gastrointestinal contrast agent is needed for abdominal MRI. The authors tested, in vitro and in routine practice, a mixture of 192 g of barium sulfate (Micropaque HD oral, Guerbet, France) diluted in 500 ml of gastric antacid (Maalox, Rohrer, Fort Washington, PA). Its T1 and T2 relaxation times were 324 and 14 msec, respectively (.2 T). This contrast agent was used in routine practice in 789 patients (.5 T). It had a low signal intensity in 86% and 82% of the cases on T1- and T2-weighted sequences, respectively. No side effect due to magnetic susceptibility was seen, even with gradient-echo sequences. The dilution of barium sulfate in gastric antacid, instead of water, causes a low signal intensity on all sequences for a low barium sulfate concentration (38% w/v). This product is an effective and low cost contrast agent in routine practice.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arterial complications of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.

PURPOSE: To report on the frequency and treatment of arterial complications due to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). MATERIALS: Lesions of the intrahepatic artery were encountered in 10 of 525 patients treated by PTBD (2%). Hemobilia followed in 9 patients and subcapsular hematoma in 1. Seven patients had a benign biliary stenosis and 3 had a malignant stenosis. RESULTS: The bleeding resolved spontaneously in 3 patients. In 7 it required arterial embolization, which was successfully achieved either through the percutaneous catheter (n = 3) or by arteriography (n = 4). CONCLUSION: Arterial bleeding is a relatively rare complication of PTBD that can easily be treated by selective arterial embolization when it does not resolve spontaneously. In this series its frequency was much higher (16%) when the stenosis was benign than when it was malignant (0.6%).

Aged↗