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Biomedical subjects

O Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to O Eriksson.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effects of the general anaesthetic Propofol on the Ca2(+)-induced permeabilization of rat liver mitochondria.

The molecular mechanism of the Ca2(+)-induced permeabilization of rat liver mitochondria was evaluated by studying a new effect of the commonly used general anaesthetic Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol). The compound was found to induce an apparent uptake of Ca2+ at steady-state in the Ca2(+)-distribution between the medium and the mitochondria, and to inhibit swelling and release of accumulated Ca2+ induced by inorganic phosphate, t-butyl hydroperoxide, diamide or FCCP plus Ruthenium red. The compound did not stimulate the activity of the Ca2(+)-uniporter and it is concluded that the effects seen are due to the inhibition of the Ca2(+)-dependent, unspecific permeability increase. The results suggest two mechanisms whereby Propofol stabilizes the mitochondrial membrane in the presence of Ca2+: (i) by interaction with the putative pore, thus causing its closure; and (ii) by scavenging of free radicals thus inhibiting its opening during oxidative stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Vaginal immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels in post-menopausal women: influence of oestriol therapy.

The concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the vaginal fluid of 20 untreated post-menopausal women (aged 75.4 +/- 1.4 years) was compared with the levels in a group of 20 post-menopausal women (aged 73.2 +/- 1.5 years) treated with oral oestriol (E3) (2 mg/day) and a further group of 20 healthy, non-pregnant, fertile women (aged 28.2 +/- 1.8 years). Secretory IgA was determined using a paper disc modification of the single radial immunodiffusion technique. The vaginal concentration of IgA in the untreated women was 41.5 +/- 5.7 mg/l, which was higher than that recorded in those treated with E3 (20.8 +/- 5.7 mg/l, P less than 0.05) and in the fertile women (16.4 +/- 3.7 mg/l, P less than 0.01). Epithelial cells predominated in the wet smear preparations obtained from the women who received E3 and the fertile women, while a predominance of leucocytes was observed in the untreated women. Lactobacilli were found more frequently in the vaginal flora of the women in the E3 group (P less than 0.001) and the fertile women (P less than 0.001) than the untreated group. Faecal-type bacteria were seen more frequently in the vaginal flora of the untreated women than the E3 group (P less than 0.01) or the fertile women (P less than 0.001). The possible implications of the present findings with regard to the individual variation in the intensity of symptoms experienced by women suffering from the oestrogen deficiency syndrome are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A health care program for the investigation and treatment of elderly women with urinary incontinence and related urogenital symptoms.

The assessment and treatment of urinary incontinence and related urogenital symptoms using an algorithm model was evaluated in 364 elderly women complaining of urinary incontinence. The women (age 72.1 +/- 1.5 years, range 65-84 years) were assessed by a 48-hour pad test, a cough provocation test, micturition lists and a gynecological examination which included a smear test, measurement of vaginal pH and bacterial cultures. The diagnosis of urinary incontinence was confirmed in 346 women (stress 26.3%; urge: 32.7%; mixed: 41.0%). Women suffering from stress incontinence were younger (p less than 0.05) and had experienced a larger number of deliveries (p less than 0.05) than women with urge incontinence. All the women were treated with oral estriol, 3 mg daily for 4 weeks followed by 1-2 mg daily. The total urinary leakage per 48 hours (p less than 0.01) and maximum single leakage (p less than 0.05) were reduced in women with mixed incontinence, while the frequency of micturition decreased (p less than 0.05) in women with urge incontinence after 12 weeks treatment with oral estriol. There were no significant changes in any of the objective micturition parameters in women with stress incontinence following treatment. Karyopyknotic index and the presence of lactobacilli were increased (p less than 0.001), and vaginal pH decreased (p less than 0.001) following treatment in women with all types of incontinence. More than 70% of all the women treated in this algorithm model judged themselves to be improved, much improved or cured.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Effects of vitamin A on endotoxaemia in rats.

OBJECTIVES: To find out if survival after peritonitis induced by caecal puncture and injection of endotoxin is correlated with serum endotoxin concentrations in rats; whether this study could be carried out by studying the effects of vitamin A in rats with peritonitis; and if it was possible to differentiate between local and systemic effects of vitamin A on endotoxaemia in rats. DESIGN: Prospective randomised study. MATERIAL: Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTIONS: Rats were kept on a diet containing no vitamin A for six days; 30 were given vitamin A 1,380 IU/kg/day intramuscularly and 30 were given peanut oil. Peritonitis was then induced in 16 rats by caecal puncture (treated n = 10, untreated n = 6) and the remainder received intraperitoneal injections of either 0.5 mg/kg endotoxin, or 2.0 mg/kg endotoxin. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Plasma concentrations of vitamin A, vitamin E, and serum concentrations of endotoxin, estimation of erythrocyte volume fraction and leucocyte particle concentrations, and survival. RESULTS: Rats that were given 2 mg of endotoxin had higher mortality and did generally less well than others. Serum endotoxin concentrations were lower in those groups that had been pretreated with vitamin A. No animal developed vitamin A deficiency and there were no differences in erythrocyte volume fraction or leucocyte particle concentration between those that did and did not receive vitamin A. CONCLUSION: Vitamin A lowered the concentration of endotoxin in the circulation, it has a central function in the host's defence against endotoxin, and the experimental model seems suitable for the study of the effect of vitamin A or endotoxemia and peritonitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Low doses of quinine during a short time period are effective for clearance of Plasmodium falciparum in asymptomatic children in Guinea Bissau.

Asymptomatic children in Guinea Bissau were given 5 mg quinine per kg body weight two times daily for 5 days (n = 18) or 3 days (n = 20) for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum. Parasites disappeared within four days after initiation of treatment and remained absent during the first week afterwards. Six children reported adverse reactions, mainly mild tinnitus which disappeared after termination of treatment. Reduced doses of quinine for shorter treatment periods was effective in this study. Further studies in symptomatic patients are needed to elucidate whether this low-dose regimen could be an alternative to chloro-quine in the treatment of P. falciparum in Africa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Quantitative determination of endotoxins on surgical gloves.

The amount of endotoxin on surgical gloves was investigated by the limulus chromogenic substrate method. Heavy endotoxin contamination was observed on the outside of certain surgical gloves sold in Sweden. Given an endotoxin absorption of 10% to the patients, one of the types of gloves studied would cause fever, chills, headache and muscle pain. The amount of endotoxin on the gloves could be minimized by rinsing in endotoxin-free water. We conclude that the manufacturing process of latex gloves should be checked microbiologically for Gram-negative bacteria before sterilization. Alternatively, the amount of endotoxin should be checked on the product by the limulus ameobocyte lysate test before release.

Endotoxins↗
PubMed1990

Effect of oral oestriol on vaginal flora and cytology and urogenital symptoms in the post-menopause.

The effect of oral oestriol (3 mg/day for 4 weeks followed by 2 mg/day for a further 6 weeks) on the vaginal bacterial flora, vaginal cytology and urogenital symptoms was assessed in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 35 women with symptoms of the urogenital oestrogen deficiency syndrome. No significant differences were observed with regard to the occurrence or severity of urogenital symptoms, vaginal pH, karyopyknotic index (KPI) or the baseline results of vaginal bacterial cultures in the 18 patients (mean age 71.6 +/- 1.0 years) treated with oestriol and the 17 women (mean age 72.6 +/- 1.4 years) who received placebo tablets. A decrease in both vaginal pH (P less than 0.001) and the proportion of faecal-type bacteria (P less than 0.05), and an increase in the KPI (P less than 0.01) and the proportion of lactobacilli (P less than 0.001) were recorded after 10 weeks of treatment with oral oestriol. At the end of the following 10 medication-free weeks all of these parameters except vaginal pH had returned to values that were not significantly altered from the corresponding baseline levels. In the patients treated with placebo no significant changes occurred in vaginal pH, KPI or the proportion of lactobacilli in vaginal cultures during the course of this study. Urogenital symptoms improved in both groups after medication (and even after the medication-free period) in relation to the baseline assessment, which reflects the latter's subjective nature.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Endotoxin concentrations in the blood following intravenous injection and effect on prostaglandin F2 alpha release, calcium and bile acids in goats.

Injection of endotoxin from Salmonella typhimurium in male goats resulted in a biphasic release pattern of PGF2 alpha, as determined by 15-ketodihydro-PGF2 alpha concentrations in plasma. A small initial peak at 30 minutes was followed by a second peak one hour after injection. The rectal temperature increased three to five hours after endotoxin injection and calcium concentrations started to decrease soon after injection; a significant decrease was seen from 105 minutes. Endotoxin concentrations varied among the animals but had a tendency to increase three hours after injection, simultaneously with a decrease in bile acid concentrations three hours after injection. The decrease in bile acids indicated alimentary stasis. Therefore, the raised endotoxin levels could be of endogenous origin. This study also shows that the prostaglandin metabolite is a very reliable parameter for estimating the effect of endotoxin.

Animals↗