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Biomedical subjects

O Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to O Eriksson.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

A morphometric expression of differentiation in fine-needle biopsies of breast cancer.

An automated method of particle sizing in fine-needle biopsies of human breast carcinomas is described. The average size of clusters of cells aspirated from breast carcinomas was strongly correlated with cytologic differentiation of the tumors and also with the recurrence rate 3 years after mastectomy so that smaller cluster size was associated with poor differentiation and a poor prognostic outcome. It thus seems possible to express in quantitative terms the degree of differentiation of breast carcinomas.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1981

Multifocal breast carcinoma.

The present study comprises 173 breast cancers in women living in Sweden. Mastectomy was performed and the surgical specimens were thoroughly scrutinized histopathologically with special attention given to the mammary tissue outside the dominant mass. Fifty-two patients (30 percent) had multifocal growth in the same breast as the dominant breast cancer. The patients have been followed up for 3 years after operation and compared with age-matched controls. The multifocal growth was not correlated with age, size of the tumor or death of the patient within 3 years. A previous diagnosis of benign breast disease was significantly more common among the cancer patients than among the controls, although it was unrelated to multifocal growth. This study stresses the importance of considering the high incidence of multifocal growth of breast cancer when discussing treatment by operation less radical than mastectomy.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1981

TULIPS: the Uppsala-Linkoping Image Processing System.

The Uppsala-Linkoping Image Processing System, TULIPS, is described. TULIPS, a hardware-software system designed for cell image processing, was developed at Uppsala University Hospital in cooperation with the Department of Electrical Engineering at Linkoping University. The hardware part of the image processing system is built around a high-speed data bus with a capacity of about 40 M byte/sec connected to a PDP-11/55 host computer. An image memory, an LSI-11 microcomputer and a video interface for displaying the image memory content on a TV monitor are also connected to the high-speed bus. An automated microscope and a "Poulsen processor" for low resolution segmentation, both to be attached to the high-speed bus, are being developed. A monitor and an interpreter for an image processing language have been implemented on the host computer. This software system allows interactive, as well as batch, processing. The degree of user interaction is easily adapted to the user's needs. The image processing language is command oriented, and it is easily expanded by adding new commands. The system has been used both for studies in the field of quantitative microscopy and as a platform for development and testing of new image processing algorithms.

Computers↗
PubMed1980

The reliability of histochemical fibre typing of human necropsy muscles.

The reliability of muscle fibre typing of post mortem specimens was investigated with special reference to the influence of time and temperature. In specimens stored at +4 degrees C, muscle fibre typing could be reliably performed up to at least ten and fifteen days post mortem for the masseter and biceps brachii muscles respectively. The corresponding figures for storage at room temperature were three and six days. The difference in the preservation of enzyme activity between masticatory and limb muscles might be related to the demonstrated difference in the fibre type composition and thus the enzyme content and energy sources.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1979

Analysis of reproducibility of subjective grading systems for breast carcinoma.

The inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of three grading systems for breast cancer has been analysed: those of the World Health Organisation, of Black, and of Hartveit. In addition, the components forming the basis of these grading systems were analysed separately with regard to reproducibility and interrelationship. In this analysis, degree of differentiation was also included as a parameter. The grading systems of WHO and of Black gave a stratification of the material into three categories of tumours, but that of Hartveit did not. All three systems had a low inter- and intra-observer reproducibility. Truncated component analysis indicated that the grading systems of WHO and of Black are closely related to each other and to the 'nuclear lobulation' component of Hartveit's system. The components 'pleomorphism', 'mitotic frequency', and 'hyperchromasia' of the WHO system were closely interrelated. Descriptors such as 'differentiation' and 'tubule formation' were interrelated but acted in a different direction from the others.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

High resolution segmentation of cervical cells.

A major problem in the automation of cervical cytology screening is the segmentation of cell images. This paper presents the present status of the work on that problem at the University of Uppsala. A dual resolution system is used. Suspect malignant cells are located at 4 mu resolution. Each such cell is rescanned at 0.5 mu resolution at two different wavelengths, 530 and 570 nm. The nucleus and the cytoplasm are isolated each by two independent methods. For the nucleus adaptive thresholding in the histogram of the 570 nm image and a contouring in a radially transformed version of that image is used. For the cytoplasm a two dimensional thresholding in the 2D histogram and a contouring in a radially transformed version of the 530 nm image is used. If the two nuclear masks agree the surrounding area is checked for disturbing objects. If also the cytoplasm masks agree and are without disturbing objects the whole cell is accepted. The result of the cytoplasm masks agree and are without disturbing objects the whole cell is accepted. The result of the segmentation is thus three categories; free cells, free nuclei and rejected objects. The shape of the objects belonging to the former two categories is checked and irregularly shaped ones are rejected as probably consisting of several overlapping nuclei. Cells passing also this test are classified as normal or malignant. The experience from using this algorithm is discussed and areas for further research are pointed out.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1978

Special considerations with regard to the dosage of tranexamic acid in patients with chronic renal diseases.

Tranexamic acid is a potent antifibrinolytic drug frequently used in the treatment of haematuria and a number of other haemorrhagic conditions. Since it is eliminated mainly in the urine, the drug accumulates in patients with uraemia. The excretion of tranexamic acid in patients with renal failure has been investigated and dosage recommendations are given for tranexamic acid therapy in cases of renal failure.

Biological Availability↗
PubMed1978

A simplified radioimmunoassay for melatonin and its application to biological fluids. Preliminary observations on the half-life of plasma melatonin in man.

A simplified and rapid radioimmunoassay (RIA) for melatonin is presented. Melatonin is extracted from seru, plasma or urine and RIA is performed by using [3H]melatonin as the tracer. The standard curve covers the range 0.2--4.3 nmol/l. By increasing the sample volume the range can be extended to 0.06 nmol/l. The intra-assay variability is 7% (relative standard deviation = rsd) and the inter-assay variability is 10% (rsd). The recovery of melatonin added to calf serum is 96%. The long term variability of the assay (43 assays on aliquots of one serum sample during 6 months) is 13.5% (rsd). The serum levels in man after one oral dose of 430 mumol melatonin have been measured. The peak value, 620 nmol/l, was noted after 0.5 h and the melatonin concentration was still above the normal range at 24 h (2.1 nmol/l).

Growth Hormone↗
PubMed1978

Computer analysis of cervical cells. Automatic feature extraction and classification.

A prescreening instrument for cervical smears using computerized image processing and pattern recognition techniques requires that single cells in the specimen can be automatically isolated and analyzed. This paper describes a dual wavelength method for automatic isolation of the cytoplasm and nuclei of cells. Density-oriented, shape-oriented and texture-oriented parameters were calculated and evaluated for more than 600 cells. It is shown that the computer can be taught to distinguish between normal and atypical cells with an accuracy of ca. 97%, while human classification reproducibility is ca. 95%. In addition, an attempt to assign a measure of atypia to individual cells is described.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1978

Computerized nuclear morphometry as an objective method for characterizing human cancer cell populations.

A new method for measuring differences in nuclear detail in chrome alum gallocyanin-stained nuclei of cells from human breast cancers was compared with conventional subjective grading and classification systems. The new method, termed computerized nuclear morphometry (CNM), gives a multivariate numerical score that correlates well with nuclear atypia and gives a higher reproducibility of classification than do subjective observations with conventional histological preparations. When 100 individual nuclei from each of 137 breast cancers were examined by CNM, there was a broad CNM score variation between patients but a good reproducibility for each tumor. When different parts of the same tumor were sampled, there was good reproducibility between samples, indicating that some breast cancers at least are "geometrically monoclonal." When these cancers were compared by the grading systems of WHO and Black, correlations of 0.43 and 0.48, respectively, were found. There was a poor correlation between CNM and classifications of tumor type, but in general there were high values for CNM in medullary tumors and low values in mucous tumors. Correlations between CNM and tumor progression and prognosis await future study of patients participating in the study.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

A software system to record and analyze digitized cell images.

This paper describes basic software for digitization and processing of microscopic cell images used at the Department of Clinical Cytology at Uppsala University Hospital. A family of programs running on a PDP-8 minicomputer which is connected to a Leitz Orthoplan microscope with two image scanners, one diode-array scanner and a moving-stage photometer, is used for data collection. The digitized image data is converted by converted by conversion program to IBM compatible format. The data structures for image processing and statistical evaluation on the IBM system are also described. Finally, some experiences from the use of the software in cytology automation are discussed.

Cell Biology↗
PubMed1977

A program system for interactive measurements on digitized cell images.

Using a high precision image scanner and a PDP-8/F minicomputer, we have developed a program system for interactive measurements on microscopic images. By giving simple keyboard commands, the operator can run the image scanner and manipulate the digitized images. The interface between the operator and the microscope-computer system is a Tektronix 4010 graphic terminal. The system allows objects to be isolated and parameters to be calculated from each object, e.g., parameters characterizing shape of the object, irregularity in light transmission over the object, area, integrated light transmission, etc. Objects are isolated and parameters are calculated under complete operator control using interactive computer graphics technique. Calculated parameters may be stored in dedicated data records, which are stored in files for later statistical analysis. The system also includes a statistical evaluation part. Technically, the system consists of a command scanner, which translates commands into internal representation, a parser, which checks the syntax of the commands, and an interpreter, which executes the commands. The system is designed so that new commands can be added easily.

Computers↗
PubMed1976

Radioelectroimmunoassay of anti-D immunoglobulin on agarose plates containing whole red cells.

By incorporating whole Rh(+) red cells in an agarose plate and adding a small amount of purified 125I anti-D immunoglobulin as a tracer to standards and samples, a radioelectroimmunoassay (REIA) of anti-D immunoglobulin was possible. The results by this method agree with those obtained by the direct method. The coefficient of variation (within plate precision) is less than 9% and the reproducibility is 12% (coefficient of variation for a plasma sample assayed on six occasions during 1 month). The International anti-D serum was compared with the WHO standard preparation 68/419 on five occasions and found to contain 11; 11; 10; 9 and 11 mug per ampoule.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1976

Diffusion of tranexamic acid to the joint.

Tranexamic acid (Cyklokapron, Kabi, Stockholm) in a dose of 10 mg per kg body weight was given i.v. to 17 patients at various intervals before operation on the knee joint, in order to elucidate the diffusion of the drug to the joint fluid and the synovial membrane. The acid diffused rapidly to both the above tissues, and in the joint fluid it reached the same concentration as in the serum. The biologic half-time in the joint fluid was about 3 hours. In the treatment of joint bleedings in hemophiliacs and in association with intra-articular operations on such patients tranexamic acid is a suitable supplement to conventional substitution therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Cardiopulmonary function in former girl swimmers and the effects of physical training.

Sixteen former girl swimmers were studied in 1971 before and after 12 weeks of physical training. These girls constituted a representative selection from a group of 30 girls swimmers studied in 1961 (3). Maximal oxygen uptake increased by 14%, to 2.47 l/min, whereas heart volume and vital capacity remained unchanged. Cardiac output and intrapulmonary gas exchange were also studied in 6 girls. Cardiac output in maximal exercise was 15.3 l/min; heart rate, 185 beats/min; stroke volume, 83 ml; and the arteriovenous oxygen diffence, 15.6 ml/100 ml. The stroke volume did not show the usually good correlation with heart volume. Normal values for V-E/V-O2, V-A/VO-2, V-A/Q, and PAO2-Pao2 were found both at rest and during exerice. The increase in maximal oxygen uptake after training was related to the increase in stroke volume. No increase was found in values for pulmonary gas exchange nor in the maximal arteriovenous oxygen difference. The results obtained suggest that a long period of previous intense physical training does not significantly influence the maximal aerobic power later in life when again sedentary. Moreover, the observed increase of 14% in VO2, max after 12 weeks of training may not be large enough to prove any advantageous effects when training is resumed.

Carbon Dioxide↗