Biomedical subjects

O Ekberg

Publications and source records attributed to O Ekberg.

206 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Radiographic findings after cricopharyngeal myotomy.

Single film examinations (iodine and/or barium) were reviewed in 28 patients who had undergone surgery on the cricopharyngeal muscle due to Zenker diverticula (24 patients), cricopharyngeal muscle incoordination (3 patients) and pharyngoesophageal web (one patient). All patients had had a myotomy which included the cricopharyngeal muscle and up to 3 cm of the cervical esophagus. Lateral and anterior deviation of the pharynx and cervical esophagus occurred regularly. A pharyngocutaneous fistula developed in 2 patients which healed within 3 weeks. In 5 patients there was a posterior leak of contrast medium during the first postoperative week which healed within 2 weeks. Six of these seven patients with a fistula or a leak had had either a diverticulum removed or sustained an accidental mucosal perforation. No patient had recurrence of diverticula, although, 9 patients developed a cricopharyngeal muscle impression. Iodine and barium examinations are important for monitoring early and late postoperative changes after cricopharyngeus myotomy.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Herniographic appearance of the lateral inguinal fossa.

Herniography frequently reveals clinically undetected groin hernia. Thereby herniography contributes to the clinical work-up in patients with obscure groin pain. However, the distinction between clinically important and unimportant abnormalities within the lateral inguinal fossa can be difficult. This study was therefore designed in order to elucidate the herniographic appearance of the lateral inguinal fossa in patients with obscure groin pain. Herniographic findings were compared with laterality of the patients' symptoms. The lateral umbilical fold was visible in only 47 per cent of the groins. A triangular shaped outpouching from the lateral inguinal fossa and a patent processus vaginalis were found with equal frequency on the left and right side. They were five times as frequent in men as in women. Their presence did not correlate with laterality of the patients' symptoms. Indirect hernias were almost twice as common on the symptomatic side as compared with the asymptomatic side. On the left side they were found twice as often in men as in women while there was no significant sex difference on the right side. Our results show that neither a patent processus vaginalis nor a triangular outpouching from the lateral inguinal fossa correlate with the laterality of the patients' symptoms while true indirect hernias do.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Direct diverticular inguinal hernia.

Nineteen patients with direct diverticular inguinal hernia (DDIH) were examined with herniography and surgically explored. A lump medially in the groin and pain were the prominent clinical manifestations in 18 patients. Physical examination indicated the presence of a DDIH in 6 patients. In 16 patients herniography revealed hernial sacs protruding from the supravesical fossa in 5 and from the medial inguinal fossa in 11. At operation a circumscribed defect was found in the transverse fascia laterally and cranially to the pubic tubercle in all patients. In 16 patients peritoneal hernial sacs were demonstrated at surgery while in 3 only lipomas (fatty hernia) were contained within the defect. In our opinion DDIH is a specific variety of inguinal hernia with a fairly typical clinical presentation and radiographic appearance but probably often overlooked at surgery.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reliability of ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy of pancreatic masses.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNB) was performed with ultrasound guidance in 79 patients in whom sonography had revealed a mass suggesting pancreatic malignancy. The final diagnosis (surgery, autopsy and clinical course) in 69 of these 79 patients was a malignancy closely related to the pancreas while in the remaining 10 patients benign disease was confirmed. A correct diagnosis of malignancy was attained by FNB in 59 of the 69 patients with a malignant tumour while in 10 it failed to confirm the diagnosis. FNB yielded a true negative result in 10 patients with benign disease. The accuracy of sonographically guided FNB in the present investigation was 87 per cent. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy is considered the method of choice for further evaluation of pancreatic masses.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Radiologic diagnosis in traumatic rupture of the right diaphragm. Report of a case.

A case of right-sided diaphragmatic rupture due to blunt trauma is reported. The diagnosis was confirmed by sonography and diagnostic pneumoperitoneum. Ultrasonography was of great value by showing a discontinuous, 'flapping' ruptured diaphragm. Computed tomography was of no value. It was concluded that when right-sided diaphragmatic rupture is suggested sonographic examination should be performed. If the sonographic examination is non-diagnostic, a pneumoperitoneum should follow.

Diaphragm↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Radiography of pressure ulcers.

In patients with longstanding and/or deep pressure ulcers radiology is usually consulted. Survey radiography and sinography in 14 patients with pressure ulcers (6 over the tuber ischii and 8 over the femoral trochanter) were evaluated. Osteomyelitic involvement of adjacent bone was revealed in 9 patients on survey radiography. However, it was usually impossible to assess whether or not bony involvement represents healed or active osteomyelitis. Sinography did not contribute to the assessment of whether or not adjacent cortical bone was involved. However, when a fistulation to an adjacent joint was revealed this contributed substantially to the preoperative planning of resection. We therefore recommend that survey radiography and sinography should be included in the evaluation of these patients but that the results from such examinations are critically evaluated. Joint involvement should be taken seriously as progression of septic arthritis usually occurs rapidly.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Abdominal aortic dilatation in patients operated on for carotid artery stenosis.

The prevalence of abdominal aortic dilatation among 201 men and 86 women who underwent carotid endarterectomy in 1971-1982 was studied from the date of operation to the end of 1984. Of the 109 patients who died during this time, 96 were autopsied, and 13 (13.5%) of them had aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Ultrasonographic screening of the abdominal aorta was performed on 154 survivors, and showed dilatation in 17 (11%), 12/100 men and 5/54 women. The prevalence of hypertension, intermittent claudication, diabetes mellitus and coronary insufficiency at the time of endarterectomy did not differ between the patients with or without aortic aneurysm or dilatation. Patients who have undergone endarterectomy of the internal carotid artery constitute a group with high prevalence of abdominal aortic dilatation.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cineradiography in closed and open pharyngeal swallow.

The pattern of swallowing by which the oral bolus reaches an air-containing oropharynx is called an 'open swallow' whereas the sequence in which the oropharynx is collapsed on the arrival of the bolus is called a 'closed swallow'. The significance of this distinction was further analyzed by a correlation with other laryngeal and pharyngeal functions during swallowing in a cineradiologic study in 75 dysphagic patients and 50 asymptomatic volunteers. The relative incidence of open and closed type swallows was similar in the two groups. The maximum elevation of the pharynx and larynx was the same in open and closed swallow, although in individuals with an open swallow the elevation occurred later than in individuals with a closed swallow. Epiglottic movement disturbances, defective closure of the laryngeal vestibule, pharyngeal constrictor muscle paresis, cricopharyngeal incoordination, cervical esophageal webs and Zenker diverticula were significantly more common in individuals with an open pharyngeal swallow than in those with closed swallowing.

Adult↗