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Biomedical subjects

O Eiken

Publications and source records attributed to O Eiken.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Idiopathic avascular necrosis of the scaphoid. Case report.

Avascular necrosis may affect a number of different bones. In the wrist necrosis of the lunate (Kienböck's disease) is a well known entity. A rarely seen but analogous condition may, however, also affect the scaphoid (Preiser's disease). The mechanism producing ischemia is unknown, although in most cases the initiating event is mostly likely loss of blood supply by a mechanical insult. Two cases of idiopathic avascular necrosis of the scaphoid are reported, manifested by insidious wrist pain and progressing roentgenologic changes. Despite early diagnosis and prolonged immobilization irreversible collapse of the affected bone could not be prevented.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Malignant hemangioendothelioma of metacarpal bones.

Malignant hemangioendothelioma is a tumour of vascular origin with wide distribution in various organs and tissues of the body. However, it is seldom localized primarily in bone. In this report our experience with a case of primary multifocal malignant hemangioendothelioma of the metacarpal bones is reported. Because of the focal pattern of malignancy excisional biopsy failed to give the diagnosis which was not established until the tumour was radically removed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Tuberculosis of the hand. Case report.

Three patients with tuberculosis of the hand are reported. In each patient the onset and course of the disease was insidious and the diagnosis was obscured by lack of systemic symptoms and the absence of other foci of infection. The diagnosis was established only after open biopsy and synovial tissue culture. The wounds healed without complications even prior to appropriate chemotherapy. Combined conservative and surgical treatment resulted in definitive cure of the local manifestation in two of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Palmaris longus-tenodesis for hyperextension of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint.

Hyperextension of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint may be congenital or result from an injury to the volar ligamentary system. The usual complaints are local pain, joint instability and weakness of the pinch and grip. The present paper describes a simple method of correcting this instability by using a palmaris longus-tenodesis as a hyperextension checkrein for the joint.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Hemangioma of the lunate (Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome). Case report.

An intraosseous hemangioma of the lunate was diagnosed as the cause of wrist complaints. At angiography considerable arteriovenous shunting within the bone was shown. Replacement of the lunate by a SILASTIC implant relieved the pain. The intraosseous hemangioma, however, appeared to be only a part of more wide-spread disease which fulfilled the criteria for a Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Restoration of the digital tendon sheath. A new concept of tendon grafting.

The repair of flexor tendons which have been divided within the digital sheath remains an unsolved problem. Adhesions occur at would sites and points of tendon trauma. It is well known that an intact digital canal prevents formation of adhesions. Previous studies in chickens have shown that autologous tendon sheath tissue can successfully be transplanted from one digit to another with preserved vitality and that by this technique the continuity of an injured tendon sheath can be restored. The present series represent a clinical application of this new concept. 40 patients with flexor tendon injuries within the critical zone in the finger were treated by the use of a two-stage tendon grafting procedure. In the first stage operation the continuity of the tendon sheath was restored by transplantation of autologous synovial tissue. In the second procedure 3 months later a conventional tendon grafting was performed. Using the criteria of Boyes & Stark (1971) successful results were obtained in 88%. It can be concluded that the present method of tendon grafting provides a favourable recipient bed and improved gliding conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Flexor tendon specimens in organ cultures.

The healing process of sectioned and subsequently sutured rabbit tendon segments was studied over a period of 3 weeks, using an organ culture technique. In one series, the tendon specimens were exposed to a chemically defined culture medium for nutrition. In two control series, the specimens were kept in the synovial cavity of the knee joint for varying periods of time, before being transferred to the culture medium. The tendons remained viable in the medium. The superficial tendon cells demonstrated the morphological characteristics of fibroblasts, but cellular fibroplasia could not be detected. The two control series subjected to synovia prior to transfer into the culture medium showed superficial repair similar to the findings in previous studies on healing capacity of tendon nourished by synovia. The investigation supports the hypothesis that superficial tendon cells are fibroblasts with a potential for repair and that synovia is an efficient nutrient medium. Thus, the beneficial effects on repair exercised by the tendon sheath function should be utilized in flexor tendon surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Radius shortening in malacia of the lunate.

Eight patients with malacia of the lunate treated by shortening of the radius have been reviewed after follow-up ranging from 2 to 7 years. The results were highly satisfactory and only one patient with fragmentation and collapse of the diseased bone did not obtain long-lasting pain relief. In all cases the progressive collapse of the lunate was arrested, an effect which is considered to be the result of reduced pressure on the lunate obtained by the radius shortening procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Carpal bone cysts: a clinical and radiographic study.

In order to analyse and correlate the clinical and radiographic features of intracarpal bone cysts a review of 80 cysts in 77 patients is presented. Some cysts were found to develop very slowly from an area of trabecular fading to a well-defined cavity, bordered by a zone of radiopacity. Pain was constantly correlated to cysts with marginal sclerosis and at operation these cysts were found to be made up of fibrous tissue with mucoid changes. Most cysts were located in the scaphoid and lunate which are known to have vulnerable vascular supplies. These bones are also exposed to heavy load during power grip. It is, therefore, plausible that these cysts are caused by intramedullary vascular disturbances, followed by bone resorption and fibroblastic proliferation, and that pain is elicited by increasing pressure inside the cyst.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Implant arthroplasty of the scapho-trapezial joint.

Degenerative changes in the scapho-trapezial-trapezoidal (ST) joint may occur as an isolated process or more frequently as a dominant part of pantrapezial degenerative joint affections. In the present study results of surgery on 24 hands with isolated degenerative changes in the ST joint have been assessed. Arthrodesis was previously the sole procedure and has resulted in normal hand function in those cases where bony union was achieved without complications. The ST joint is difficult to fuse, however, and prolonged immobilization implies obvious risks of rigidity and impaired hand function. During the last 5 years a new technique for implant arthroplasty of the ST joint has been tried. The distal articular surface of the scaphoid has been resected and replaced with a heat-molded silicone rubber implant. In the present paper the method is presented and anatomical and technical points and pitfalls are discussed. It is concluded that implant arthroplasty may become a useful method for treatment of isolated ST arthrosis provided that the implant material will tolerate the compressive stress created during pinch.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The healing process of transplanted digital tendon sheath synovium. Experimental autoradiographic studies in chickens.

The present investigation is a sequel to a previous report on the composition and fate of the pseudo-sheath formed by secondary healing, and of free tendon sheath autografts covering defects in the digital tendon sheaths of chickens (Eiken & Rank, 1977). Autoradiography was used to determine graft survival and cell regeneration. The distribution of labelled cells indicated that the granulation tissue of secondary healed defects formed around implanted Silastic rods consists of fibrous scar tissue. The tendon sheath autografts, on the other hand, were found to survive, demonstrating a well-preserved synovial surface. These findings probably imply new concepts of tendon surgery. The Silastic rod induced some foreign body reaction in the healing synovium. It is assumed that this reaction is reversible, but this could not be established in the present investigation. Further study is being made of this problem.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Replacement of carpal bones with exact-fitting silicone rubber implants. An experimental study.

In a pilot study in dogs, carpal bones were removed and replaced with silicone rubber implants fashioned to fit exactly into the space left by the excision. The implants were fabricated from Dow Corning MDX-4-4210 and Silastic 399 Medical Grade Elastomers. Bone cement was used for the cast and the mould was made of alginate or plaster of Paris. It was intended to replace the bone in a one-stage procedure. MDX-4-4210 was found unsuitable because adequate cure could only be achieved in about 5 hours, even when accelerated with external heating. Silastic 399 cured rapidly and was ideal for the experiment. Implants of exact fitting were fabricated, sterilized and inserted within 1--2 hours. 6 dogs were used and the follow-up period ranged from 1 to 7 months. The results were good in 5 and unsatisfactory in 1 dog because of postoperative infection. The method presented permits exact reproduction of the excised part, which guarantees an accurate fitting and consequently reduced risk of implant rotation and migration.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Experimental restoration of the digital synovial sheath.

The digital synovial sheath constitutes an important component of the delicate mechanism of flexor tendon nutrition and gliding function, In the present study the true nature of the inner cell layers of secondary healed defects in the tendon sheath as well as of free tendon sheath autografts were studied. Leghorn chickens were used as experimental animals and the gradual development of the pseudosheath as well as the healing of sheath autografts were studied both macroscopically and histologically including transmission electron miscroscopy. Synovial regeneration by extension from intact parts of the sheath was never observed and the pseudosheath formed around silastic rods consisted of granulation tissue with fibroblasts and macrophages. The free tendon sheath autografts demonstrated a normal process of healing at the edges of the defect. Synovial regeneration appeared to be that of metaplasia and proliferation of fibroblasts and macrophages. This phenomenon was demonstrable both in the secondary healed defects and more convincingly in the sheath autografts. Further, the silastic rod was found to induce foreign body reaction in the healing synovium. It is concluded that grafting of autologous tendon sheath tissue seems to be a promising method for restoration of defects in the digital tendon sheath.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Synovium as a nutritional medium in tendon grafting.

The mechanism of tendon healing and the role played by the synovial sheath are still obscure and controversial. In the present experimental study free tendon grafts were nourished by synovial fluid only. By morphological and cytochemical techniques viable cells were found in the superficial zones of the tendon, capable of both proliferation and production and production of new collagen. This repair process affected predominantly the ends of the grafts. At the centre of the specimens degenerative changes appeared to an increasing extent throughout the observation period of 12 weeks. Adhesions to the surrounding tissues did not form. It is concluded that fibroblasts, most probably originated from the superficial cell layers of the tendon are capable of regeneration and synthesis of new collagen and that synovial fluid plays an important role in the metabolic exchange of the superficial scantily vascularized areas of the tendon. The observations are discussed in relation to the present concepts of tendon surgery.

Acid Phosphatase↗