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Biomedical subjects

O Chosidow

Publications and source records attributed to O Chosidow.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Cutaneous side effects associated with interleukin 2 administration for metastatic melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous changes associated with recombinant interleukin 2 (r IL-2) administration are frequent but have been rarely studied in a large series. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed these clinical, microscopic, and immunologic changes. METHODS: Patients with metastatic melanoma treated with r IL-2 were studied. The eruption was scored as mild or severe. Biopsy specimens were obtained for histopathology, ultrastructural analysis, and immunophenotyping. Chi-square and t tests were used for statistics. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were included. Eruptions were observed in 56 of 78 cycles (72%); 53 were mild with a burning pruriginous erythema, and 3 were severe with urticaria, necrotic lesions, and blisters. Regression was constant without sequelae. Pathologic changes were mild with a mononuclear cell infiltrate of activated helper T phenotype, expressing LFA-1. Keratinocytes and endothelial cells displayed intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and HLA-DR. Cells rarely expressed CD25. CONCLUSION: Administration of r IL-2 triggers non-treatment-limiting cutaneous inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Protein S deficiency in a patient with necrotizing cellulitis.

A case of necrotizing cellulitis of the penis is reported. In this patient, transient functional protein S deficiency during the infectious process was demonstrated with a marked decrease of free protein S and elevated C4b-binding protein levels. Moreover, by investigating other members of this patient's family it was possible to demonstrate a subclinical inherited protein S deficiency. In this study it is suggested that the profound and transient decrease of functional protein S observed in this patient during infectious cellulitis, may have contributed to the pathogenesis of tissue necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Evolving pattern of drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis.

A series of 90 consecutive cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) observed in a single center between 1985 and March 1991 was compared to a previous series from the same institution in order to look for changes in the characteristics of the patients and in the drug etiology. The most salient change was the high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among patients with TEN (20/90). This high rate of HIV infection was linked to two other changes: higher number of male patients leading to an equilibrated sex ratio and an increased role of sulfonamides-mainly sulfadiazine-as etiologic agents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

[Necrotizing fasciitis, caused by Neisseria meningitidis, simultaneously involving an arm and a leg].

INTRODUCTION: Necrotizing fasciitis is usually due to Streptococcus species but can be caused by a variety of organisms, among which Neisseria species are distinctly rare, as only four cases have been reported in the literature. CASE REPORT: We report the first case of Neisseria meningitidis necrotizing fasciitis in a non-immunocompromised man, with a possibly predisposing effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Neisseria meningitidis group C was isolated from subcutaneous and bullae aspirates. The involvement of two distant sites strongly suggests hematogenous dissemination of the microorganism. Four previous cases of fasciitis caused by Neisseria species are reviewed. CONCLUSION: Although Streptococcus group A is the main cause of apparently primary necrotizing fasciitis, Neisseria meningitidis must be considered a possible etiologic agent of this severe soft tissue infection.

Arm↗
PubMed1993

[Diffuse cholesterol embolism after fibrinolysis for myocardial infarction].

The authors report the case of a 57 year old man admitted to hospital 3 hours after the onset of an infero-latero-basal infarct who underwent thrombolytic therapy with intravenous streptokinase, in whom the immediate outcome was complicated by multiple cholesterol embolisation which cause renal failure, mesenteric ischemia, medullary ischemia and livedo reticulosis of the lower half of the body complicated by gangrene of the toes, despite the fact that cardiac catheterisation had not been performed. This case (fifth reported case) of multiple cholesterol embolisation from the abdominal aorta caused by thrombolysis is the earliest presentation of this complication in the literature.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1992

Sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease. Analysis of seven cases.

BACKGROUND: Sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease is a disabling complication after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from HLA-identical sibling donors. Only a few series of patients have been reported and the dermatologic features have never been extensively described. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to describe clinical and biologic features of chronic sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease and to compare them with scleroderma. METHODS: We reviewed 196 patients grafted between April 1973 and July 1987 with survival times sufficient to be at risk of chronic graft-versus-host disease. Seven had the sclerodermatous form. RESULTS: Most patients had disseminated sclerosis of the trunk and the proximal portions of the limbs. In two cases, atrophy of the skin was predominant, corresponding with a severe clinical evolution. Periorbital pigmentation was observed as an initial manifestation in three cases. Visceral manifestations resembled those observed in scleroderma but histologic and immunologic studies demonstrated clear differences. Response to therapy was variable. CONCLUSION: Chronic sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease may realize two different patterns. Major atrophy is associated with a more severe progression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Drug-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome) in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.

BACKGROUND: Although patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are predisposed to cutaneous adverse drug reactions, only a few cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) have been reported in this setting. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to examine the features of TEN in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of all HIV-infected patients in a series of 80 consecutive cases of TEN during a 6-year period. RESULTS: Fourteen patients were HIV infected. They had typical TEN, with epidermal detachment involving 20.6% +/- 8.0% of the skin surface. Suspected drugs were sulfadiazine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, sulfadoxine, clindamycin, phenobarbital, and chlormezanone. Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) exhibit a dramatically increased risk of TEN. During our study period 15 cases of AIDS-associated TEN occurred in the greater Paris area, whereas 0.04 case would have been expected if the incidence of TEN were the same in these patients as in the general population. CONCLUSION: HIV-infected patients, especially those with AIDS, may develop TEN that shares many similarities with the disease in immunocompetent patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗