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Biomedical subjects

O Charfi

Publications and source records attributed to O Charfi.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Simultaneous bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. 7 case studies].

PURPOSE: Simultaneous bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are rare. The purpose of our study was to examine the incidence, predictive factors, surgical results and prognosis of these retinal detachments. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 468 consecutive patients, 7-89 years of age (mean, 45.7 years), undergoing surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment between 1993 and 2000. RESULTS: During this period, a total of 497 operations for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were done. Thirty-two patients had bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Simultaneous detachments were observed in seven patients (1.5%). In four cases, the diagnosis of retinal detachment was fortuitous. In fact, most patients presented with unilateral symptoms. The mean age (35 years) of patients suffering from simultaneous bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was younger than that of patients with unilateral or consecutive bilateral retinal detachments. Five patients were myopic. Multiple round retinal holes were the most frequent lesions responsible for retinal detachment. A preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy was found in 57% of cases. The retina was reattached in nine cases (81%). CONCLUSION: Simultaneous bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is usually found in relatively young myopic patients with atrophic retinal holes. They are rare but severe because of their frequent association with preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Corneal lesions caused by caterpillar hairs: four case studies].

Caterpillar hairs disseminated by the wind can cause serious ocular problems in humans. We present 4 cases of corneal lesions caused by caterpillar hairs. Intense functional signs observed in exposed subjects should bring this diagnosis to mind. The severity of this affection is due to the possibility of intraocular migration, even many years after the first accident. Treatment consists of removing the caterpillar hair associated with an antibiotic and local anti-inflammatory treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Management of posteriorly dislocated lenses: a report on 18 cases].

The posterior dislocation of the lens is a relatively frequent complication of ocular trauma. Treatment is medical, surgical and optical. The authors present a retrospective study of 18 patients (18 eyes) operated between January 1990 and December 1999 for a posterior dislocation of the lens. The age of the patients varied from 9 to 60 years, with a mean of 46 years. The etiology of the dislocation was an eye contusion in 15 cases and spontaneous dislocation in 3 cases. Vitrectomy was performed in all the patients, followed by extraction of the lens using one of two methods Results were good in both groups, with a final visual acuity better than 1/10 in 11 cases out of 18. Complications were substantially fewer than when using old techniques and included 4 cases of hypertonia, 3 cases of corneal edema, 2 cases of retinal detachment, and 1 case of macular edema. All of these complications were treated medically and/or surgically. The authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages of all lens extraction techniques and the benefits of the use of perfluorocarbon liquid in the treatment of the dislocated lens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Epidemiologic study of refractive errors in schoolchildren in socioeconomically deprived regions in Tunisia].

PURPOSE: This study's purpose was to estimate the prevalence of common refractive errors in schoolchildren in low socioeconomic regions in Tunisia and to assess their effect on school performance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study done from November 1999 to January 2000 within the context of health care screening campaigns carried out by volunteer ophthalmologists and opticians in low-end socioeconomic regions in Tunisia. The concerned population was schoolchildren living in the cities of Tunis and Tabarka (North), Kerkena (Center), and Tozeur (South). We examined a total of 708 children with a mean age of 11.9 +/-3.21 years (from 6 to 20 years) and a sex ratio of 0.84. A cycloplegic refraction examination was performed on all the children. Statistical analyses with the chi squared test and the Fisher exact test allowed us to calculate the prevalence of the refractive errors totally and separately as well as the distribution according to age, sex, and region. We also searched for a possible relation between refractive errors and academic failure. RESULTS: Among the 708 children, 57.2% [CI(95)=53.4-60] had refractive errors, of which 31.6% [CI(95)=28.2-35.2] were hyperopic, whereas 9.1% [CI(95)=7.1-11.5] were myopic. Astigmatism was found in 16.4% [CI(95)=13.7-19.3]. The prevalence of myopia was significantly higher after the age of fourteen. It increased significantly with age (P=0.0003). The prevalence of hyperopia was significantly higher between the ages of 8 and 11 (P=0.0004). Hyperopic astigmatism was significantly more frequent between 6 and 9 years of age (P=0.001). There was no significant difference regarding sex. However, the distribution of the refractive errors by region showed a significantly high level of myopia in Tunis, Kerkena, and Tozeur. This difference disappeared with increasing age. The study of the effect of these refractive errors on school performance of these children from poor areas showed a significant association between all types of refractive errors and academic failure, with an odds ratio of 2.13 for all types of refractive errors, 2.69 for hyperopia, 2.87 for myopia, and 2.73 for astigmatism. CONCLUSION: This study showed the prevalence of refractive errors in a poor population of schoolchildren and emphasized the importance of such examinations. The ability of a child to participate in the educational experience is at least partially dependent on good vision.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Malignant glaucoma and severe myopia. Report of a case].

Malignant glaucoma is a rare and dramatic complication that occurs more frequently after glaucoma filtration surgery for angle closure glaucoma and rarely for open angle glaucoma. We report a case of a highly myopic monocular 38-year-old woman, with a primary open angle glaucoma who developed malignant glaucoma in the first postoperative days of a trabeculectomy. Treatment consisted of extracapsular cataract extraction and vitrectomy, with the removal of the anterior hyaloid and preventive circular buckling. Late postoperative events have been marked by the occurrence of anterior synechiae and residual hypertension. We discuss the pathogenesis of malignant glaucoma, its management and the results of the different therapeutic procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The cornea and synthetic antimalarials].

The main targets of antimalarial ocular toxicity are the cornea, ciliary body and retina. In sixty patients treated with chloroquine (Nivaquine) 73% showed keratopathy. The clinical features and clinical course of this keratopathy and its relationship with retinopathy were described. In contrast with retinopathy, keratopathy is not contraindication to antimalarial treatment.

Adolescent↗