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Biomedical subjects

O C Mungiu

Publications and source records attributed to O C Mungiu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Experimental data on pharmacological effects of new phenothiazine derivatives].

A variety of triazoles and thiadiazoles linked to the N-atom of the phenothiazine through a two carbon atoms chain have been submitted to preliminary toxicological screening (DL50 and DMT). Two derivatives have been selected for the specific pharmacological evaluation. It has been noted a diminution of the exploratory capacity without the muscle tonus, the balance and the capacity of becoming normal again of the tested animals (mice and rats) being affected.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Bioactive polymers 54. Pharmacological properties of modified neomycin.

Modified neomycin prepared by the ionic coupling on xanthan with an activity of 380 UI/mg was characterized in regard to its in vitro and in vivo release rate and therapeutic action with artificial tear eluent. The dynamic system in vitro release showed that after 4 h, there appears a "zero-order" kinetic. Ophthalmic inserts were prepared from modified neomycin and they are used in treating bacterial conjunctivitis. Sterilization of the conjunctival sac is obtained 12 h after insert administration.

Conjunctivitis, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Opioid tolerance and dependence--pharmacological aspects].

Prolonged opioids administration leads inevitably to tolerance and dependence, a phenomenon we meet more often in healthy people than in ill patients. Tolerance means a hypersensibility of neuronal membranes as well as changes in the number and affinity of opioid receptors, which implies intake of larger doses to obtain the initial effect. Physical dependence, quite different of the psychological one, is the appearance of abstinence syndrome on sudden interruption of opioid administration or on administration of an antagonist. There is usually cross-tolerance in opioids, but it can also be incomplete, when the initial opioid can be replaced with another one that produces a milder abstinence syndrome. Classically, metadone is used in long time therapy, after detoxification with an antagonist is performed (naloxon, naltrexon). Modern pharmacological alternatives are levo-alpha-acetyl-methadol (LAAM) and agonists-antagonists (butorphanol, buprenorphine, pentazocine, nalbuphine). An antagonist can also be used if associated with an alpha--stimulant (clonidine), in order to remove noradrenergic manifestations of abstinence syndrome. Now other therapeutical principles are being studied: enkephalinaze inhibitors to reduce the abstinence syndrome, NMDA receptor antagonists, NO sintetasis inhibitors, that facilitates opioid analgesia and hinders tolerance development; colecystokinin-receptors agonists or antagonists to reduce tolerance on morphine. A recent study showed that the concomitant administration of an opioid agonist (sufentanil) and a calcium channels blocker (nimodipine) not only prevents from tolerance development but also triggers hypersensibility to analgesic effects of the opioid.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New technical approaches in stereotaxic catheterization of cerebral ventriculi: implications for the L-arginine/NO synthase/nitric oxide cascade.

In order to study the actions of certain substances at cerebral level, a stereotactic device for ensuring a precise catheterization of points in certain cerebral areas was used. For the operation technique was used a stereotaxic atlas specifically designed for rat brain (G. Paxinos, C. Watson, 1998), which offers all the necessary information for the identification of the trepanation. Stereotaxic implantation of cannules in the brain is useful for microinjecting solutions containing various substances (in amounts of microl), directly and targeted in the anatomical structures of the brain. The technique described can use either metalic or silastic cannules, that have variable lumen (usually for adapting a Hamilton syringe). The cannules can be implanted at cerebroventricular level, having the possibility to target all the cerebral ventricles. The intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of L-arginine induces a significant increase of response latency for mechano-algesic test. The most obvious changes are induced following the administration of the association of L-NAME with L-arginine, situation when is manifested an important increase of the response latency, starting with 5 minutes post-administration and continuing up to 45 minutes determination. The increase is significantly higher compared with the results obtained with L-arginine alone. A similar evolution is registered in the case of the plantar test.

Analgesics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental data regarding the implications of certain minimum structure enkephalin-like peptides in nociceptive processing.

The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of the amino acidic sequence at N-terminal end of certain minimum structure enkephalin-like peptides for the analgesic activity. Different groups of mice or rats were treated with 1) L-tyrosine (i.p. 200 mg/kg), 2) Tyr-Phe (i.t. 0.5 mg/rat), 3) Tyr-Pro-Phe (i.t. 0.5 mg/rat), 4) Gly-Tyr (i.t. 0.5 mg/rat), 5) Tyr-Gly-Gly (i.t. 0.5 mg/rat). Different tests were utilized to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of the substances tested: thermal nociception (hot plate test, plantar test), mechanical nociception (analgesymeter test). Tyr-Pro-Phe, Tyr-Gly-Gly, Tyr-Phe, but not Gly-Tyr, elicited analgesic activity. So, the presumption made in the case of atypical opioid peptides that opioid-like activity in case of peptides presumes a tyrosine residue at the N-terminal sequence, applies for shorter peptides. It appears also that minimal structure brain peptides with an N-terminal Tyr-Pro, rather than the Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe sequence typical of other endogenous opioids, can provide better affinity for the opioid receptors and stronger analgesic activity. The inhibition of their analgesic effect by previous administration of naloxone proves that this effect is mediated through the endogenous opioid system.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The action of xanthinol nicotinate on the central and peripheral arterial pressure and on respiration in dogs].

The pharmaceutical trial in dogs on the influence the Romanian pharmaceutical product xanthinol nicotinate has on the cardiovascular system (central and peripheric blood pressure, venous pressure, EKG) and respiratory system rendered evident a hypotensive effect in direct ratio to the dose, prevalently peripheric, without significant changes in respiratory amplitude. It is concluded that the Romanian product has similar effects to those described in the literature for xanthinol nicotinate.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The evaluation of the teratogenesis and embryotoxicity of the pharmaceutical product Boicil tablets. I. The effect of the pharmaceutical product Boicil tablets on fertilization and implantation in rats and mice].

The teratogen action of Boicil tablets was studied in two animal species, rats and mice, the prefertilization and implantation stages being the main interest. Three generations of animals were followed up. The active powder suspended in distilled water (0.1 ml/10 g for mice and 1 ml/100 g for rats) was administered per os in a single dose, prepared on spot and in two doses, 2 mg/kg body weight and 20 mg kg body weight, respectively. The administered doses were equivalent to the daily maximum therapeutic dose prescribed in humans (110 mg active principle). The first gestational day was determined differently in the two species. For estimating the effect on prefertilization, Boicil tablets was administered for 5 days before making and for its effects on the number of implantations during the first 3 gestational days. The two parameters under investigation were within normal limits and all newborn animals followed up for three generations did not present pathological microscopic and gross alterations or somatic malformations. It was concluded that Boicil tablets is not teratogenic.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The evaluation of the teratogenesis and embryotoxicity of the pharmaceutical product Boicil tablets. II. The effect of the pharmaceutical product Boicil tablets on early embryogenesis, organogenesis and the fetus in 3 successive generations of rats and mice].

The effect of Boicil tablets on early embryogenesis (the first 3 gestational days), organogenesis (the 10th, 11th and 12th gestational days) and fetus (the 18th and 19th gestational days) by its intraamniotic administration was followed up in three successive generations of mice and rats. Two doses were used (2 mg/kg body weight and 20 mg/kg body weight), estimated in relation with the maximum therapeutic daily dose in man, being administered in a single dose, per os. No inborn malformations or somatic abnormalities were recorded both in mothers and in their descendents for three successive generations. It is concluded that Boicil tablets is not teratogenic.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adhesive cutaneous pharmaceutical forms].

The adhesive cutaneous pharmaceutical forms aimed to local action release the drug substance in view of a dermatological, traumatological, antirheumatic, cosmetic action. Two such preparations were obtained and their stability, consistency and pH were determined. The "in vitro" tests of their bioavailability revealed the dynamics of calcium ions release according to the associations of each preparation. The bioavailability determined by evaluating the pharmacological response demonstrated the antiinflammatory action obtained by the association of calcium ions with the components extracted from poplar muds. The therapeutical efficiency of the studied preparations has proved in the treatment of some sport injuries.

Adhesives↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative clinico-therapeutic study of amitriptyline hydrochloride (Tryptizol/amitriptyline)].

As compared to the psychopharmacological profile of amitriptyline hydrochloride the authors analyse the findings of a comparative clinical trial amitriptyline versus Tryptizol regarding their efficacy in neurotic and presenile depression. 170 inpatients divided into four comparative series were investigated. The drugs were administered according to the same scheme in monotherapy for 30 days. The efficiency and tolerance of these drugs were estimated through clinical observations, the recording of the first ameliorated state and the maximum one, psychological check-up by using Hamilton's scale for depressions, paraclinical investigation, recording of side effects, clinical and paraclinical screening for 0-10-20-30 days. The analysis of clinical findings in the investigated series reveals for both drugs their easy administration, tolerance, incidence and low intensity of the side effects. The comparative estimation of the treatment with amitriptyline and Tryptizol in neurotic and presenile depressions attests a similar therapeutic efficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The cutaneous bioavailability of alpha-chymotrypsin from ointments].

In view of improving the cutaneous bioavailability of alpha-chymotrypsin from ointments, the stability of this enzyme in two hydrophile ointment bases, macrogoli and carbopol, was tested. The cutaneous bioavailability of alpha-chymotrypsin in ointments, estimated by determining the anti-inflammatory action, underlines the important role played both by the ointment base and by the enzyme activating substances. By correlating the determinations of alpha-chymotrypsin enzymatic activity with the anti-inflammatory action a correlation between the manifested activity and the active substance stability was noticed.

Animals↗