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Biomedical subjects

O Benkert

Publications and source records attributed to O Benkert.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Multiaxial classification of male sexual dysfunction.

Sexual dysfunction in male subjects is a multifaceted illness, not appropriately classifiable by any of the current diagnostic systems, in most of which a major disadvantage is their poor inter-rater reliability. This results in over-or underestimation of minor biological (e.g. hormonal) disturbances, which occur in conjunction with the disorder, but are unlikely to be only its pathophysiological correlate. These biological factors can be important in some cases, however, as they indicate therapeutic strategies (e.g. correction of a minor hormonal deficit). The broad acceptance of classificatory systems with multi-axial dimensions has prompted the construction of a new system. In accordance with DSM lll this consists of seven equivalent axes and sub-axes, supplemented by five sub-types, from which the diagnostic attribution can be derived.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

ACTH and multisteroid responses to corticotropin-releasing factor in depressive illness: relationship to multisteroid responses after ACTH stimulation and dexamethasone suppression.

One hundred micrograms of ovine-corticotropin releasing factor (o-CRF) was administered intravenously to eight unmedicated patients with severe endogenous depression. Responses of immunoreactive (ir)-ACTH and the adrenal glucocorticosteroids corticosterone (B), 11-deoxycortisol (S), cortisol (F) and cortisone (E) were measured and compared with those following synthetic corticotropin stimulation and dexamethasone suppression. A comparative evaluation of the three pituitary--adrenal function tests suggests that hypersecretion of ir-ACTH and adrenal corticosteroids (B, S, F, and E) in depression reflects a central dysfunction rather than an altered responsiveness of the pituitary or adrenal glands. The data illustrate that the o-CRF paradigm is a valuable instrument to further support the hypothesis that a limbic--hypothalamic overdrive is the basic mechanism underlying exaggerated adrenocortical output in the endogenous subgroup of depressed patients.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1984

Effect of sulpiride in endogenous depression.

Clinical practice and pharmacological data suggest a possible antidepressive action of sulpiride given in low dosages. To further explore the therapeutic efficacy of sulpiride 11 patients with an endogenous type of depression were studied during treatment with an oral daily dose of 150 mg sulpiride. The present data allows the conclusion that (A) low dosed sulpiride seems to act as an antidepressant in severe and milder forms of depression, (B) a clinical progress is seen earlier than is common during treatment with tricyclics and (C) a significant increase of drive is observable. However, sulpiride maintenance therapy did not prevent early relapse into depression. The preliminary nature of these clinical observations does not allow conclusions about the ultimate utility of this drug. Moreover, it remains unclear for which patients sulpiride is appropriate or perhaps superior to conventional treatment modalities of depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Biologic psychiatric research and psychiatric pharmacotherapy. Critical remarks on methods (author's transl)].

To guard satisfactorily against the discrepancy between positive experience in the field of pharmacopsychiatry and negative results in the possibility, therapeutic success or other findings of biologic psychiatric research requires a critical analysis of methods. It is concluded with a catalog of demands in the field of evaluation research. Analyses of individual cases and supporting experimental psychopathological research occupy an important role in this. Finally the obstacles to gaining knowledge in biologic psychiatric research are discussed and, deduced from this, the possible application of a research concept of Herrmann is also proposed for our specialty which would create the principles for a theoretical pluralism.

Brain↗
PubMed1981

[Psychometry of depression in patients undergoing haemodialysis (author's transl)].

Over a period of 8 days, 32 haemodialysis out-patients were studied. Psychometric alien- and self-rating questionnaires were completed twice a day. The aim of the study was to produce a survey of the frequency and severity of depression in haemodialysis patients. It was speculated that the potency of haemodialysis in producing depression might be a helpful model in searching for biochemical factors in this disorder. Self-ratings showed short-term depressive changes in mood in about 15% of cases, which were not confirmed by alien-rating scales. It is concluded that neither incidence and severity nor longitudinal and cross-sectional profiles support a biochemical determination of depression in haemodialysis patients.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMed1980

[Drug monitoring in psychiatry (author's transl)].

The Study Group for Drug Surveillance in Psychiatry (AMUP) has been working since July 1978 as a task force group of the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie" (AGNP). A protocol was designed for the initiation of drug monitoring in psychiatric hospitals. With support of the Bundesgesundheitsamt, Berlin, the first part of this project was started as a practicability study in the psychiatric hospitals of the Universities of Berlin, Göttingen, and Munich and in the municipal hospital of Schleswig. The study includes 7650 in-patients. It is based on the following methods: intensive drug monitoring, organized spontaneous monitoring of adverse drug reactions and registration of drug applications. This drug monitoring system in psychiatry will be expanded to other psychiatric hospitals, and eventually to out-patient clinics as well as private practices within the next two years.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1979

[Biochemical research in depression (author's transl)].

The biochemical research of depression did not gain in before the exploration of the nodes of effect of the antidepressants. For the present the point of research was the search for disturbances in metabolism of the biogenic amines in brain. The noradrenalin and serotonin-hypothesis was propounded postulating a disturbance in noradrenalin, or serotonin regulation, respectively at the receptor in depression. Until now experimental results did not support this hypothesis, just as the investigations of electrolytic changes in depression did not lead to homogeneous results. On the contrary the neuroendocrinological research showed important results; In endogenous depressive patients an increased cortisol-secretion was ascertained, and in about 65% of the patients a missing or strongly reduced cortisol-suppression after injection of dexamethason was noted, moreover, the growth-hormone-secretion after insulin-hypoglycemia is reduced in a part of depressive women in the menopause. Finally the thyrotropin-secretion stopped in 20--40% of the endogenous depressive patients after injection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1979

Effects of testosterone undecanoate on sexual potency and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of impotent males.

A double-blind comparison was made of the effects of testosterone undecanoate (TU) and placebo on sexual potency of 29 impotent men ages 45--75. The main criteria for inclusion in the study were a reduced or nonexistent capacity to have an erection during intercourse and no clinical signs of endocrinological pathology. All patients received placebo for 2 weeks. Then TU was given at a daily dose of 120 mg to 13 patients selected at random while the other patients continued to receive placebo. After 8 weeks all patients received placebo again for 2 weeks. An improvement in sexual potency was reported by five patients given TU and eight patients given placebo, with no significant differences between the groups. Treatment with TU influenced neither the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, as judged by levels of prolactin, LH, FSH, and the LHRH-induced LH/FSH response, nor depression, anxiety, and somatic scores or performance tests. The only specific effect of TU treatment was to decrease the total plasma testosterone level. The present findings show pharmacotherapy with androgens to be no more effective than placebo in restoring sexual potency to sexually impotent men without androgen deficiency. Further studies may be needed to elucidate fully the effects of androgen administration on psychological and endocrinological variables in such patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Influence of single and repeated administration of desipramine (DMI) on the secretion of growth hormone (GH) (author's transl)].

DMI leads to stimulation of GH in healthy male subjects 60--120 min after i.m. injection and 150--210 min after oral application. During a 20-day administration of 2 x 75 mg DMI per day a repeated stimulation of GH was provable on days 0, 10 and 20 in two male patients, whereas no stimulation of GH occurred in two female patients who underwent the same treatment. The GH basic secretion did not increase in any of the four after patients 10 and 20 days, respectively. Neither prolactin (PRL) nor thyreotrophin (TSH) serum concentrations are influenced by DMI. The increase in PRL and TSH, which is induced by the thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH), is provable after acute as well as after chronic administration of DMI.

Adult↗