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Biomedical subjects

O Abe

Publications and source records attributed to O Abe.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Selection of a monoclonal antibody reactive with a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein circulating in the body fluid of gastrointestinal cancer patients.

The monoclonal antibody NCC-CO-450 (IgM kappa) was selected by screening of reactivity with high-molecular-weight antigens (Mr greater than 10(6] isolated from ascitic fluid of a colon cancer patient. This antibody detected heterogeneous but predominantly high-molecular-weight antigens in 4 of 6 ascitic fluid samples from gastrointestinal cancer patients by immunoblotting analysis. A sandwich radioimmunoassay was developed in order to examine the serum level of this antigen, and the cutoff value was defined as the mean plus 2 SD of values obtained with sera from normal donors. While 97% (93 of 96) of sera had a negative antigen value in normal donors, 56% (14 of 25) of patients with colorectal carcinoma and 40% (8 of 20) of patients with gastric carcinoma showed a positive antigen value. The distribution of the antigen in sera of patients with various cancers did not show any correlation with the distribution of carcinoembryonic antigen or CA 19-9. From immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses, NCC-CO-450 antigen was characterized as a mucin-like glycoprotein abundant in normal colonic epithelium as well as in carcinomas of the colon, stomach, and pancreas. The immunohistochemical reactivity of NCC-CO-450 was distinct from that of other monoclonal antibodies reported to be useful for serological diagnosis. The epitope recognized by NCC-CO-450 is considered to be an O-linked carbohydrate chain without terminal sialic acid but is different from the known carbohydrate chains, i.e., Lea, Lex, LeY, Tn, sialyl-Lea, and sialyl sugar chain defined by NCC-ST-439 in a competitive binding inhibition assay of monoclonal antibodies. This newly defined antigen is a good example of a normal antigen shed from cancer cells that can be used successfully as a serum tumor marker.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Radioimmunodetection of human pancreatic tumor xenografts using DU-PAN II monoclonal antibody.

The potential of DU-PAN II, monoclonal antibody (IgM), which was raised against the human tumor cell line, was evaluated for radioimmunodetection of human pancreatic tumors (PAN-5-JCK and EXP-58) grown in nude mice. 125I-labeled DU-PAN II was accumulated into PAN-5-JCK producing DU-PAN II antigen with a tumor-to-blood ratio of 2.72 +/- 3.00, but it did not localize in EXP-58 because of insufficient DU-PAN II. There was no significant uptake of 125I-nonimmunized IgM in PAN-5-JCK. These facts indicated the specific tumor uptake of DU-PAN II. Excellent images of the tumor PAN-5-JCK were obtained 3 days after the injection of 125I-DU-PAN II. Gel chromatography was also investigated with respect to the plasma taken from mice injected with antibody, or incubated with antibody in vitro. The results indicate that circulating antigen affected the tumor uptake of DU-PAN II: The more the tumor grew, the higher the amount of antigen excreted into the blood, leading to the degradation of DU-PAN II before it reached the tumor sites. Consequently, the immunoscintigram of the small tumor was remarkably clear. The catabolism and the radiolysis of the labeled IgM injected are critical points in applying immunoscintigraphy.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Sandwich radioimmunometric assay with murine monoclonal antibody, NCC-ST-439, for serological diagnosis of human cancers.

Sandwich radioimmunometric assay (RIA) for a new tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen defined by a monoclonal antibody (MoAb), NCC-ST-439, was developed and the antigen levels were determined in sera of normal donors, and patients with various malignant and non-malignant disorders. In normal donors, 97.0% (226/233) of sera were antigen-negative (less than 12 units/ml) except for 7 serum samples from young females. In patients with malignant disorders, 34.2% (82/240) were antigen-positive, in particular 64.0% (16/25) of patients with pancreatic carcinoma, 66.7% (16/24) of patients with recurrent colorectal carcinoma and 54.5% (6/11) of patients with recurrent breast carcinoma. In patients with non-malignant disorders, 6.0% (7/116) were antigen-positive. The positive rate in benign hepatobiliary disorders, including gallstones, hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, was especially low at 4.3% (1/23). We concluded that determination of serum NCC-ST-439 antigen would be useful in serodiagnosis of carcinoma patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Epidermal growth factor receptors in cancer tissues of esophagus, lung, pancreas, colorectum, breast and stomach.

The levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors were investigated in surgically resected tumors of various origins including esophagus (n = 33), lung (n = 14), pancreas (n = 9), colorectum (n = 10), breast (n = 23) and stomach (n = 8). The 125I-EGF binding capacities of squamous cell carcinomas of esophagus and lung were exceptionally higher than those of the other cancer tissues. Immunohistochemical staining with an anti-EGF receptor monoclonal antibody detected EGF receptors in the basal cells and parabasal cells of normal esophageal epithelium and in all the cancer cells of squamous cell carcinoma tissues of esophagus and lung. DNA replicating cells were examined by the bromodeoxyuridine staining method and it was found that the basal cells and parabasal cells of normal epithelium and peripheral cells of cancer pearls are proliferating. Contrary to this, a tumor antigen TA-4, known as a specific marker for squamous carcinoma, was detected in the differentiated cancer cells and in middle-layer squamous cells. These results strongly suggest that the increase in EGF receptor levels may be associated with the development of human squamous cell cancers of esophagus and lung. Thus, measurement of EGF receptor expression in tumor tissues has diagnostic value and should prove useful for the development of new therapies.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1988

Mode of action of estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17 beta-diol 3-benzoate 17-[4-(4-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-1-oxobutoxy)acet ate) on human breast carcinoma xenografts in nude mice.

To elucidate the mode of action of busramustine (KM2210), 17 beta- and alpha-busramustine, estradiol and chlorambucil were used for experimental chemo- and endocrino-therapy against hormone-dependent (T-61) and independent (MX-1) human breast carcinomas serially transplanted into BALB/cA female nude mice. Busramustine was administered po daily for 3 weeks at doses of 12.5-300 mg/kg for the beta-isomer and 25-300 mg/kg for the alpha-isomer. Five to 50 mg of estradiol per kg was administered im once, and 3 to 6 mg of chlorambucil per kg was administered po daily for 3 weeks. All of the compounds were effective against estrogen receptor-positive T-61 with a clear dose-response relationship, while estrogen receptor-negative MX-1 was sensitive to all of the agents except estradiol. Since the alpha-isomer of busramustine was effective against both tumor lines, the mode of action of 17 beta-busramustine may not be related to estrogenic action by estradiol released from the maternal compound. However, 17 beta-busramustine generated the estrogen receptor system of T-61 tumor and resulted in the endometrial hyperplasia of tumor-bearing nude mice, suggesting that this compound also has estrogenic action on transplanted human breast carcinoma and tumor-bearing host mice, besides non-estrogenic antitumor activity on human breast carcinoma xenografts.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Distribution of EGF receptor expressing and DNA replicating epidermal cells in psoriasis vulgaris and Bowen's disease.

We have examined the localization of DNA replicating cells and EGF receptor-expressing cells in the epidermis of psoriasis vulgaris, a benign hyperproliferative skin disease, and Bowen's disease, a pre-malignant hyperproliferative skin disease, and normal skin. DNA replicating cells were detected by anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody after incubating tissue sections with BrdU, and EGF receptors were detected by the anti-EGF receptor monoclonal antibody B4G7. In normal skin, DNA replicating cells were localized exclusively in the basal and suprabasal layers. EGF receptor expression was observed most strongly in the basal and parabasal layers, but diminished gradually towards the upper squamous layer. In psoriatic skin, DNA replicating cells were also localized in the basal and parabasal layers, but the number of these mitotic cells was about 10 times higher than in normal skin. In this case, more EGF receptors were detected in all viable layers of the epidermis. Apparently normal skin adjacent to psoriasis lesions showed persistent expression of EGF receptors in the upper squamous layer without an increased number of DNA replicating cells in the basal and parabasal layers. In Bowen's disease, DNA replicating cells and EGF receptor expressing cells were distributed in all layers of the epidermis. These findings indicate that the increased production of EGF receptors may be, in part, responsible for the hyperproliferative state of the epidermis and that cells in the upper squamous layer of psoriasis may have lost a mechanism by which EGF receptor expression is diminished thus allowing differentiation. This altered process of EGF receptor production may be involved in the onset of psoriasis vulgaris.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cell kinetic study of human carcinomas using bromodeoxyuridine.

Cell kinetics in human malignant tumours were studied in vivo using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and immunohistochemistry. BrdU was administered to twenty-four patients with gastric cancer at a dose of 1 g pre-operatively. Specimens were obtained during the operation, fixed in 70% ethanol and embedded in paraffin. BrdU-incorporating cells were detected by immunohistochemical staining using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody. The labelling index (LI), determined by counting tumour cells microscopically, ranged from 4.0 to 41.4%. The LI was higher at the site of invasion than in the central area of the tumour, but no correlation was found between histological differentiation and LI. The LI of stage I gastric cancer was statistically lower than that of stage II, III and IV gastric cancers (P less than 0.005). This technique, which is less cumbersome and time-consuming than using radioactive isotopes of thymidine, appears to be useful for studying cell kinetics of human malignant tumours.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical evaluation on an enzyme immunoassay kit for basic fetoprotein (BFP). (1) Clinical usefulness of BFP].

Clinical usefulness of a sandwich enzyme immunoassay kit for basic fetoprotein (BFP), which has been developed with two kinds of monoclonal anti-BFP by Nippon Kayaku Co., LTD., was evaluated on detection of BFP in the sera. Based on the consideration of BFP-positive rate under 5% in healthy donors and diagnostic efficiency for cancer, a BFP-concentration of 75ng/ml was used as the cut off value. BFP in the sera was positive in 3.5% of 368 healthy donors, 18.2% of 549 patients with benign diseases and 45.3% of 870 patients with cancer. High positive rates of 50 approximately 60% for the serum BFP were found in cancer of the liver, bile duct, pancreas, kidney, prostate, testis and ovary. In early cancer of the bile duct and urogenital organs, high BFP-positive rates beyond 46% were recognized. BFP values in 7 of 9 BFP-positive patients with urogenital cancer fell down to negative serum level after the radical operation. These results indicate that BFP is a tumor marker with widespread representation in cancer and contributes to serological diagnosis for cancer of digestive and urogenital systems, particularly for early cancer of these systems. Furthermore, it is suggested that BFP is useful for monitoring of cancer patients after surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical evaluation on an enzyme immunoassay kit for basic fetoprotein (BFP). (2) Comparison and combination of BFP with other tumor markers].

Comparison of basic fetoprotein (BFP) with 10 other tumor markers was made with sera from 549 patients with benign diseases and 870 patients with cancers, using BFP-EIA kit and commercial kits for others. BFP-positive rates higher than CEA or CA19-9 were found in various cancers except CEA in cancer of the colon, pancreas and lung, or CA19-9 in cancer of pancreas and bile duct. Furthermore, BFP showed higher positive rates in comparison with AFP in cancer of liver and testis, SLX(sialyl SSEA-1) or SCC in lung cancer and CA125 in uterine cancer. The correlation coefficient of BFP with other tumor markers except for SCC in lung cancer were low (below 0.262) in cancer and benign diseases. The combined assay of BFP with some other makers such as CEA in cancer of the digestive organ, lung, markers ovary and uterus, CA19-9 in cancer of the bile duct and lung, CA125 in ovarian cancer, AFP in cancer of the liver and testis, and PAP in prostatic cancer, showed an elevation of diagnostic efficiency compared with single assay. These results indicate that BFP is superior to other tumor markers for serological diagnosis of various cancer and also available for the combined assays.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1988

[A cooperative study of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy of colorectal cancer (second report): 3-year survival rate. Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Colorectal Cancer in Japan].

To evaluate the efficacy of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with curatively resected colorectal cancer (excluding m and sm cancer), a randomized controlled study was performed from January 1982 to October 1983. The schedules for drug administration were different in four districts, and four randomly assigned protocols were studied using tegafur (FT), ACNU, MMC and ADM. A total of 4,906 cases from 491 institutions were entered and 4,206 cases were varied for the study. There were no significant differences in 3-year survival rate in each district protocol. According to Dukes C for rectal cancer patients, ADM + FT group was higher than the FT only group in 3-year survival rate (p = 0.092) and had a significantly longer survival than FT only group in 3-year disease-free rate (p = 0.011). The rate of local recidivation in colon cancer resected curatively was higher in ACNU + FT group than in FT only group (p less than 0.05). A tendency for decreased liver metastasis was observed in FT group compared with the control group, and liver metastasis of ADM + FT group was lower than that of FT only group. No serious adverse effects were observed in any protocol.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical evaluation of adriamycin in advanced and recurrent breast cancer (No. 4)--Joint study by 30 institutes on the duration of remission using various maintenance therapies in patients treated with CAF. Clinical Study Group of Adriamycin for Breast Cancer in Japan].

In order to further extend the duration of remission induced by high-dose CAF therapy, maintenance therapies based on long-term oral administration of cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil (CF) were applied for patients with advanced and recurrent breast cancer. The duration of remission was compared by the envelope method among the basic therapy (Arm I), Arm I plus intermittent administration of adriamycin (Arm II) and Arm I plus tamoxifen from the start of high-dose CAF therapy (Arm III). The response rate of 163 evaluable patients in 30 institutes was 42.1% (27/57) and 44.4% (25/54) for Arm I and Arm II (CAF therapy). The rate for Arm III (CAF therapy) was 61.5% (32/52), a little higher than that for the other two. As side effects due to the induction therapy, alopecia, fatigue, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and leukopenia were observed in a relatively high proportion of patients. Mean values of CR duration, PR duration and the whole duration of remission in responding patients were 14.0 approximately 21.5 weeks, 24.0 approximately 32.2 weeks and 28.0 approximately 42.6 weeks, respectively, without any significant difference among the three groups given different maintenance therapies. The mean values of survival duration in responding patients were 27.1, 22.0 and 17.2 months, respectively for Arm I, Arm II and Arm III no significant difference being recognized in this point, either.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗