PURPOSE: To determine the utility of high-resolution MR imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: High-resolution MR images with a 512 matrix in a right to left frequency encoding direction were obtained in 20 consecutive patients with known or suspected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Six series of breath-hold images of the entire liver [T1- and T2-weighted fast spin echo sequences, T1-weighted fast low-angle shot gradient echo sequence and three-phased contrast-enhanced dynamic study using the latter) were obtained using a phased-array multicoil. RESULTS: HCC was depicted in 15 patients on the MR images, and the diagnosis was confirmed at pathology in 13 and at imaging in the other two. In the remaining five patients, HCC was correctly ruled out with MR imaging. CONCLUSION: High-resolution MR imaging is a promising method in the evaluation of HCC.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudotumorous enlargement of the paracaval portion of the caudate lobe: a report of two cases with CT and MR appearance.

The computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance appearance of pseudotumorous enlargement of the paracaval portion (PCP) of the caudate lobe of the liver are presented in two cirrhotic patients. The enlarged PCP was hyperattenuated on precontrast CT and hyperintense on T1-weighted images. The middle and right hepatic veins were displaced around the PCP. The presence of a portal vein branch penetrating the center of the enlarged PCP was important to distinguish it from other hepatic masses in the two patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Diffusion property in a hamartomatous lesion of neurofibromatosis type 1.

Though diffusion-weighted MRI has been applied to various intracranial lesions, few reports had been presented about cerebral hamartomatous lesions in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). In this study, we report the interval changes of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in a presumed hamartomatous lesion. In our case, the ADC increased slightly over a 3 year period. This diffusion property may provide specific insight into the etiology of cerebral hamartomatous lesions observed in NF1.

Brain Diseases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Targeted killing of squamous carcinoma cells by a monoclonal antibody-peplomycin conjugate which recognizes the EGF receptor.

We determined in vitro the antitumor activity of a conjugate prepared by binding a monoclonal antibody (B4G7), which recognizes the human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, with peplomycin (PEP), which is an antitumor agent effective against squamous cell carcinoma. This B4G7-PEP conjugate was prepared by coupling of B4G7 and carboxymethylpeplomycin active ester. The conjugate killed A431 cells of squamous cell carcinoma which overexpress EGF receptors at lower concentrations than PEP alone. On the basis of its IC50, the conjugate was six times more potent than PEP alone. A simple mixture of B4G7 and PEP was as effective as PEP alone in cytotoxicity. The addition of ten times the amounts of B4G7 to this conjugate decreased its cytotoxicity. When other squamous cell carcinoma cell lines with different levels of EGF receptors (NA, Ca9-22, TE-1, TE-8) were treated with the conjugate, cells were killed dose-dependently and the cytotoxicity was dependent on the number of EGF receptors. When each squamous cell carcinoma cell line was treated with a control conjugate prepared by combining PEP with mouse IgG instead of B4G7, no cytotoxicity was observed. These results indicate that B4G7-PEP will be a useful weapon in multidisciplinary treatment which utilizes the EGF receptor, as these receptors are detected in a higher incidence in squamous cell carcinoma.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Current trends in breast cancer surgery in Japan and long-term results.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Breast Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic polypectomy of the large bowel: management of cancer-bearing polyps.

From January 1974 to May 1979, among 2,338 endoscopic examinations of the large bowel, 184 polypectomies were performed. Forty-two cases of familial polyposis coli were excluded from this study. Of the remaining 142 cases, 21 had cancer foci: fourteen were mucosally confined carcinomas, and seven submucosally invading carcinomas. Endoscopic polypectomy was considered a radical treatment for the former and not satisfactory for the latter. Therefore macroscopic type of polyp, location of carcinoma in the polyp, and lymphatic and venous permeation were the main criteria evaluated for the strategy of treatment in cases of submucosally invading carcinoma-bearing polyps. Radical resections are necessary in cases of semipedunculated polyp with carcinoma located near the base, and in cases of pedunculated polyps with carcinoma extending to the stalk. However, as general criteria for the management of submucosally invading carcinoma-bearing polyps have not yet been established, radical resections are indicated in cases which do not fit the generally accepted criteria, in order to attempt a curative treatment. Endoscopic polypectomy therefore seems to be of great value in the early detection of colorectal cancers and their treatment.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A phase II multi-institutional study of estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17 beta-diol, 3-benzoate, 17[[4-[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]-1- oxobutoxy]acetate] (KM2210), a novel antitumor agent, for advanced and recurrent breast carcinoma.

In order to evaluate the efficacy of Estra-1,3,5(10)-Triene-3,17 beta-Diol, 3-Benzoate, 17[[4-[4-[Bis(2-Chloroethyl) Amino]Phenyl]-1-Oxobutoxy] Acetate] (KM2210), a multi-institutional cooperative Phase II study was performed in patients with measurable advanced and recurrent breast cancer. Two hundred miligrams of KM2210, a conjugate of chlorambucil and 17 beta-estradiol, were administered orally daily for more than 4 weeks to each patient. According to the WHO criteria of response, 103 evaluable cases were assessed. Complete response was obtained in 9 cases, partial response in 19, no change in 39 and progressive disease was observed in 36. The overall response rate was 27.2% (28/103). The response rate was higher in patients without prior treatment than in those with prior treatment. However, KM2210 was also effective against breast cancers treated previously with tamoxifen, anthracyclines and their combinations, showing response rates of 25.5%, 22.0% and 29.6% respectively, suggesting that this agent is also effective on breast carcinomas which were insensitive to tamoxifen and anthracyclines. For efficacy classified in terms of metastatic lesions, the response rate was significantly higher in soft tissues than in other involved organs, and the response rate of bone metastasis was limited. Bone marrow suppression, including leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, was thought to be the dose-limiting toxicity of KM2210. Genital bleeding due to the released estrogen was observed as a characteristic side effect. KM2210 is considered to be useful for the treatment of advanced and recurrent breast cancer when administered at a dose level of 200 mg per day for more than 4 weeks.

Adult↗