Biomedical subjects

O A Ojengbede

Publications and source records attributed to O A Ojengbede.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

Maternal and cord blood lactate and 3-hydroxybutyrate levels during labour in Nigerian women.

In this preliminary study, maternal and fetal blood lactate and 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) levels were assayed by specific enzymatic spectrophotometric methods in two groups of parturient Nigerian women during the three labour stages and their newborn: (i) thirty two women with babies' Apgar score > or = 6, and, (ii) eighteen women with babies' Apgar scores á 5. Cord blood was collected within 1 min. of cord clamping. In all the patients there was a lactate gradient between the foetus and mother. Neonates with Apgar score < 5 had greater cord blood 3-OHB levels. This could indicate reduced utilisation and/or increased production of this metabolite. Since in states of glucose deprivation as could be found in placenta insufficiency, 3-OHB is utilised by the foetus for the synthesis of essential cerebral lipids. It is speculated that the immediate poor clinical condition of babies with low Apgar scores may be a consequence of reduced synthesis of these cerebral lipids as they were unable to utilise circulating 3-OHB. The rapid response to routine resuscitative measures in these newborn babies could also indicate improved 3-OHB utilisation secondary to an improved tissue oxygenation status. These hypotheses from the basis for further studies.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗

PubMed1993

Norplant use by women with sickle cell disease.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety of Norplant contraceptive implant use by women with mild-moderate homozygous sickle cell disease (HbSS). METHOD: Prospective observation of women pre- and post-insertion of Norplant, with each woman serving as her own control. PARTICIPANTS: 25 women 18-40 years of age who attended a hospital sickle cell clinic; post-insertion data were available for 23 women. OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in hematologic parameters including PCV, MCV, reticulocytes, ISCs, HbF and bilirubin; changes in biochemical parameters including HDL cholesterol, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphate, serum creatinine and serum albumin. RESULT: With a mean follow-up of 12.4 months (range 1-29 months), there were no clinically or statistically significant group or individual changes in the hematologic or biochemical parameters after Norplant insertion. CONCLUSION: Norplant appears to be a safe and appropriate contraceptive for women with mild-moderate HbSS disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Prediction and detection of ovulation: an evaluation of the cervical mucus score.

The use of cervical mucus scoring (modified Insler Score) in prediction and detection of ovulation in ovulatory cycles has been evaluated against serial ultrasonic follicular monitor and estimation of mid-luteal phase progesterone assay using the WHO match reagent system. The study showed that there was a very high positive correlation (r = +0.96) between the determination of day of ovulation by serial Insler score assessment and serial ultrasonography. Being simple to perform, cheap, rapid and reasonably accurate method of ovulation prediction and detection, cervical score assessment is recommended for use in fertility management in our environment with limited manpower, infrastructure and resources.

Cervix Mucus↗

PubMed1992

Ultrasound monitoring of ovarian follicular growth during spontaneous cycles in Nigerian women.

Thirty-nine spontaneous cycles in 34 women (22 patients from the infertility clinic and 12 normal volunteers) were serially studied by ultrasound to monitor follicular growth for ovulation prediction and detection. Ovulation was also confirmed by a mid-luteal phase progesterone assay using WHO match RIA kits. Ovulation occurred from the left ovary in 21 cycles (54%) and from the right ovary in 18 cycles (46%). The maximum follicular diameter prior to ovulation was 21.0 +/- 3.48mm with a range of 15-28 mm. The maximum pre-ovulatory size in the group of infertile patients 21.4mm (range 15-28 mm) was not statistically different from the size in normal volunteers 20.8mm (range 15.5-27mm) (P > 0.05). Bilateral ovulation occurred in two patients. Changes in shape and/or size of the follicle mostly associated with increased internal echoes were the indices of ovulation in 84.7% of cases. Follicular diameter of 15mm may indicate imminent ovulation in Nigerian women. Infertility management procedures such as artificial insemination, timed sexual intercourse may commence just before or once this follicular size has been attained until ovulation is detected.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Screening for obstruction of the vas deferens in Nigerian men with azoospermia using the alpha-glucosidase reaction in semen.

Obstruction of the vas deferens has been screened for, using the alpha-glucosidase reaction in seminal plasma as previously described by Comhaire. Eighteen patients with azoospermia were studied. The result showed positive reaction in 17 patients (95.0%) and only a weak yellow reaction in 1 patient. The results did not corroborate the working hypothesis that the azoospermia was due to obstruction of the vas deferens. The implications of this findings in the management of male infertility in Nigeria are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Plasma levels of digitalis-like substance in pregnancy-induced hypertension in Nigeria.

Digitalis-like substance or plasma inhibitor factor was measured by a competitive binding method in 56 subjects comprising: (1) 12 normotensive normally menstruating non-pregnant women without a family history of hypertension; (2) 13 normotensive normally menstruating non-pregnant women with a family history of hypertension; (3) 15 normotensive pregnant subjects without a family history of hypertension; and (4) 16 subjects with clinical features of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Even though the mean value (1.14 +/- 0.12) of the inhibitor factor (expressed as KD ratios) in the non-pregnant women with family history was slightly higher than the mean value (0.95 +/- 0.12) in the non-pregnant women without a family history, the difference did not attain statistical significance. The mean value (1.25 +/- 0.24) of the inhibitor factor in the pregnant subjects without family history was, however, significantly elevated when compared with the non-pregnant subject without family history (P less than 0.05). The inhibitor factor levels in the subjects with pregnancy-induced hypertension were generally lower than those of the normotensive pregnant subjects, although the difference was not statistically significant. The relevance of these results to the understanding of the pathophysiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension is discussed.

Female↗

PubMed1987

Pregnancy performance of Nigerian women aged 16 years and below, as seen in Ibadan, Nigeria.

A review of eighty-four women aged 16 years and below who gave birth at the University College Hospital, Ibadan during the period 1978-1982 has shown the majority of the patients to be unemployed women from a low socio-economic class. There is a strong tendency to lack of antenatal care in this group of women. Pregnancy and delivery were complicated by a higher than usual incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and foeto-pelvic disproportion. A high perinatal mortality rate is noted and this poor result is related to the deficit in perinatal care the women received. Maternal mortality showed no significant difference compared with that obtained for all other maternity patients but a high morbidity rate, related mainly to PIH and foeto-pelvic disproportion, was found. Despite the undesirable social effects of teenage pregnancies, apart from the immature pelvic size, no definite biological reason could be adduced for the noted differences in their performance when compared to the total hospital maternity patients. We believe that differences in reports on teenage pregnancies may be due to differences in socio-cultural and educational standards of the various groups studied.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Reproductive performance after eclampsia.

Eclampsia is a common complication of pregnancy in Ibadan, although its long term effects on subsequent pregnancies is unknown. In a prospective study of 64 women who had eclampsia in their previous pregnancies and were followed up in their current pregnancies, 15.6% of them had recurrent eclampsia, in spite of optimal antenatal care. Of the 18 patients with diastolic blood pressure of 80 mmHg 22.2% or over at booking had antepartum or intrapartum eclampsia as compared with only 2.2% of 46 patients with diastolic blood pressure of less than 80 mmHg at booking. This finding was statistically significant (P less than 0.01), showing that the diastolic blood pressure at booking can be a measure of the potential for developing eclampsia because of the possibility of residual hypertension on which pre-eclampsia may be superimposed. Similarly, there was a significant association (P less than 0.05) between the birthweight of the babies and the diastolic blood pressure at booking, and may be a measure of the effect of vascular effect of pre-eclampsia on the placenta. However, there was no difference in the perinatal mortality rate in this study and the overall hospital figures in spite of the high risk pregnancies being managed. It was concluded, therefore, that the outcome of these pregnancies would depend much on the standard of antenatal care provided for the patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Oral treatment of candida vaginitis: experience at the Special Treatment Clinic University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Seventy-four patients with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of candida vaginitis at Special Treatment Clinic, U.C.H., Ibadan were treated with daily dose of 400mg Ketoconazole (Nizoral) for 5 days. Forty had primary infection and 34 (46.0%) had recurrent infection. Vaginal skin infection, discharge, vulva pruritus and dyspareunia were the key symptoms and signs. Follow-up showed disappearance of findings a week following treatment except vaginal infection which was still present in 2 (2.9%) patients. Four weeks after treatment, 4--7% of the cases had one symptom or the other but more experienced dyspareunia. Mycological tests showed positive results in wet smear examination in 6.7%. Nevertheless, 80% of the 34 with recurrent infection preferred oral treatment to topical vaginal applications which they had had in the past. The implication of this result in treatment of acute and chronic vaginal candidosis in our community is discussed.

Administration, Oral↗