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Norio Sugaya

Publications and source records attributed to Norio Sugaya.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Influenza-associated encephalopathy in Japan.

Although the clinical entity of influenza-associated encephalopathy (influenza encephalopathy) has not gained universal recognition, it has been reported frequently as a complication of influenza in Japanese children. The influenza type A (H3N2) virus was detected in most cases. Most of the patients have been young children. Influenza encephalopathy typically is associated with a sudden onset of high fever, severe convulsions, rapidly progressive coma, and death within 2 or 3 days. Influenza encephalopathy reported in Japan is distinct from Reye syndrome, and one-fourth of patients exhibit bilateral thalamic necrosis on neuroimaging. Similar encephalopathic symptoms probably occur in North America and European countries.

Amantadine↗
PubMed2002

[Patient assessment for zanamivir therapy (second report) -- a survey of patients with influenza who were prescribed zanamivir during the 2001/2002 season in Japan].

Patients diagnosed as influenza who were prescribed zanamivir were surveyed from December 2001 to April 2002 in Japan as the same 2000/2001 influenza season. A total of 751 survey questionnaires were returned. We analyzed the efficacy of zanamivir against 367 patients who were diagnosed as influenza by rapid diagnosed kit and took zanamivir within 48 hours after onset of symptoms. Following the first zanamivir treatment, symptom relief was reported by 24.0% of the patients within 12 hours, 52.6% within 24 hours and 79.6% within 48 hours. The patients reported that the severest influenza symptom was fever, 28.4% of the patients started to feel reduction of fever within 12 hours, 62.2% within 24 hours. All of the 751 patients, 98.8% reported that the Diskhaler could be used as instructed by the doctor or pharmacist and 91.3% found the device easy or very easy to use. These results showed that the effect of zanamivir started very fast and the diskhaer was well accepted. This was the same as the previous results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Influenza vaccine: past, present and future].

Japan has ever based its policy for controlling influenza on a strategy of vaccinating schoolchildren. Mass immunization program for schoolchildren began in 1962. The government discontinued the program in 1994, because of growing doubt about its effectiveness. However, it was recently reported that vaccinating schoolchildren against influenza provides protection and reduces mortality from influenza among elderly persons. Instead, Japanese government will begin a vaccination program for elderly persons, because the excess mortality rates increased, as the vaccination of schoolchildren was discontinued. Although vaccination rate of Japan is the lowest in developed countries at present, the supply of influenza vaccine increases double every year.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Effectiveness of oseltamivir treatment against influenza type A and type B infection in children].

We investigated the effectiveness of oseltamivir treatment against influenza virus infection in children. We treated 131 patients (mean age, 5.8 +/- 3.6 years) with oseltamivir (4 mg/kg/day for 5 days) during the 2001-2002 epidemic. All of the patients had been diagnosed with influenza using a rapid diagnosis kit. When treatment was initiated within 48 hours of the onset of fever, 44% of the patients became afebrile (< 37.5 degrees C) within one day, and 86% of them recovered within two days. The average duration of fever after the initiation of oseltamivir treatment was 1.7 days. Oseltamivir was equally effective against both influenza type A and type B. No differences in the effectiveness of oseltamivir treatment were observed between young children (< 4 years of age) and school-aged children (> 6 years of age). No obvious side effects were observed.

Acetamides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resistant influenza A viruses in children treated with oseltamivir: descriptive study.

BACKGROUND: Oseltamivir is an effective inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase. Although viruses resistant to oseltamivir emerge less frequently than those resistant to amantadine or rimantadine, information on oseltamivir-resistant viruses arising during clinical use of the drug in children is limited. Our aim was to investigate oseltamivir resistance in a group of children treated for influenza. METHODS: We analysed influenza A viruses (H3N2) collected from 50 children before and during treatment with oseltamivir. We sequenced the genes for neuraminidase and haemagglutinin and studied the mutant neuraminidases for their sensitivity to oseltamivir carboxylate. FINDINGS: We found neuraminidase mutations in viruses from nine patients (18%), six of whom had mutations at position 292 (Arg292Lys) and two at position 119 (Glu119Val), which are known to confer resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors. We also identified another mutation (Asn294Ser) in one patient. Sensitivity testing to oseltamivir carboxylate revealed that the neuraminidases of viruses that have an Arg292Lys, Glu119Val, or Asn294Ser mutation were about 10(4)-10(5)-fold, 500-fold, or 300-fold more resistant than their pretreatment neuraminidases, respectively. Oseltamivir-resistant viruses were first detected at day 4 of treatment and on each successive day of the study. More than 10(3) infectious units per mL of virus were detected in some of the patients who did not shed drug-resistant viruses, even after 5 days of treatment. INTERPRETATION: Oseltamivir-resistant mutants in children being treated for influenza with oseltamivir arise more frequently than previously reported. Furthermore, children can be a source of viral transmission, even after 5 days of treatment with oseltamivir.

Acetamides↗