Biomedical subjects

Niroshan Ramachandran

Publications and source records attributed to Niroshan Ramachandran.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Protein microarrays as tools for functional proteomics.

Protein microarrays present an innovative and versatile approach to study protein abundance and function at an unprecedented scale. Given the chemical and structural complexity of the proteome, the development of protein microarrays has been challenging. Despite these challenges there has been a marked increase in the use of protein microarrays to map interactions of proteins with various other molecules, and to identify potential disease biomarkers, especially in the area of cancer biology. In this review, we discuss some of the promising advances made in the development and use of protein microarrays.

Protein Array Analysis↗

PubMed2005

Emerging tools for real-time label-free detection of interactions on functional protein microarrays.

The availability of extensive genomic information and content has spawned an era of high-throughput screening that is generating large sets of functional genomic data. In particular, the need to understand the biochemical wiring within a cell has introduced novel approaches to map the intricate networks of biological interactions arising from the interactions of proteins. The current technologies for assaying protein interactions--yeast two-hybrid and immunoprecipitation with mass spectrometric detection--have met with considerable success. However, the parallel use of these approaches has identified only a small fraction of physiologically relevant interactions among proteins, neglecting all nonprotein interactions, such as with metabolites, lipids, DNA and small molecules. This highlights the need for further development of proteome scale technologies that enable the study of protein function. Here we discuss recent advances in high-throughput technologies for displaying proteins on functional protein microarrays and the real-time label-free detection of interactions using probes of the local index of refraction, carbon nanotubes and nanowires, or microelectromechanical systems cantilevers. The combination of these technologies will facilitate the large-scale study of protein interactions with proteins as well as with other biomolecules.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Self-assembling protein microarrays.

Protein microarrays provide a powerful tool for the study of protein function. However, they are not widely used, in part because of the challenges in producing proteins to spot on the arrays. We generated protein microarrays by printing complementary DNAs onto glass slides and then translating target proteins with mammalian reticulocyte lysate. Epitope tags fused to the proteins allowed them to be immobilized in situ. This obviated the need to purify proteins, avoided protein stability problems during storage, and captured sufficient protein for functional studies. We used the technology to map pairwise interactions among 29 human DNA replication initiation proteins, recapitulate the regulation of Cdt1 binding to select replication proteins, and map its geminin-binding domain.

Cell Cycle Proteins↗