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Biomedical subjects

Nigel Hunt

Publications and source records attributed to Nigel Hunt.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Determining the antibiotic resistance potential of the indigenous oral microbiota of humans using a metagenomic approach.

Studies of the prevalence and identity of genes encoding resistance to antibiotics in a microbial community are usually carried out on only the cultivable members of the community. However, it is possible to include the as-yet-uncultivable organisms present by adopting a metagenomic approach to such studies. In this investigation, four metagenomic libraries of the oral microbiota were prepared from three groups of 20 adult humans and screened for antibiotic-resistant clones. Clones resistant to tetracycline and amoxycillin were present in all four libraries while gentamicin-resistant clones were found in three of the libraries. The genes encoding tetracycline resistance in the clones were identified and found to be tet(M), tet(O), tet(Q), tet(W), tet37 and tet(A). However, only the first three of these were detected in all three groups of individuals investigated.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2006

Northcroft Memorial Lecture 2005: muscling in on malocclusions: current concepts on the role of muscles in the aetiology and treatment of malocclusion.

The British Orthodontic Society invites outstanding contributors from the field of Orthodontics to give the guest lecture in memory of George Northcroft. In 2005 the guest lecturer was Professor Nigel Hunt. The article that follows was presented as the Northcroft Memorial Lecture 2005 at the World Orthodontic Congress, Paris.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2005

Comparing refugees and nonrefugees: the Bosnian experience.

The Bosnian War (1992-1995) led to millions of Bosnians being either internally displaced or seeking refuge in other countries. The present study compares the mental health status of refugees with people who were internally displaced. Questionnaires examining wartime experiences, traumatic symptoms and personality were administered to 190 Bosnians (69 refugees and 121 internally displaced). Refugees scored significantly higher on traumatic symptoms. Traumatic symptoms are related to harm avoidant personality traits. Certain war experiences were also associated with greater symptomatology. The findings show that there may be more serious longer-term psychological problems in people who are forced to leave their country during wartime. This may be linked to personality. There are social, political, and treatment implications of these findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Predicting traumatic stress using emotional intelligence.

The study investigated whether emotional intelligence (EI) can predict how individuals respond to traumatic experiences. A random sample of 414 participants (181 male, 233 female) were administered a measure of EI along with the Impact of Event Scale--revised [IES-R; Weiss, D. S. & Marmar, C. R. (1997). The Impact of Events Scale--revised. In J.P. Wilson & T.M. Keane (Eds.), Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD (pp. 399-411). New York: Guilford Press], and the monitoring and blunting questionnaire [MBQ, Anxiety Stress Coping 7 (1994) 53]. The results showed that participants with higher NEIS scores report fewer psychological symptoms relating to their traumatic experiences, that monitors are more likely to have higher NEIS scores than blunters. Traumatic events had a greater impact on females than males, and males had higher EI than females. The implications of these findings for using EI as a predictor for individuals who may experience traumatic stress are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2004

The contribution of "All Quiet on the Western Front" to our understanding of psychological trauma.

The most effective way of coping with a traumatic event is to develop a narrative, which can take many forms, e.g., talking to friends and family, formal treatment, written accounts. Autobiographical works and novels by ex-soldiers are good examples of texts, which can aid psychologists' understanding of traumatic stress, providing powerful insights not normally obtained through traditional psychological methods. Remarque's "All Quiet on the Western Front" illustrates the psychological problems experienced by men in battle. Psychologists have rarely used novels as sources of data, yet they provide a rich insight into the problems associated with traumatic events. The issues raised in the book include: an account of battle experience, civilian understanding, memory and coping. This approach can be used to extend our understanding of traumatic situations.

Adaptation, Psychological↗