[Nutritional problems among elderly].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
Nada Vasiljević
Publications and source records attributed to Nada Vasiljević.
[Gene similarity between hepatitis C virus and human proteins--a blood transfusion problem].
INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis C is a post-transfusion hepatitis which causes serious problems in blood transfusion. Blood testing requires highly sensitive and specific assays with high predictive value. GENOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS: According to recommendations of International Association for the study of Liver Diseases etiological diagnosis of hepatitis is based on highly sensitive third generation assays: epitopes in the NS5 region comprising noncoding sequence UTR with 324-341 well conserved pair of homologous basis in 92% HCV genomes, therefore appropriate for virus RNA detection. DEVELOPMENT OF ASSAYS FOR HEPATITIS VIRUS: The first generation of immunoenzyme tests (IET) were based on detection of antibodies on antigen c 100-3, which is a part of the NS4 region of HCV genome. The second generation of tests with two recombinant proteins--c22-3 and c200, achieved higher sensitivity of assays. The third generation included epitopes from NS5 region, and removed the antigen c100-3. DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOIMMUNITY: Autoimmunity is a pathophysiological mechanism that's leads to chronic inflammatory diseases. Autoimunity is characterized by loss of tolerance towards self-antigens. Viral hepatitis C is associated with development of autoimmune phenomena. MOLECULAR MIMICRY: Molecular mimicry, as a mechanism of autoimmunity, was investigated to establish cross-Reactive immune reactions between HCV antigen and human nitrogen-oxide synthase, Tyrosine kinase Lck and hepatic growth factor activator. CROSS REACTIVITY BETWEEN HCV PROTEINS AND HUMAN PROTEINS: HCV capsid proteins initiate the autoimmune process in the liver because of cross reaction of antibodies with human Gor protein 19-27, which causes autoimmune chronic hepatitis. However, analysis of human protein from protein basis Swiss-prot shows homology between NS5 region and 3 human protein nitrogen oxide synthases, tyrosine kinase-Lck, proto-oncogene and hepatic growth factor activator. According to protein data analysis and competitive in vitro experiments, it was concluded that presence of auto-antibodies is probably the consequence of cross reactive immune response. CONCLUSION: Homology of amino acid sequences in the NS5 region of the HCV genome with nitrogen-oxide synthase, tyrosine kinase-Lck, and hepatic growth factor activator, causes auto-immune phenomena in HC, and can be a model for researching autoimmunity and human virus-induced autoimmune diseases.
Autoimmunity↗
[Assessment of diet therapy effect on blood pressure of obese persons with and without antihypertensive therapy].
BACKGROUND: Arterial hypertension is a multicausal chronic disease often accompanied by obesity. The aim of this investigation was to examine the effect of diet therapy in the treatment of obese hypertensives with and without antihypertensive therapy. METHODS: The investigation was conducted at the Department of Nutrition on a sample of 110 obese hypertensive patients on diet therapy. Subjects were divided into two groups: the group on diet therapy with antihypertensive drugs E1 (n=78), and the group on diet therapy without pharmacotherapy E2 (n=32). Nourishment state i.e., obesity level was assessed by body mass index (BMI). All the patients belonged to the obese group--BMI > 30 kg/m2. Besides blood pressure values, the following parameters were monitored: serum cholesterol, trygliceride levels and BMI. RESULTS: The obtained results in the group with diet therapy combined with antihypertensive therapy showed highly significant decrease of anthropometrical parameters: body weight (99.14 kg vs. 90.16 kg) (p<0.001) and BMI (37.32 vs. 34.09) (p<0.001); percent body fat (41.97 vs. 38.78) (p<0.001); systolic (154.81 vs. 141.91) (p<0.001), and diastolic pressures (95.42 vs. 87.36) (p<0.001); cholesterol (6.39 vs. 5.99) (p<0.002), and triglycerides concentration (2.69 vs. 2.21) (p<0.019). In the group on single diet therapy, highly significant decrease of body mass (99.33 vs. 90.18) (p<0.001), BMI (34.79 vs. 31.58) (p<0.001), percent body fat (39.27 vs. 36.70) (p<0.001), systolic (148.44 vs. 132.74) (p<0.001), and diastolic pressures (93.97 vs. 82.90) (p<0.001), was achieved, while the differences between initial and final cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, although observed, were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The obtained results implicated that diet therapy significantly helped the normoregulation of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Considering this, during physicians' routine practice in the treatment of hypertension, attention should be paid on the reduction of the corresponding level of obesity.
Antihypertensive Agents↗