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Biomedical subjects

N Yoshioka

Publications and source records attributed to N Yoshioka.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Cerebral revascularization using omentum and serratus anterior muscle free flap transfer for adult moyamoya disease: case report.

BACKGROUND: Use of the omentum in the treatment of moyamoya disease is now widely accepted, and, especially in patients with ischemic symptoms of anterior or posterior cerebral artery distribution, omental transplantation or other indirect revascularizations are indicated. CASE REPORT: A 39-year-old man, who developed left homonymous hemianopia, was discovered to have occlusion of the distal portion of bilateral internal carotid arteries. We performed indirect revascularization with an omental flap on the left cerebral hemisphere and a serratus anterior muscle flap on the right cerebral hemisphere. RESULTS: Subsequent clinical course was uneventful. Cerebral blood flow study and angiography revealed good collateral circulation in both the omentum and muscle flap. The collateral circulation was more developed than that arising from the omental transfer on the contralateral side at the same postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS: This type of encephalomyosynangiosis (EMS)-EMS with free muscle flap-is as effective as that with the omental flap in adult moyamoya disease. Especially in a patient who is in need of vascular reconstruction of an extensive ischemic area, serratus anterior muscle flap transfer is one of the alternative methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Single stage reconstruction of scalp and skull using free muscle flap and titanium mesh in patients with epidural infection.

Simultaneous scalp and skull reconstruction using free muscle flap transfer and titanium mesh was performed in two patients with postoperative intracranial infection. The postoperative course in both patients was uneventful. The transferred flap was the latissimus dorsi muscle flap in one and a combination flap with the latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior muscle in another. The titanium mesh afforded satisfactory contour with only mild foreign-body reaction and could be applied simultaneously with the free muscle flap to the infected cranial wound.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A case of double fingernail and ectopic fingernail.

Congenital ectopic fingernails are extremely rare and only 22 cases were found in domestic and foreign literature during our investigation. In the 22 ectopic fingernail cases collected, small ectopic fingernails were found along side the normal fingernail (dorsal or palm side), in most cases, and extremely rare double nails, which are as large as normal nails, were found on the palm side opposite the normal fingernail in some cases. We encountered a 4-year-old boy with a double fingernail on the right fifth finger and an ectopic fingernail on the left fifth finger. The nail on the palm side, including the fingernail block and nail matrix, was excised from the right fifth finger and the defect was reconstructed with a palm skin flap.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1996

Alterations of p16/CDKN2, p53 and ras genes in oral squamous cell carcinomas and premalignant lesions.

Exons 1-3 of the p16/CDKN2 gene, exons 4-9 of the p53 gene and exons 1 and 2 of H-, K- and N-ras genes were screened for mutations by a combination of immunohistochemistry and single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analyses of polymerase chain reaction products from human surgical samples of both frank oral squamous cell carcinomas and premalignant lesions. The samples included 20 squamous cell carcinomas, 10 epithelial dysplasias and 10 epithelial hyperplasias. No identifiable gene mutations were detected in any of the dysplasias or hyperplasias, while 2 (10%) deletions and 2 (10%) mutations of p16/CDKN2, along with 5 (25%) p53 mutations were found in the advanced carcinomas, yielding characteristic p16/ CDKN2 and p53 changes. A mutation in the K-ras gene was found in single carcinoma and dysplastic samples. From the data, it can be argued that p16/CDKN2 and p53 mutations are relatively late occurrences in human oral tumorigenesis and that genetic alterations of the ras genes may not play a significant role in squamous neoplasia.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1996

Giant splenic cyst with high serum concentration of CA 19-9. Failure of treatment with percutaneous transcatheter drainage and injection of tetracycline.

BACKGROUND: Recently, several cases of nonparasitic true splenic cyst with high serum concentration of carbohydrate antigen (CA 19-9) have been reported. CASE: We report a giant splenic cyst presenting with high serum concentration of CA 19-9 in a 21-year-old man without a history of previous trauma. Imaging techniques showed a huge monolocular cyst of the spleen, and laboratory data showed increased serum CA 19-9 levels (326 U/ml; normal, < 37 U/ml). Serologic test was negative for parasitic infection. These findings led us to the diagnosis of epithelial splenic cyst. Percutaneous transcatheter drainage and injection of tetracycline were performed for 2 weeks. The cyst shrank, and the serum CA 19-9 level decreased favorably. However, cystic fluid reaccumulated in a month. CONCLUSIONS: The accumulation of cystic fluid in splenic epithelial cysts may be attributable not only to the secretion of the lining cells but also to influx from the splenic sinuses.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Markedly elevated serum fructosamine in a non-diabetic patient with IgA-kappa type multiple myeloma].

We reported a non-diabetic patient with IgA-kappa multiple myeloma whose serum fructosamine value was markedly elevated. The M-protein from this patient was shown to be conjugated to serum albumin confirmed by immunoelectrophoresis and immunofixation. The fructosamine activity was shown in the high molecular weight fraction by S-300 superfine gel chromatography. Although serum fructosamine values of other three non-diabetic patients with IgA type multiple myeloma were elevated, patients with IgG type multiple myeloma and primary macroglobulinemia had low or normal serum fructosamine values. These findings suggested that glycation of monoclonal IgA of multiple myeloma was much more increased than that of other types of immunoglobulins and monoclonal IgA in this patient was conjugated to serum albumin resulting in the elevated serum fructosamine.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1996

Pharmacokinetics and stability of caldiamide sodium in rats.

Gadodiamide (CAS 122795-43-1) injection (Omniscan) is a formulation composed of gadolinium (III) complexed with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid bis-methylamide (Gd DTPA-BMA) and the sodium calcium complex of the same ligand, known as caldiamide sodium (CAS 122760-91-2, NaCa DTPA-BMA), in a molar ratio of 20:1. Following intravenous dosing of NaCa DTPA-BMA (0.015 mmol/kg) in a 14C-labeled form, plasma concentrations of the drug declined rapidly with an elimination half-live of 0.31 h, a distribution volume of 244 ml/kg and a plasma clearance of 9.2 ml/min/kg. These results demonstrate that NaCa DTPA-BMA distributes into the extracellular fluid compartment and is renally excreted via glomerular filtration. Of the dose of radioactivity given, 86.6% was excreted in urine by 4 h after injection, and 95.3% in urine and 3.3% in feces by 120 h. In addition, experiments were done to clarify the in vivo metabolism of NaCa DTPA-BMA. Results show small quantities of transchelatd forms of NaCa DTPA-BMA in urine. HPLC analysis demonstrated these metabolites were the Zn and Cu forms of the drug, resulting from displacement of the Ca ion in the NaCa DTPA-BMA molecule by endogeneous Zn or Cu. Further analyses by HPLC and ICP-AES demonstrate that the unchanged parent drug, the Zn and the Cu forms occur in relative quantities of approximately 92%, 7%, and 1%, respectively. This demonstrates that the Ca ion in caldiamide sodium can be replaced by Zn or Cu ions in vivo, but only to a small extent.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Thromboxane rather than platelet activating factor mediates pulmonary vasoconstriction after antigen challenge in rabbits.

To investigate whether thromboxane and/or platelet activating factor (PAF) mediate the pulmonary vasoconstrictive response to antigen in vivo, we intra-arterially injected human erythrocytes as antigen into sensitized rabbits after administration of putative inhibitors: a cyclooxygenase synthetase inhibitor (indomethacin, 5 mg.kg-1), a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor (OKY 046, 10 mg.kg-1 + 100 micrograms.kg-1.min-1), and a PAF blocker (CV6209, .1 mg.kg-1). Pulmonary artery and airway pressures significantly increased after the antigen challenge in sensitized rabbits, but did not in nonsensitized rabbits. Both indomethacin and OKY046 significantly inhibited the increase in pulmonary artery pressure after the antigen challenge, while CV6209 did not. CV6209 significantly attenuated the decrease in femoral artery pressure after the antigen challenge, while neither indomethacin nor OKY046 did. There were no significant differences in the increase in airway pressure among the groups. We conclude that thromboxane rather than PAF mediates the pulmonary vasoconstriction after the antigen challenge and that mediators other than thromboxane and PAF mediate bronchoconstriction after the antigen challenge in sensitized rabbits.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1996

[MR imaging and dynamic MR imaging].

The rapid progress in both hardware and software of MR imaging technique are now going to continue. This article contains brief answers to the clinical usefulness of the ultrafast- and fast-imaging techniques involving EPI, FSE or TSE and MP-RAGE, and it also contains phased-array coil system and respiratory-gated imaging technique. The high-spatial-resolution. T2-weighted images provide us fine and exact anatomical information about lesions, tissues and organs and the high-time-resolution T1-weighted imaging studies using extracellular or hepatobiliary contrast agents provide us more exact functional information about those.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1995

Post-synaptic depolarization in induction of long-term potentiation in the CA1 hippocampus.

The role of dendritic depolarization in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) was studied in the CA1 hippocampus in vitro. In Mg(2+)-free medium, conditioning stimuli of 50 pulses at 1 Hz induced LTP (1 Hz LTP). This LTP was blocked by APV. To block dendritic depolarization, GABA or muscimol was applied iontophoretically to the dendritic region in conjunction with each conditioning stimulus. This procedure blocked 1 Hz LTP, even though a larger than normal Ca2+ influx through the NMDA receptor channels was expected due to an increase in electromotive force. These results suggest that depolarization is required, in addition to unblocking Mg2+ from NMDA receptor channels, most likely to open voltage-gated calcium channels.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Non-genetic group specific component (GC) observed in a patient with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia.

This is the case of a male non-lymphocytic leukemia patient who continuously exhibited non-genetic group specific component (GC). The patient was hospitalized 10 months for treatment. The patient's GC type was GC 2-1A2 upon his admission to the hospital, which was consistent with his parents' type. The additional GC protein isoform appeared during treatment and was detected by polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing (PAGIEF). This acquired GC component corresponded to GC 1F in PAGIEF and was thought to have originated from GC 1A2 protein. This phenomenon most probably occurred due to a metabolic abnormality or modification of the GC molecule caused by the disease itself, or by chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Vascularized omental graft to brain surface in ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

The application of vascularized omental graft for the treatment of four patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease is presented. The superficial temporal artery and vein were used as recipient vessels, and vascular anastomosis was applied in an end-to-end fashion. The distal parts of the omentum were exteriorized as monitoring segments for about 1 week. Angiography and cerebral blood flow (CBF) studies were performed in all patients postoperatively. There were no major complications, and all patients showed increases of CBF and apparent clinical improvement. It is suggested that this method is effective in selected patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

Brain↗
PubMed1995

Hemangioma of the esophagus: endosonographic imaging and endoscopic resection.

A 49-year-old Japanese man was seen to have an esophageal tumor on a routine barium swallow examination. Endoscopy revealed a sessile polyp covered by an almost normal esophageal mucosa, and the bioptic histology was non-diagnostic. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic tumor with a diameter of 12 mm, confined to the submucosal layer, with the underlying muscularis propria layer being intact. On the basis of this finding, endoscopic resection was chosen and the tumor was resected using a two-channel endoscope, with prior hypertonic saline and epinephrine injection. The pathologic diagnosis was a cavernous hemangioma of the esophagus.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus presenting with massive hematemesis.

A 66-year-old Japanese man was admitted to our hospital, presenting with massive hematemesis. Emergency endoscopy revealed a bleeding tumor at the esophagogastric junction. The endoscopic appearance of the tumor was that of a Borrmann 2-like tumor, with a brownish-black discoloration. Bioptic histology confirmed the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. Atypical melanocytes with junctional changes were also found at a small pigmented patch in the lower esophagus, separate from the gross tumor. Melanocytosis was noted in the adjacent esophageal epithelium in the resection specimen following surgery. No primary lesion was found elsewhere, even in the patient's skin. These pathologic findings support the possibility of multicentric occurrence of malignant melanoma in esophageal melanocytosis. The patient is alive 11 months later, with multiple liver metastases. Massive hematemesis is an unusual presentation of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Inhibition of pulmonary hypertensive response after antigen challenge.

By adding antigen cells into perfusate circulation, a great increase in pulmonary arterial pressure was observed in isolated perfused lung from rabbits previously immunized with human O-N type erythrocytes. To investigate whether thromboxane A2 is the main mediator in pulmonary vasoconstrictive response, we injected antigen erythrocytes into the reservoir after administration of putative inhibition as follows: indomethacin (5 mg/kg, thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor), KT2-962 (.1 mg/kg, thromboxane receptor blocker), and pyrilamine (.1 mumol, H1 blocker). Pulmonary vasoconstrictive response after antigen challenge was significantly blocked by both indomethacin and KT2-962, but not by H1 blocker. Although the H1 blocker, pyrilamine, did not significantly block the pulmonary vasoconstrictive response, it did significantly block the bronchoconstrictive response after antigen challenge; however, the bronchoconstrictive response was not blocked by either indomethacin or KT2-962. We conclude that thromboxane is the main mediator in the pulmonary vasoconstrictive response, and histamine is the main mediator in the bronchoconstrictive response.

Animals↗