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Biomedical subjects

N Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to N Yoshida.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Intraepidermal distribution patterns of melanocytes in the melanocytic lesions on the sole: proposed criteria for histopathologic diagnosis of plantar malignant melanoma in situ].

Eighty-eight melanocytic lesions on the soles of Japanese were histologically investigated. Increased numbers of solitary melanocytes above the basal layer of the epidermis were often found in the benign melanocytic nevi on the sole: in 5 lesions of 9 congenital melanocytic nevi, 22 of 65 acquired melanocytic nevi, and 1 of 5 dysplastic nevi. In addition, a moderate degree of nuclear atypia of proliferating melanocytes was frequently observed in the benign melanocytic nevi on the sole: in 3 lesions of 9 congenital melanocytic nevi, 17 of 65 acquired melanocytic nevi, and 2 of 5 dysplastic nevi. Therefore it cannot be said that increased numbers of solitary atypical melanocytes above the basal layer is a characteristic histologic feature of early malignant melanoma in situ. Combining the intraepidermal distribution patterns of melanocytes and maximum diameter of the lesion, we propose criteria for histopathologic diagnosis of plantar malignant melanoma in situ.

Foot↗
PubMed1989

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia associated with a transient deficiency of factor XIII.

A three-year-old girl suffering from ecchymoses developed severe epistaxis. The diagnosis of thrombasthenia was made on the basis of platelet aggregation studies, flow cytometric analysis with monoclonal antibodies and gel electrophoretic analysis. In addition, coagulation studies at the time of epistaxis repeatedly showed a transient deficiency of factor XIII activity and antigen.

Blood Platelet Disorders↗
PubMed1989

[Protective effects of ulinastatin on hepatic oxygen metabolism during halothane anesthesia in the presence of graded hypoxic hypoxemia].

Hepatic oxygen metabolism and the hepatic energy charge were assessed in mongrel dogs receiving 40,000 U.kg-1 of ulinastatin intra-portally during 2 MAC halothane anesthesia combined with graded hypoxic hypoxemia (21-6% oxygen) for the purpose of evaluating the role of ulinastatin in protecting the liver against the deprivation of the hepatic energy charge resulting in halothane-induced hepatotoxicity. Hepatic blood flow was measured using electromagnetic flowmetry; hepatic oxygen delivery and consumption were calculated from measured hepatic blood flow and oxygen content in hepatic arterial, portal venous and hepatic venous blood. In the animals who received ulinastatin during halothane anesthesia (the UST group), nine out of ten survived even at 8% oxygen, whereas six out of eight died in the halothane-alone group. There was no significant difference in total hepatic blood flow between the two groups. PaO2 was higher in the UST group than the halothane-alone group at 15 and 12% oxygen. Therefore hepatic oxygen delivery was significantly higher in the UST group at 15 and 12% oxygen. Hepatic oxygen consumption and the delivery/consumption ratio were also higher in the UST group at the various inspired oxygen levels. The arterial ketone body ratio, which indicates the mitochondrial energy charge level, significantly decreased with the progress of hypoxia in both groups, but it was significantly higher in the UST group at 8% oxygen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

[Localization and invasion of the femur in the rat by a soft tissue tumor induced by pellets made of hydroxypropylcellulose mixed with 20-methylcholanthrene: special reference to effects of the periosteum].

Pellets made of a carcinogenic substance, methylcholanthrene admixed with a high molecular substance, hydroxypropycellulose were implanted into the thigh of 90 Wistar white female rats of 5 weeks of age (3 groups, 30 rats each). Ten control rats did not receive the pellets. In group 1, the pellets were placed at the window made at the cortex of the right femur; in group 2, into the space between the cortex and the periosteum; in group 3, into the pouch created outside of the periosteum. Twenty weeks after implantation, spindle cell sarcoma developed in 28 rats of group 1, 27 of group 2, and 21 of group 3. Tumor invasions into the bone marrow of the femur were seen in 14 rats in group 1 (46.7%), 5 in group 2 (18.5%). In group 3, however, tumor invasion was not observed. There were significant differences in the frequency of tumor invasion between group 1 and 2 (p less than 0.01) as well as between group 2 and 3 (p less than 0.05). At implant sites, group 2 showed thinning out of periosteum, while group 3 exhibited thickening of both cortex and periosteum. This experimental results suggested that periosteum provides an important barrier in the bone against tumor invasion.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical and histopathologic analyses of pigmented macular lesions on the soles of Japanese--proposal of a clinical guideline for detection of early malignant melanoma on the sole].

Of 92 pigmented macular lesions on the soles of Japanese, 88 lesions were histologically confirmed to be melanocytic: 65 ordinary acquired melanocytic nevi, 9 congenital melanocytic nevi, 5 dysplastic nevi, and 5 possible and 4 definite lesions of early malignant melanomas. None of the ordinary acquired melanocytic nevi were more than 7 mm in maximum diameter. Excluding congenital melanocytic nevi, there were 8 lesions whose greatest diameters were more than 7 mm: 2 dysplastic nevi, and 2 possible and 4 definite lesions of early malignant melanoma. Judging from the data obtained in this study, we propose the following clinical guideline for the detection of early lesions of malignant melanoma on the sole. If the pigmented lesions have no possibility of being congenital melanocytic nevus, black heel, lesions of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, or 5-FU induced lesions, measure the maximum diameters. 1) Lesions with a diameter of more than 7 mm should be excised for histological evaluation. 2) Lesions with a diameter between 6 and 7 mm should be examined histologically when they show conspicuous irregularity in shape, color and/or border or are observed on the soles of a patient older than 50.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Role of lipid peroxidation and polymorphonuclear leukocytes-derived oxygen radicals in acute gastric lesions induced by hyperthermic treatment].

Acute gastric lesions were experimentally induced by local hyperthermic treatment (42 degrees C, 40 min). Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactants in the gastric mucosa were significantly increased 40 min after the hyperthermia. There were no changes in gastric mucosal blood flow and gastric acid secretion. The total area of gastric erosions and TBA reactant in gastric mucosa of rats deficient in vitamin E were significantly increased compared with those of rats supplemented with vitamin E. The increase in the total area of gastric erosions and TBA reactants in gastric mucosa were significantly inhibited by the treatment of bovine Cu, Zn-SOD and bovine catalase, and by the depletion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Allopurinol did not show any influence on these pathological changes induced by hyperthermia. These results suggest that lipid peroxidation and PMN-derived oxygen radicals may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric lesions induced by hyperthermic treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study on alcoholic pancreatitis in alcoholics (especially in ERP findings)].

The pancreatic functions (PFD test and 75g GTT), pancreatic enzymes (serum-amylase, urine-amylase, serum-elastase I and serum-lipase), alcohol consumption histories, clinical symptoms, histological findings in the liver and ERP findings have been examined in 66 alcoholic patients. Fourty two out of 66 cases (64%) showed abnormal ERP findings which were compatible with chronic pancreatitis. But among these 42 cases, only 9 cases (21%) showed clinical symptoms such as epigastralgia, back pain, diarrhea and emaciation which suggest the existence of chronic pancreatitis. The degree of liver damage, alcohol consumption have no significant correlation with ERP findings. Furthermore, the severe alcoholic pancreatitis occurred in patients having mild liver injury more than those having severe liver injury such as cirrhosis. And the data of pancreatic functions and enzymes could not confirm ERP findings especially in patients with mild and moderate pancreatic injury when compared to normal ERP findings. We concluded that asymptomatic alcoholic pancreatitis occurred more frequently in painless alcoholic. It may be not suitable for only using the normal pancreatic functions test to diagnose the alcohol induced chronic pancreatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A sensitive two-site enzyme immunoassay for human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) using monoclonal antibodies.

By using monoclonal antibody against human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), we developed a highly sensitive, simple, and reliable two-site enzyme immunoassay system. The minimum amount of PSTI detected by this EIA is approximately 10 pg/ml when a 100 microliter aliquot of the sample is used. Good reproducibilities of within- and between-assay series and excellent recovery of exogenous PSTI from serum were observed. The correlation between the values obtained by the EIA and RIA methods was given by the linear regression equation, y = 1.09x + 4.6, for which the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.980 (n = 20). Antigenicity of the trypsin-PSTI complexes was found to be approximately 10% of that of PSTI. From these results, it seems that our recently developed EIA system for PSTI is useful in clinical testing for quantitation of PSTI in body fluids, for biochemical studies on synthesis and secretion of PSTI, and also for study of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of acute pancreatitis and certain malignant neoplasms.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of an apparently lower molecular weight gamma-chain variant in fibrinogen Kyoto I. The replacement of gamma-asparagine 308 by lysine which causes accelerated cleavage of fragment D1 by plasmin and the generation of a new plasmin cleavage site.

Congenitally abnormal fibrinogen Kyoto I with impaired fibrin monomer polymerization contains a normal gamma-chain and a gamma-chain variant (gamma Kyoto I) that has an apparently lower Mr on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the Laemmli system (Laemmli, U. K. (1970) Nature 227, 680-685) but migrates with apparently normal Mr in the Weber and Osborn system (Weber, K., and Osborn, M. (1969) J. Biol. Chem. 244, 4406-4412). Reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic analyses of the cyanogen bromide or lysyl endopeptidase cleavage fragments of the purified gamma-chains of fibrinogen Kyoto I showed the presence of peptides not seen from normal fibrinogen. Amino acid sequence analysis of these peptides indicated that gamma Asn308 of the gamma-chain variant is replaced by lysine. Purified fragment D1 of fibrinogen Kyoto I also contains two types of D1 gamma-remnants: normal and apparently lower Mr types. Abnormal fragment D1 is cleaved faster to fragments D2 and D3 by plasmin in the presence of [ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)]tetraacetic acid (EGTA) than normal fragment D1, as analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by immunoblotting using anti-gamma-chain monoclonal antibody. Analysis of peptides released from fragment D1 by plasmin in the presence of EGTA demonstrated the cleavage of the gamma Lys308-Gly309 bond. Fragment D1 of fibrinogen Kyoto I has normal calcium binding properties. The data suggest that a region or conformation containing gamma Asn308 affects the polymerization of fibrin monomers and that the gamma Asn308----Lys replacement causes a conformational change in the gamma-chain which results in the accelerated cleavage of gamma Lys356-Ala357 and gamma Lys302-Phe303 bonds by plasmin and also results in the generation of a new plasmin cleavage site between Lys308 and Gly309 in the presence of EGTA. During these studies, we found that part of the gamma Lys212-Glu213 bond in fragment D1 is cleaved by plasmin in the presence of EGTA.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the human thrombin-antithrombin III complex.

Monoclonal antibodies were raised against human thrombin-antithrombin III complex by a hybridoma technique. Among them, five monoclonal antibodies, designated as JITAT-4, -14, -16, -17 and -19, were found to react with thrombin-antithrombin III, but not with its nascent components, alpha-thrombin or antithrombin III. Their respective immunoglobulin classes are IgG1 for JITAT-16 and -19, and IgG2a for JITAT-4, -14 and -17. Besides the thrombin-antithrombin III complex, they all bound to the Factor Xa-antithrombin III complex and the active-site-cleaved two-chain antithrombin III as well. Moreover, the reactivity of these two antibodies to the neoantigens was not affected by heparin, suggesting that their epitopes are independent of heparin-induced conformational changes of antithrombin III. Two of them, JITAT-16 and -17, were categorized as high-affinity antibodies to thrombin-antithrombin III complex, the dissociation constants being 6.7 nM and 4.8 nM, respectively. However, they do not share antigenic determinants. These monoclonal antibodies may allow us to explore more precisely the reaction between antithrombin III and thrombin or its related enzymes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗