Magnetic dipole transitions in superdeformed nuclei.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
N Yoshida
Publications and source records attributed to N Yoshida.
Case report: multiple cancers: hepatocellular carcinoma and adenocarcinomas of the common bile duct and the gall-bladder in a woman with primary biliary cirrhosis.
We present a case of primary biliary cirrhosis associated with simultaneous triple cancers: a hepatocellular carcinoma and adenocarcinomas of the common bile duct and gall-bladder. A 70 year old Japanese woman, who had been diagnosed with primary biliary cirrhosis (stage 2 by Scheuer) 15 years before, was admitted to Koseiren Kamo Hospital in a comatose state. Laboratory data were as follows: the ammonia level was high (164.0 micrograms/dL), the antimitochondrial antibody showed a 320-fold increase, a high level of alpha-fetoprotein was indicated (2677 ng/mL), hepatitis B surface antigen was negative and hepatitis C antibody by enzyme immunoassay was negative, although a test for the RNA of hepatitis C virus by polymerase chain reaction was positive (10(3.5) copies/50 microL). The patient's condition gradually worsened and the patient died of liver failure. Autopsy showed triple cancers in the liver (hepatocellular carcinoma; trabecular type, moderately differentiated), the common bile duct (well-differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma) and the gall-bladder (well-differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma) with primary biliary cirrhosis (stage 4). Primary biliary cirrhosis has been believed to be a low risk for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, despite the high risk of extrahepatic malignancy. The simultaneous occurrence of triple cancers with primary biliary cirrhosis, to the best of our knowledge, has never been reported. The present case may provide additional evidence for a predisposition to malignancy in primary biliary cirrhosis.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Case report: fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma in a Japanese woman: a case report and review of Japanese cases.
Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHCC) is an entity distinct from ordinary hepatocellular carcinoma and is very rare in Oriental countries. We present here a Japanese case of FLHCC in a 25 year old woman, and review Japanese cases of FLHCC. The patient had mild abdominal pain when the hepatic tumour was revealed by ultrasonography. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis C antibody were negative and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was within the normal limit. Ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy was performed and the tumour was histologically diagnosed as FLHCC. A right lobectomy of the liver was then performed. Macroscopically, the tumour (10 x 10 x 8 cm) was circumscribed, rather hard and yellowish white. Microscopically, neoplastic hepatocytes were polygonal and large with eosinophilic cytoplasm, which contained pale bodies. A number of fibrous stroma were arranged in thin parallel bands. Consequently, the case was diagnosed as FLHCC. In Japan, approximately 18,000 people die of ordinary hepatocellular carcinoma annually, while only nine cases (including the present case; six males, three females) of FLHCC in Japanese subjects have been reported previously. The mean age of the Japanese cases of FLHCC is 20.9 years old. One case with positive HBsAg, liver cirrhosis and high level of AFP was observed of nine cases. The nature of FLHCC in Japanese subjects may not be significantly different from that in Caucasians, except for male predominance.
Adult↗
A recombinant protein based on the Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigote 82-kilodalton antigen that induces and effective immune response to acute infection.
To further investigate the immunological properties of the stage-specific 82-kDa glycoprotein (gp82) of Trypanosoma cruzi metacyclic trypomastigotes, previously shown to induce antigen-specific humoral and T-cell responses in mice, we performed a series of experiments with recombinant proteins containing sequences of gp82 fused to glutathione S-transferase. Of five fusion proteins tested, only J18b and J18b1, the carboxyproximal peptides containing amino acids 224 to 516 and 303 to 516, respectively, were recognized by monoclonal antibody 3F6 as well as by various anti-T. cruzi antisera and, when administered to mice, were capable of eliciting antibodies directed to the native gp82. The amino-terminal peptide and other carboxyterminal recombinant proteins lacking the central domain of gp82 (amino acids 224 to 356), which is exposed on the surface of live metacyclic forms, did not display any of these properties. Spleen cells derived from mice immunized with any of the five recombinant proteins proliferated in vitro in the presence of native gp82.J18b was the most stimulatory, whereas J18b3, the peptide containing amino acids 408 to 516, elicited the weakest response. When BALB/c mice immunized with J18b antigen plus A1(OH)3 as adjuvant were challenged 10 5 metacyclic trypomastigotes, 85% of them resisted acute infection, in comparison with control mice that received glutathione S-transferase plus adjuvant. Antibodies induced by J18b protein lacked agglutinating or complement-dependent lytic activity and failed to neutralize parasite infectivity. On the other hand, CD4+T cells from the spleens of J18b-immunized mice displayed an intense proliferative activity upon stimulation with 1.25 microgram of native gp82 per ml, which resulted in increased production of gamma interferon, a cytokine associated with resistance to T. cruzi infection.
Acute Disease↗
Synthesis and biological activity of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-ethoxy-3-hydroxybenzamides, metabolites of a new gastroprokinetic agent, mosapride.
To confirm the proposed structures of the minor metabolites of a potential gastroprokinetic agent, mosapride, 4-amino-5-chloro-2-ethoxy-3-hydroxy-N-(2-morpholinylmethyl)benzamide (3) and the N-(5-oxo-2-morpholinyl)-methyl analogue 4 were prepared. As the common intermediate, 2-ethoxy-3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid (15) was prepared via the regioselective ethylation of 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (10) and subsequent nitration of the resultant 2-ethoxy-3-hydroxybenzaldehyde (11). The key intermediate 15 was converted into the benzamides 3 and 4. After enzymatic treatment of the isolated metabolites, their structures were identified by comparison with the synthetic compounds. Serotonin-4 receptor binding affinity of these metabolites was found to be lower than that of mosapride.
Animals↗
Production of fructosyl lysine oxidase from Fusarium oxysporum S-1F4 on autoclave-browned medium.
In Fusarium oxysporum S-1F4, fructosyl lysine oxidase (FLOD) was induced with N epsilon-fructosyl N alpha-Z-lysine (epsilon-FL), which is a model compound of a glycated protein, and the induction was inhibited by the addition of cycloheximide in the growing cells. FLOD formation was greatly enhanced in an autoclave-browned medium containing glucose and L-lysine. Some Amadori compounds formed from glucose and L-lysine during autoclaving were assumed to induce the enzyme. After optimization of the culture conditions, FLOD produced in the browned medium was comparable to that in the medium with epsilon-FL.
Amino Acids↗
[Leiomyosarcoma of the gallbladder].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
[Pathogenesis and therapy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric mucosal injury].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Local gastric and serum concentrations of rebamipide following oral administration to patients with chronic gastritis.
The potential anti-ulcer action of rebamipide (CAS 11911-87-6, OPC-12759) on experimental and clinical injury to the gastric mucosa depends on its presence in sufficient concentration in the gastric mucosa. To investigate its local penetration, rebamipide levels in the gastric mucosa and serum were measured. A dose of 100 mg of rebamipide was given orally (tablet) to patients with chronic gastritis (n = 32). Gastroscopy was performed between 22 and 353 min after drug ingestion. Venous blood was sampled for determination of serum concentrations. Samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The maximal concentration in the gastric mucosa was reached after 30-60 min, and the concentration remained elevated for about 120 min thereafter. The mean mucosal concentration of rebamipide between 30 and 120 min after ingestion was 60.0 +/- 109.8 micrograms/g of tissue, which was higher than 0.1 mmol/l (37 micrograms/g of tissue). The serum concentration of rebamipide peaked about 30-60 min after drug ingestion and remained elevated for about 5 h thereafter. The mean serum concentration of rebamipide between 30 and 120 min after ingestion was 0.25 +/- 0.23 microgram/ml, being below the level of 1.0 mumol/l (0.37 microgram/ml). Data indicate that the concentration of rebamipide in the gastric mucosa resulted from local penetration, and suggest that the blood level and systemic distribution of rebamipide have little effect on its antioxidative and anti-neutrophilic activities.
Adult↗
[Establishment of a new human ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma cell line (IM), and influence on cell proliferations by cisplatin with or without hyperthermia].
A new cell line, designated IM has been established from operation material derived from a woman with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma. The population doubling time of the 35th passage IM cell was 28.8 hours. And it was successively subcultured 165 times in over 7 years, moreover still kept CA125 production. The nuclear DNA and cell surface CA125 antigen were double stained by propidium iodide and anti CA125 monoclonal antibody-FITC. Then the two color cytogram obtained by flow cytometry was drawn up. For the most part of CA125 positive cell retained G0 + G1 of cell cycle, the lesser part was in G2 + M phase. The S phase rate of IM cell incubated with cisplatin at 37 degrees C or 41 degrees C for 1 hour that estimated by BrdU-propidium iodide double stain method of flow cytometry, it was suggested that the inhibition of DNA synthesis by cisplatin was increased with 41 degrees C low hyperthermia.
CA-125 Antigen↗
Effect of a novel histamine H2 receptor antagonist, IT-066, on acute gastric injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats, and its antioxidative properties.
The effect of a novel histamine H2 receptor antagonist IT-066 (3-amino-4-[4-[4-(1-piperidinomethyl)-2-pyridyloxy]-cis-2-++ +butenylamino]- 3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione hydrochloride), on acute gastric mucosal injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion was investigated from the standpoint of oxygen radical-mediated lipid peroxidation in rats. Ischemia-reperfusion injury was produced in the rat stomach by applying a small vascular clamp to the celiac artery for 30 min and subsequent removal of the clamp for 60 min. The decrease in gastric mucosal blood flow was not influenced by treatment with IT-066. The antiulcer activity of IT-066 was demonstrated in this injury after intragastric ingestion as well as after intravenous injection. IT-066 significantly inhibited this injury in the presence of exogenous HCl. The mucosal protection by IT-066 was not reversed by pretreatment with indomethacin or nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. The increase in lipid peroxides in the gastric mucosa after ischemia-reperfusion was significantly inhibited by the intragastric treatment with IT-066 at doses of 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg. The total area of erosions closely paralleled the accumulation of lipid peroxide with a significant correlation. A spin trapping method using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide showed that IT-066 scavenged superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical generated by the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system and the hydrogen peroxide-ferrous iron system, respectively. IT-066 also significantly inhibited the in vitro increase of lipid peroxide in the gastric mucosal homogenates induced by a free radical initiator. These results suggest that the protective effect of IT-066 against ischemia/reperfusion-induced gastric mucosal injury may result in part from its antioxidative properties.
Animals↗
Purification and characterization of a new serine proteinase from Bacillus subtilis with specificity for amino acids at P1 and P2 positions.
A proteinase was purified 230-fold to apparent homogeneity from culture filtrates of Bacillus subtilis by a series of column chromatographies on DE52, DEAE-Toyopearl, Cellulofine GC200M, and Mono-Q, using Boc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Ser-pNA as a substrate. The molecular weight of the proteinase was estimated to be 42,000 by SDS-PAGE in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. Studies on the substrate specificity with peptide p-nitroanilides and natural peptides revealed that this proteinase preferentially hydrolyzed the peptide bond on the carboxyl-terminal side of either serine or alanine residues at the P1 position and hydrophobic bulky amino acids at P2. It was most active at pH 9.5 for the hydrolysis of Boc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Ser-pNA. The enzyme was inactivated by diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), but not by tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethylketone (TPCK) or by EDTA. Based on the reactivity toward substrates and inhibitors, this enzyme differs from elastase- or subtilisin-like proteinase, hence it is a new type of proteinase with specificity for amino acids at P1 and P2 positions.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
The lipid structure of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored mucin-like sialic acid acceptors of Trypanosoma cruzi changes during parasite differentiation from epimastigotes to infective metacyclic trypomastigote forms.
The major acceptors of sialic acid on the surface of metacyclic trypomastigotes, which are the infective forms of Trypanosoma cruzi found in the insect vector, are mucin-like glycoproteins linked to the parasite membrane via glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors. Here we have compared the lipid and the carbohydrate structure of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors and the O-linked oligosaccharides of the mucins isolated from metacyclic trypomastigotes and noninfective epimastigote forms obtained in culture. The single difference found was in the lipid structure. While the phosphatidylinositol moiety of the epimastigote mucins contains mainly 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-hexadecanoylphosphatidylinositol, the phosphatidylinositol moiety of the metacyclic trypomastigote mucins contains mostly (approximately 70%) inositol phosphoceramides, consisting of a C18:0 sphinganine long chain base and mainly C24:0 and C16:0 fatty acids. The remaining 30% of the metacyclic phosphatidylinositol moieties are the same alkylacylphosphatidylinositol species found in epimastigotes. In contrast, the glycosylphosphatidylinositol glycan cores of both molecules are very similar, mainly Man alpha 1-2Man alpha 1-2Man alpha 1- 6Man alpha 1-4GlcN. The glycans are substituted at the GlcN residue and at the third alpha Man distal to the GlcN residue by ethanolamine phosphate or 2-aminoethylphosphonate groups. The structures of the desialylated O-linked oligosaccharides of the metacyclic trypomastigote mucin-like molecules, released by beta-elimination with concomitant reduction, are identical to the structures reported for the epimastigote mucins (Previato, J. O., Jones, C., Gonçalves, L. P. B., Wait, R., Travassos, L. R., and Mendoça-Previato, L. (1994) Biochem. J. 301, 151-159). In addition, a significant amount of nonsubstituted N-acetylglucosaminitol was released from the mucins of both forms of the parasite. Taken together, these results indicate that when epimastigotes transform into infective metacyclic trypomastigotes, the phosphatidylinositol moiety of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor of the major acceptor of sialic acid is modified, while the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor and O-linked sugar chains remain essentially unchanged.
Animals↗
Transcription factors NF-IL6 and APRF involved in gp130-mediated signaling pathway.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute-Phase Proteins↗
Targeted disruption of the NF-IL6 gene discloses its essential role in bacteria killing and tumor cytotoxicity by macrophages.
To investigate the role of NF-IL6 in vivo, we have generated NF-IL6 (-/-) mice by gene targeting. NF-IL6 (-/-) mice were highly susceptible to infection by Listeria monocytogenes. Electron microscopic observation revealed the escape of a larger number of pathogens from the phagosome to the cytoplasm in activated macrophages from NF-IL6 (-/-) mice. Furthermore, the tumor cytotoxicity of macrophages from NF-IL6 (-/-) mice was severely impaired. However, cytokines involved in macrophage activation, such as TNF and IFN gamma, were induced normally in NF-IL6 (-/-) mice. Nitric oxide (NO) formation was induced to a similar extent in macrophages from both wild-type and NF-IL6 (-/-) mice. These results demonstrate the crucial role of NF-IL6 in macrophage bactericidal and tumoricidal activities as well as the existence of a NO-independent mechanism of these activities. We also demonstrate that NF-IL6 is essential for the induction of G-CSF in macrophages and fibroblasts.
Animals↗
Characterization of the 5'-flanking region and chromosomal assignment of the human brain natriuretic peptide gene.
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a cardiac hormone that occurs predominantly in the ventricle, and synthesis and secretion of BNP are greatly augmented in patients with congestive heart failure and in animal models of ventricular hypertrophy. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the human BNP gene expression in the heart, the human BNP gene was isolated from a size-selected genomic minilibrary. The 1.9-kb human BNP 5'-flanking region (-1813 to +110) contained an array of putative cis-acting regulatory elements. Various lengths of the cloned 5'-flanking sequences were linked upstream to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene, and their promoter activities were assayed. The 1.9-kb promoter region showed a high-level CAT activity in cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiocytes. When the CT-rich sequences (-1288 to -1095) were deleted, the high-level activity was reduced to approximately 30%. The 399-bp BNP 5'-flanking region (-289 to +110) showed approximately 10% activity of the 1.9-kb region. Furthermore, using human-rodent somatic hybrid cell lines, the BNP gene was assigned to human chromosome 1, on which the atrial natriuretic peptide gene is localized. The present study leads to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms for the human BNP gene expression in the heart.
Animals↗
Sympathetic and sensory innervation of the rat shoulder joint: a WGA-HRP tracing and CGRP immunohistochemical study.
The innervation of the shoulder joint of the rat was investigated. Nerve origin was assessed by injection of a neuronal tracer (WGA-HRP) into the shoulder joint cavity and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is known to be present in some sensory neurons, was detected immunohistochemically with an anti-CGRP antibody. In the ipsilateral sympathetic and dorsal root ganglia, 133-312 and 12-55 nerve cell bodies were respectively labeled by injection of the tracer. In the sympathetic ganglia, 83% of all labeled cells were found in the stellate ganglion and 17% in the superior cervical ganglion. In the dorsal root ganglia, 75% of the labeled cells were found in C4 and the neighboring ganglia (C4-C5), while the rest were observed in C6-8 and T3. This suggested that the origin of sensory innervation for the shoulder joint was mainly in the mid-cervical cord. CGRP-immunoreactive fibers were found in the synovial capsule of the shoulder joint. These fibers were fine and resembled type 4 axons as classified by Brodal, i.e., nerve related to pain sensation. These findings indicate that sensory nerves from the mid-cervical cord and sympathetic nerves from the cervical ganglion are distributed to the shoulder joint. It is possible that these nerves are related to symptoms such as pain in patients with "frozen" shoulder or other diseases.
Animals↗
Origin of the calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the rat shoulder joint.
The rat shoulder joint capsule is innervated by thin sympathetic and sensory nerve fibers, most of which contain calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). In order to establish the origin and distribution of CGRP-immunoreactive (IR) fibers, wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) was injected into the shoulder joints of rats via a dorsal surgical approach. After WGA-HRP injection, the cervico-thoracic dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were removed and processed using both HRP histochemistry and CGRP immunohistochemistry. In the C4 to C7 DRG, small to medium-sized neurons (20-40 microns) were labeled by this combined method. The number and size of the labeled neurons were measured in the cervical 4th-7th DRG. The number of double-labeled neurons was one quarter of the total number of HRP-labeled neurons and 1/20 of the CGRP-IR neurons. Most of the double-labeled cells were located in the C6 ganglion, and the mean number of double-labeled neurons was 13 at this level. This distribution and function of the CGRP-IR fibers in the rat shoulder joint capsule are discussed.
Animals↗