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Biomedical subjects

N Yasuda

Publications and source records attributed to N Yasuda.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Soluble interleukin-2 receptors in the serum of patients with chronic renal failure.

The levels of soluble form of the interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were evaluated in the peripheral blood of 29 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All patients had undergone hemodialysis and the mean (+/- S.D.) BUN was before hemodialysis was 80.9 +/- 22.4 mg/100 ml. The mean level of sIL-2R was 1146 +/- 258 U/ml, which was significantly higher than the level (288 +/- 118 U/ml) in 12 individuals with a normal BUN level (p = 0.01). In patients with CRF, the elevated sIL-2R level was not influenced by hemodialysis, and not correlated with creatinine or beta 2-microglobulin levels. The kidneys may play an important role in the catabolism of serum sIL-2R. The elevated sIL-2R level may be related to compromised immunoregulation in CRF.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1988

Soluble interleukin 2 receptors in sera of Japanese patients with adult T cell leukemia mark activity of disease.

Serum concentrations of soluble interleukin 2 receptors (sIL 2R) were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 30 patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL), in 9 patients with other hematopoietic malignancies, and in 17 asymptomatic individuals seropositive for human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I). Sixty HTLV-I seronegative, age-matched controls showed a normal range of form 63.2 to 480.8 U/mL. All asymptomatic carriers of HTLV-I had sIL 2R in their sera within the normal range. sIL 2R in sera was not related to the anti-HTLV-I antibody titer. Eleven patients with acute ATL, a clinical phenotype with median survival rate of 4.4 months, had markedly elevated sIL 2R (11,100 to 99,000 U/mL), but eight patients with smoldering ATL had low sIL 2R values (less than 480.8 U/mL) comparable to controls. Eleven patients with chronic ATL had intermediate elevated levels of sIL 2R (480.8 to 37,300.0 U/mL). Serum levels of sIL 2R correlated with the number of ATL cells (r = 0.812) and CD25-positive cells (r = 0.725) circulating in the peripheral blood. Longitudinal studies performed in four patients with ATL showed significant correlation between serum concentration of sIL 2R and activity of the malignancy. These findings suggest that the level of sIL 2R in serum indicated tumor load and, possibly, prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of Eimeria tenella infection on the caecal population of lincomycin-resistant Clostridium perfringens introduced into chickens.

The effect of Eimeria tenella infection on the caecal population of lincomycin-resistant Clostridium perfringens (KGW 851) newly introduced into chickens was studied. Four groups of chickens consisted of: (1) Uninoculated controls; (2) inoculated with C perfringens (KGW 851); (3) inoculated with E tenella; and (4) inoculated with C perfringens (KGW 851) followed by E tenella. Five chickens in each group were necropsied on each of days 0, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 after the E tenella inoculation. The mean total C perfringens counts in the caecal contents increased at five days after E tenella inoculation and reached maximum counts at seven days after the inoculation. Also lincomycin-resistant C perfringens readily established itself at approximately one 10th of the total C perfringens population in the presence or absence of E tenella infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Studies on the absorption and excretion of rokitamycin in infant beagle dogs. Comparison with adult beagle dogs].

Absorption and excretion of rokitamycin (RKM) were studied after oral administration of 50 mg/kg to fasted infant and adult Beagle dogs. In infant Beagle dogs, the mean plasma level of RKM reached its peak of 6.53 micrograms/ml in 15 minutes after administration. The area under the curve (AUC) value was 11.04 micrograms.hr/ml. In adult Beagle dogs, the mean plasma level of RKM reached its peak of 8.62 micrograms/ml in 30 minutes after administration. The AUC value was 18.25 micrograms.hr/ml. Ratios of Cmax and AUC value in infant Beagle dogs to those in adults were about 75% and 60%, respectively. In infant Beagle dogs, urinary excretion of RKM was 2.55% of the dose within 24 hours. In adult Beagle dogs, urinary excretion of RKM was 3.03% of the dose within the same period. The excretion ratio of RKM in infant Beagle dogs was about 85% of the adults' value.

Absorption↗
PubMed1988

[Studies on absorption and excretion of rokitamycin dry syrup in healthy volunteers].

The absorption and excretion of rokitamycin (RKM) in dry syrup form for children were studied following oral administration to fasted healthy volunteers with high gastric acidity as a suitable model to estimate bioavailability of RKM in children. In a comparative study on tablet and dry syrup forms, peak plasma concentrations of RKM and areas under plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) values were calculated using the trapezoidal rule. RKM dry syrup gave about 84 and 86% of these values for RKM tablet. Urinary recovery of RKM in 8 hours with the administration of dry syrup was also about 80% of the value obtained with tablet. Judging from these results, the bioavailability of RKM administered as dry syrup, was fairly close to that obtained with RKM tablet. The AUC values were dose dependent when examined with dose levels of 300, 500 and 800 mg administered as RKM dry syrup. The AUC value and urinary recovery of RKM administered as dry syrup were 3-4 times higher than these values for midecamycin acetate administered also as dry syrup.

Absorption↗
PubMed1988

Minimum alveolar concentration of I-653 and isoflurane in pigs: definition of a supramaximal stimulus.

We determined the anesthetic potencies of a new fluorinated anesthetic, I-653, and isoflurane in pigs as a preliminary to a study of the relative cardiovascular and electroencephalographic effects of these agents. Clamps were sequentially applied to the dew claw and/or tail of each animal to determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) that suppressed movement in response to each of these stimuli. MAC obtained by clamping the tail (8.28 +/- 1.34% [mean +/- standard deviation] for I-653 and 1.65 +/- 0.36% for isoflurane) was more variable and lower than MAC obtained by clamping the dew claw (10.00 +/- 0.94% for I-653 and 2.04 +/- 0.19% for isoflurane). We conclude that the type of stimulus applied affects the MAC value obtained for I-653 and isoflurane. Clamping the tail is not a supramaximal stimulus in pigs; a greater stimulus is provided by clamping the dew claw.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1987

UFT for head and neck cancers: its tissue concentrations and effects on lymphocyte subpopulations.

UFT, a combination of the masked compound of 5-fluorouracil (FT-207) and uracil, was given to head and neck cancer patients for 1 week preoperatively and for 8 weeks postoperatively. Drug concentrations were examined in the surgically removed tissues. The concentrations of FT-207, 5-fluorouracil, and uracil were higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues. The lymphocyte subpopulations were assessed by cytofluorometry with monoclonal antibodies. There was no evidence that adjuvant chemotherapy with UFT specifically suppresses immunocompetent cells. We therefore conclude that further clinical evaluation of adjuvant chemotherapy with UFT would be worthwhile.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Serial section method for cytofluorometric determinations of the DNA content of component cells of the human cochlea.

We describe a method for measuring the DNA content of the component cells of the organ of Corti using serial sections of human cochleae obtained at autopsy. Cochleae were fixed in Carnoy's solution and embedded in Acrytron E, a water-miscible methacrylate resin. A procedure was developed to reduce the background fluorescence in methacrylate-embedded sections; the resin was pretreated with ion-exchange resin (Amberlite IRA-410). Experiments showed that pretreatment reduce the background fluorescence practically to zero. Seventy 3 microns-thick serial sections were prepared on fluorescence free glass slides and stained with azocarmin G and acriflavine-Feulgen. After postirradiation using blue excitation light, the amount of Feulgen-DNA present in the target nucleus in each section was determined using a microfluorometer. The amount of DNA in the entire nucleus was determined by adding together the DNA content of the segments of the nucleus. The characteristic appearance of the organ of Corti made it easy to detect these cells; under green excitation light the cells of this organ exhibited red cytoplasmic azocarmin-G fluorescence. Due to the relatively wide internuclear spaces, cytofluorometry fo individual nuclei could be performed without interference from the neighboring cells. Our technique using serial sections allowed us to measure the DNA content of individual cells and obtain histological information about particular cells and their neighboring cells. Several polyploid cells were found among the Hensen's cells in the cochlea, while all other component cells of the organ of Corti were diploid.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1987

Immunoregulatory T cells in males vulnerable to Epstein-Barr virus with the X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome.

The X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) is a primary immune deficiency. Affected males are vulnerable to fatal infection by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). In patients who had survived an infection by EBV, helper and cytotoxic T cells reactive to virus-transformed autologous B lymphoblastoid cells were infrequent. This was similar to that observed in normal individuals seronegative to EBV. In contrast, frequencies of the reactive T cells were high in normal controls seropositive to EBV. Patients with XLP also had a propensity to activate radiosensitive suppressor cells when their T cells were stimulated by EBV transformed B cells. Hence, clonal expansion of helper and cytotoxic T cells to virus-transformed B cells failed to occur during an EBV infection in these patients because of immunosuppression. These defects in the T cell repertoire of patients with XLP may predispose them to be susceptible to EBV-induced lymphoproliferation and contribute to the variability in expression of the phenotypes seen in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Nucleolus-associated J chains in myeloma cells: clinical significance.

Bone marrow aspirates from 20 patients with multiple myeloma (MM), 4 with smoldering multiple myeloma (S-MM), 1 with idiopathic Bence Jones proteinuria (I-BJP), and 6 with primary macroglobulinemia (PMG) were examined for nucleolus-associated J chain. The incidence of nucleolar J chain-positive (J+) cells among nucleolated cells producing M-component was measured. This incidence (94.0-100%) in terminal MM was significantly higher than that (0-58.0%) in non-terminal MM. Judging from a low incidence in the remission phase, chemotherapy might cause a selective elimination of less differentiated myeloma cells with J+ nucleoli and might have some effect on J chain synthesis. The incidence of nucleolar J+ cells was very low in S-MM. The IgM cells in PMG, where J chain is present in a disulfide-linked form, had no or few J+ nucleoli. No correlation between the incidence of nucleolar J+ cells among nucleolated plasma cells and the percentage of nucleolated cells or that of J+ cells was found. Large J+ nucleoli seemed to be another morphological feature indicating anaplastic myeloma cells. A high incidence of nucleolar J+ cells may be one of the indicators for progressive disease.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗