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Biomedical subjects

N Yamauchi

Publications and source records attributed to N Yamauchi.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Antitumor effect of the tumor necrosis factor against various types of human cancer cells].

The antitumor activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNA) against various human cancer cells (32 cases) was investigated by 51Cr cytotoxic release assay and tumor stem cell assay. Over 50% sensitivity (the ratio of cytotoxicity for L929 cells) was shown by 4 of 14 cases of gastric cancer (28.6%), 7 of 9 cases of leukemic cells (77.8%), and 1 case each of pancreatic carcinoma and ovarian cancer. However, scarcely any sensitivity was shown by APL, a portion of the gastric cancer cells, normal lymphocytes or colony-forming cells tested. No correspondence was observed between the histological type of the cancer and TNF sensitivity. The above results seem to confirm the significant antitumor activity of TNF against human cancer cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Decreased airway responsiveness to histamine in gold salt-treated guinea pigs.

The effect of gold salts on airway responsiveness was examined because gold salts appear to be effective in relieving asthmatic symptoms. Seventeen guinea pigs were administered an intramuscular injection of 1 mg of gold sodium thiomalate once a week, and 10 control animals were administered an injection of saline. Three months after the start of the injections, guinea pigs administered gold salt demonstrated significantly decreased airway responsiveness to histamine assessed by respiratory flow patterns and resistance. Some guinea pigs in each group were sacrificed 3 mo after the start of injections, and cyclic nucleotides were measured in the trachea, lung homogenates, and the plasma. No difference was found in the level of adenosine cyclic 3', 5'-monophosphate or guanosine cyclic 3',5' -monophosphate in gold salt-treated animals and control animals. The way in which gold salt alleviates the symptoms of bronchial asthma is discussed on the basis of the results.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1984

Contraction of guinea pig trachea with antibodies to guinea pig IgE. An in vitro model for asthma. II. Reactivity of guinea pig tracheas to anti IgG1 and anti IgG2 in comparison with anti IgE.

Although relatively small quantities of antibody to guinea pig IgE were shown to contract isolated guinea pig trachea in vitro, relatively large quantities of anti IgG1 were required to elicit similar responses. Under similar conditions, anti IgG2 did not provoke contraction. Following intravenous injection of these antisera into normal guinea pigs, anaphylaxis or asthma could be only provoked by anti IgE.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Gold-induced reduction in reactivity to histamine in isolated guinea pig tracheal rings.

Direct effects of gold preparations on the smooth muscle were investigated on isolated guinea pig tracheal rings. Pretreatment of the tracheal rings for 150 min with 100 microM of gold sodium thiomalate [Au(I)] significantly reduced the contraction heights induced by 4.5 microM histamine from 0.24 +/- 0.02 to 0.14 +/- 0.01 g (p less than 0.01). Gold chloride [Au(III)] was far more potent in its inhibitory effects than gold sodium thiomalate. With 15 min preincubation, gold chloride significantly suppressed the histamine-induced contraction (p less than 0.05) at such a low concentration as 10 microM (3.4 micrograms/ml). Gold chloride as well as gold sodium thiomalate did not interfere with the ciliary motion of the tracheal epithelium, whereas colchicine, having no effect on the histamine-induced contraction, did interfere with ciliary motion. These results reveal that gold itself inhibits noncaustically the guinea pig tracheal contraction induced by histamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Serum IgE and IgE antibody levels in patients with bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic granulomas of the soft tissue (Kimura's disease) and other diseases.

Hyper-IgE immunoglobulinemia was observed in bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic granuloma of the soft tissue (Kimura's disease), disseminated visceral eosinophilic granulomas (Zuelzer-Apt syndrome) and disseminated eosinophilic collagen disease, IgE antibodies to environmental allergens (Dermatophagoides farinae mites, Aspergillus fumigatus, mountain cedar pollen, and Candida albicans) were found in bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis and combinations of the two, but were not significantly detected in the latter three diseases. Hyper-IgE immunoglobulinemia may be divided into two groups on the basis of the presence of specific IgE antibodies directed to environmental allergens. The presence of antimite IgE antibodies in atopic dermatitis sera was confirmed by radioimmunoelectrophoresis. Anti-mite IgE antibodies in atopic dermatitis were heterogeneous in their specificity and the allergenic moieties to which IgE antibodies were directed varied from one case to another.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Homology of L-gulonolactone oxidase of species belonging to Mammalia, Aves, and Amphibia.

Immunological cross-reactivity of L-gulonolactone oxidase of different species (rat, chicken, and bullfrog) was tested by the Ouchterlony technique. Antiserum directed against the enzyme from chicken kidney reacted with rat liver enzyme as well as with bullfrog kidney enzyme. This finding suggests that there is, at least partly, sequence homology among the enzyme from species belonging to the three classes, Mammalian, Aves, and Amphibia.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Somatosensory evoked potentials elicited by mechanical and electrical stimulation of each single pain or tactile spot of the skin.

Single pain and tactile spots on the dorsum of the right hand in man were stimulated by electric pulses and mechanical taps using a needle to a pain spot and a horse tail bristle to a tactile one. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and far field potentials (FFPs) were observed in three volunteers by averaging of 200 or 400 samples of responses recorded from scalp points corresponding to the left and right somatosensory areas (LSA and RSA). For SEP measurements, the difference between responses at LSA and RSA was obtained in order to specify the optimum response at LSA. The patterns of SEPs elicited by mechanical or electrical stimulation to a pain spot were similar to those to a tactile one. The typical SEP to mechanical stimulation consisted of N23, P31, N40, P49, N64, P87, N114 and P147, while that to electrical stimulation did of N24, P33, N42, P52, N66, P95, N122 and P156. Consequently, mean peak latencies of the later components in SEPs elicited by mechanical stimulation were earlier than those to electrical one. The SEP amplitudes for mechanical stimulation were 1-3 microV and were larger than those to electrical one. By mechanical stimulation FFPs could not be obtained, while by electrical stimulation FFPs in peak latency of approximately 14 msec (P14) were seen. No specific components to sensory modality of pain or tactile sensation were observed either in SEPs or in FFPs.

Adult↗