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Biomedical subjects

N Wernert

Publications and source records attributed to N Wernert.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Investigations of the estrogen (ER-ICA-test) and the progesterone receptor in the prostate and prostatic carcinoma on immunohistochemical basis.

Estrogen (ER) and Progesterone receptors (PR) were demonstrated immunohistochemically on frozen sections from 11 prostatectomy and 7 cystoprostatectomy specimens in the nuclei of various cell types. The periglandular fibrocytes and smooth muscle cells were extensively positive, the interglandular stromal cells were only partly so. Normal basal cells stained focally positive, hyperplastic basal cells stained extensively. The glandular secretory epithelium and atrophic glands were negative. The same findings were obtained in hyperplastic nodules. Both ER and PR also occurred in the urothelium of central prostatic ducts and of the prostatic urethra. The fibrous stroma around the ejaculatory ducts and seminal vesicles was extensively positive while the epithelium was negative. The smooth musculature of the seminal vesicles was only partly positive. On large field sections, the ER as well as the PR were numerically equally distributed throughout the inner zone of the prostate and the prostate proper. 12 prostatic carcinomas (G I-G III) were ER- and PR-negative. Estrogens may contribute to nodular hyperplasia by triggering a stromal proliferation with a secondary inductive epithelial growth. Obviously they do not act directly on prostatic carcinoma but inhibit growth via the hypophyseal-testicular axis. The biological significance of the PR in the prostate is unknown.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Primary spinal medulloblastomas?

Two cases with spinal medulloblastoma are presented in which even modern neuroradiological methods (computed tomography - CT - and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging - NMR -) did not demonstrate intracranial lesions. These cases should be considered to be primary spinal medulloblastomas, even if until now the existence of real primary spinal medulloblastomas has been doubted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Histology and immunohistochemistry studies in prostate cancer.

Histopathologic diagnosis of prostate carcinoma is not yet free of problems. There are particular difficulties in demarcating atypical forms of hyperplasia from well-differentiated carcinomas and in diagnosing and classifying incidental carcinomas. With the aid of conventional histology, however, nearly all diagnostic problems relevant for the patient can be solved. In routine diagnostics, modern immunohistochemical techniques are particularly helpful in assessing metastases of an undetected primary tumor. New immunohistochemical techniques provide insight into the receptor content of the prostate and show the histogenesis of prostate carcinoma in a new light. The estrogen receptor (modified ER-ICA test) is present in the nuclei of stromal cells and of basal cells within the glands, but not in the secretory epithelium. The receptor-associated protein--ER-D5--is found in the cytoplasm of stromal and basal cells. In basal cells and secretory epithelium, keratins show a different pattern. Immunohistochemically common adenocarcinomas display the pattern of secretory epithelium; urothelial and squamous cell carcinomas, on the contrary, display the pattern of basal cells. This finding does not support the opinion that the basal cell is the stem cell of secretory epithelium and the precursor cell of prostate carcinoma.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Bronchocentric granulomatosis as a manifestation of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis without bronchial asthma].

A 17-year-old girl developed fever, cough and hemoptysis, as well as bouts of septic fever, dyspnea on exertion, cyanosis and weight loss. Opacification in the left lower lung was a persistent feature. Complement-fixation reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus was 1:80, and there were four precipitation lines against this fungus on immunoelectrophoresis. Aspergilli were also demonstrated in sputum and bronchial aspirate. Because the patient's condition deteriorated an atypical lingula resection was performed and cortisone treatment begun postoperatively. Subsequently all abnormal findings disappeared and the patient was cured. Two subsequent exposures to Aspergillum on the parental farm produced high fever, cough, dyspnea and thoracic pain. Histological examination of the lingular specimen revealed bronchocentric granulomatosis. In this case it was the rarely occurring morphological manifestation of an allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis without bronchial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Papillary carcinoma of the prostate, location, morphology, and immunohistochemistry: the histogenesis and entity of so-called endometrioid carcinoma.

Fifty carcinomas that were partially to completely papillary in nature were examined. According to urethroscopic and rectal palpation findings, six of the carcinomas were located centrally, 40 tumors were in the prostate proper, and four were clinical stage T0. The epithelium of the papillary portions of the tumors was dark in some instances, light in others. Immunohistochemistry revealed that 20 of 22 tumors were positive for prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). In no case was a topical relationship to the utriculus prostaticus demonstrable. The epithelium of the utriculus in seven additional patients who were not involved in this series also stained positively for PAP and PSA. Usual carcinomas of the prostate proper can develop endometrioid structures that do not differ immunohistochemically from ordinary portions of the carcinoma. Tumors located in central portions of the prostate are, in our opinion, morphologic variants of usual prostatic carcinomas, and apparently arise in prostatic ducts. We conclude that a distinction between endometrioid carcinomas and tumors of prostatic ducts does not seem justified and that papillary prostatic carcinomas should be treated like common prostatic cancer.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Lymphocytic plasmocytoid lymphoma with a three-banded gammopathy: reactivity of one of these paraproteins with cytomegalovirus.

We report the case of a 70-year-old woman suffering from small lymphocytic, plasmocytoid lymphoma with abdominal lymphomas and infiltration of the lung and the bone marrow. A three-banded, IgG lambda, IgM lambda and IgA lambda-paraproteinemia was determined using immunofixation. Because of the patient's high antibody titre against cytomegalovirus (CMV), the possible reactivity of these paraproteins with CMV was studied. The immunoglobulins were transferred to nitrocellulose sheets by a contact diffusion blotting system. CMV was applied to these sheets and the IgG lambda-paraprotein was shown to bind CMV. The reactivity of only one of the paraproteins with CMV suggests an oligoclonal origin of this gammopathy. In addition to the malignant disease an abnormal immune response to a CMV infection could be the cause of this three-banded gammopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical estrogen receptor demonstration in the prostate and prostate cancer.

Immunohistochemical investigations of human prostate and human prostate cancer were performed using two different monoclonal antibodies for the demonstration of estrogen receptors (ER). One marked the nuclear estrogen receptor protein (ERICAR, Abbott Laboratories), whereas the other one marked an estrogen receptor-associated cytoplasmic protein (ER-D5 kit, Amersham Buchler). 12 transurethral resection specimens with benign prostatic hyperplasia and 10 prostatic carcinomas were investigated by ERICA. Only in 1 specimen was a focally ERICA-positive basal cell hyperplasia found. The ER-D5 kit yielded a constantly positive reaction of stromal cells, especially smooth muscle cells. Basal cell hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia, alterations which can occur during estrogen application, were always strongly ER-D5-positive. Eleven (13.4%) out of 82 prostate carcinomas were focally positive. The staining results with ER-D5 are in good accordance with biochemical estrogen receptor investigations which demonstrated the estrogen receptors especially in the fibromuscular stroma. Furthermore, the results show that therapeutically applied estrogens do not directly inhibit the growth of prostatic carcinoma, however, the effect is an indirect one by suppressing androgen synthesis of the testis. The different staining results with ER-D5 and ERICA can be explained by the low ER concentration of prostate, the concentration is evidently below the limits of detectability with ERICA.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical investigation of different cytokeratins and vimentin in the prostate from the fetal period up to adulthood and in prostate carcinoma.

From the fetal period up to puberty the immature epithelium of the prostate glands, the prostatic ducts, the ejaculatory ducts and the seminal vesicles as well as the urothelium of the prostatic urethra are extensively positive for different keratin antibodies (antibody against keratins from human stratum corneum, broadly reacting antibody "AE1 and AE" and antibodies against the keratins 7, 8, 18 and 19) immunohistochemically. The epithelium of the ejaculatory ducts and seminal vesicles in addition regularly exprimates vimentin which is found in the epithelium of the prostate glands focally. During puberty, the immature epithelium of the prostate glands differentiates into the two cell types basal cell and secretory epithelium which differ immunohistochemically: Keratins from human stratum corneum are exclusively demonstrable in the basal cells, the keratins 8 and 18 only in the secretory epithelium. For keratin 7, 19 and the antibody "AE1 and AE3" both cell types are positive. Keratin 7 is demonstrable only focally. The secretory epithelium partly co-exprimates keratins and vimentin. Prostatic carcinomas of different grades virtually contain no keratins from stratum corneum. All other keratins are found in variable extension in the vast majority of the tumors independent of the differentiation. Vimentin is positive mostly focally in about 50% of the tumors. Prostatic carcinoma and the secretory epithelium of the prostate glands share identical immunohistochemical features and differ from the basal cell by several markers. This indicates that prostatic carcinoma rather derives directly from the secretory epithelium than from the basal cell.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis. Case report and review of the literature.

The only known benign epithelial tumor of the epididymis is papillary cystadenoma. Since 1921, only 39 such tumors have been published. We report on a papillary cystadenoma in a 30-year-old patient. The tumor measures 1.5 cm and is located in the head of the left epididymis. Histomorphologically, these tumors are characterized by cysts with colloid-like contents and papillary formations of light epithelium. Papillary cystadenoma can occur uni- or bilaterally, most frequently in the head of the epididymis. Age of patients ranges between 16 and 81 years with 36.6 years on average. Bilateral papillary cystadenomas are combined in 65, unilateral in 18% with Hippel-Lindau' disease. Most authors regard ductuli efferents as point of origin of these rare benign tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical demonstration of cytokeratins in the human prostate.

The behaviour of keratins in the human prostate is investigated immunohistochemically by polyclonal rabbit antibodies against keratins from human stratum corneum (kit from ORTHO/Heidelberg) and compared to the behaviour of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). In normal glands and cribriform as well as adenomatous hyperplasia only basal cells contain keratin. The secretory epithelium is keratin-negative and in contrast to the basal cells PAP- as well as PSA-positive. In prostatic ducts and utriculus prostaticus keratin is demonstrable in basal cells and urothelium. As in normal glands, the light cylindric epithelium is keratin-negative and PAP- as well as PSA-positive. The cells in atrophic glands and postatrophic hyperplasia may contain keratin as well as PAP and PSA. Urothelial and squamous metaplasia are strongly keratin-positive. PAP and PSA are not found. The cylindric epithelium of the ejaculatory ducts contains keratin at many places. PAP and PSA are not demonstrable. The utriculus does not differ from normal prostatic glands immunohistochemically. This supports the view that the epithelium of the sinus urogenitalis is involved in the embryogenesis of normal prostatic glands and the utriculus as well. Urothelial and squamous metaplasia obviously arise from basal cells which share the same immunohistochemical features. Whether the cells in atrophic glands and postatrophic hyperplasia derive from basal cells or secretory epithelium cannot be decided. The keratin composition of the prostate should be further analyzed by keratin-specific monoclonal antibodies.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Excessive epithelioid cell granulomatous reaction associated with a lymphoepithelial carcinoma (Schmincke-Regaud).

We report on a 56-year-old man in whom histologic examination of "granulation tissue" from the right lower meatus of the nose revealed the presence of an undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma of the lymphoepithelial type (Schmincke-Regaud). The diagnosis was supported by serologic detection of antibodies against the Epstein-Barr virus. Approximately 3 weeks after the first excision, biopsy material was taken from the epipharynx. Histologically a marked epithelioid cell granulomatous reaction was found. As an unusual feature, granulomas were not located between tumor cell complexes, but rather contained tumor remnants in their center. At tissue site all transitions from well preserved to completely necrotic tumor cells were discernible. This unusual reaction probably represents a strong, favorable immunologic response against the neoplasm.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1986

Effects of estradiol on adrenal cortex and medulla of the rat. Morphometric studies.

Eight-week-old male and female Sprague Dawley rats are treated with 10 micrograms estradiol daily i.p. for 2 and 4 weeks respectively. Under treatment pituitary and adrenal weight increases in males and similates to those of females. As a relative measure for the cell sizes in the different zones of the adrenal cortex the number of nuclei/constant area is determined. In the outer zona fasciculata estradiol leads to a feminization of cell pattern in males with increase of cell sizes and partly also development of a female liposome pattern. An increase of cell sizes in the zona reticularis between the second and fourth week of treatment is restricted to male animals. In the zona glomerulosa cell sizes increase in males between the 10th and 12th week of life, independent of estradiol. In both sexes estradiol causes a significant dilatation of sinusoids of adrenal medulla. Most of the findings can be explained by known biochemical aspects of corticosterone metabolism of the rat.

Adrenal Cortex↗