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Biomedical subjects

N Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to N Watanabe.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Glucagonostatic and insulinotropic action of glucagonlike peptide I-(7-36)-amide.

We examined the effect of glucagonlike peptides (GLPs), which are cleaved from preproglucagon in the enteroglucagon cells, on rat endocrine pancreas with the isolated perfused system. GLP-I-(7-36)-amide, a truncated form of full-sequence GLP-I-(1-37), showed a potent inhibitory effect on glucagon secretion. This inhibitory effect of GLP-I-(7-36)-amide was demonstrated at concentrations of 0.25, 2.5, and 25 nM in 11.2 and 2.8 mM glucose. In contrast, insulin release was significantly stimulated by GLP-I-(7-36)-amide at its concentration from 0.025 to 25 nM in a high glucose concentration, whereas in a low glucose concentration, the stimulation was seen only at the highest concentration (25 nM). Neither GLP-I-(1-37) nor GLP-II showed any effect on glucagon and insulin release. Although several gastrointestinal hormones have been nominated as incretins, none of them may suppress the glucagon secretion. A truncated form of GLP-I, GLP-I-(7-36)-amide thus seems to be a unique incretin that exerts glucagonostatic action.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Regression and recovery of well-developed coronary collateral function in canine hearts after aorta-coronary bypass.

After restoration of antegrade blood flow by coronary artery bypass grafting to a region of myocardium supplied by well-developed collateral vessels, there is regression of collateral supply to that region. There is controversy as to how rapidly this regression occurs, how soon collateral flow might return after an acute occlusion of the bypass graft, and how effective pharmacologic agents such as nitroglycerin might be in accelerating this return. To investigate this problem, 14 canine hearts were collateralized by Ameroid occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Regression and recovery of well-developed collateral function were studied after opening and closing an aorta-coronary bypass. Before bypass, peripheral coronary pressure was 82 +/- 2 mm Hg, retrograde flow 63 +/- 7 ml/min, collateral flow 21 +/- 2 ml/min, and collateral resistance 0.96 +/- 0.13 mm Hg/ml/min. One hundred minutes of bypass perfusion significantly decreased peripheral coronary pressure by 27%, retrograde flow by 52%, and collateral flow by 42%, and significantly increased collateral resistance by 319%. When the bypass was acutely occluded for 30 minutes, collateral resistance decreased spontaneously by 37%. When intracoronary nitroglycerin was administered for 5 minutes immediately after bypass occlusion, collateral resistance rapidly decreased by 72%, but subsequent collateral regression was not alleviated. Increased flow through regressed collateral vessels during retrograde flow diversion was associated with a decrease in collateral resistance. Results demonstrate rapid but not instantaneous regression and recovery of mature collateral function in response to requirements of collateral-dependent myocardium. Regressed collateral vessels can be dilated by nitroglycerin. Flow-dependent changes in collateral vascular tone appear to be responsible for early regression and recovery of collateral function.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Spontaneous differentiation from myeloperoxidase-negative acute nonlymphocytic leukemia to acute myelomonocytic leukemia].

We reported a 68-year-old woman with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, in whom the leukemia transformed from poorly differentiated myeloperoxidase (MPO)-negative type into myelomonocytic type during the observation without chemotherapy. Hematological findings on admission revealed a leukocyte count of 3,500/microliters with 48% blasts and a platelet count of 9.2 x 10(4)/microliters. Bone marrow aspiration showed 68.2% infiltration of blasts negative for MPO. Sudan black B and esterase stains. By electron microscopy MPO was detected in the endoplasmic reticulum and nucleoenvelope of the blasts. Large vacuole-like granules were MPO-negative. She was observed without administration of any antileukemic agent or an immunopotentiator. The leukocyte count rose gradually, in association with increases in the relative and absolute counts of mature neutrophils and monocytic cells, and the platelet count. Twenty-six months after the initial diagnosis, a blood examination showed a leukocyte count of 74,300/microliters with 20.5% mature neutrophils and 15.5% monocytic and a platelet count of 31.4 x 10(4)/microliters. Cytological, cytochemical, ultrastructural and immunological studies of the bone marrow cells showed features compatible with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (FAB M4). This case is unusual in respect that poorly differentiated ANLL transformed spontaneously into moderately differentiated ANLL.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Neutrophil-associated IgG and neutrophil-binding IgG in autoimmune neutropenia].

Neutrophil-associated IgG (NAIgG) and neutrophil-binding IgG in sara (NBIgG) of 77 patients with neutropenia suspected to be caused by autoimmune mechanisms (group A) and 31 patients with aplastic anemia or myelodysplastic syndrome (group B) were assayed by flow cytometry. Auto-NBIgG was elevated in 32% of the patients in group A, particularly in about 70% of those with collagen diseases or ITP, but the level was normal in group B. Elevated NAIgG with normal auto-NBIgG levels was found in 27% of the patients in group A and in 64% of the patients in group B. The assay of auto-NBIgG was useful for detection of anti-neutrophil autoantibodies and for the diagnosis of autoimmune neutropenia. In addition, the level of NAIgG may be non-specifically elevated in non-immune neutropenia.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1989

[The structures of yemuoside YM10 and YM12 from Stauntonia chinensis].

Two new nortriterpenoid saponins, named yemuoside YM10 (I) and YM12 (II), were isolated from Stauntonia chinensis Decne. A new prosaponin (VI) was isolated from the cleavage of ester-glycoside linkage. Their chemical structures were elucidated by means of chemical and spectrometric analysis. Yemuoside YM10 (I): C58H92O25, a white powder, mp 215-219 degrees C (dec), [alpha]D20-4.41 degrees (c 0.272, CH3OH). Its structure was found to be 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1----4) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl- (1----6) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester of 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1----2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-30-+ ++norolean-12, 20 (29) -dien-28-oic acid. Yemuoside YM12 (II): C52H82O21, a white powder, mp 200-204 degrees C (dec.), [alpha]D20 + 10.12 degrees (c 0.346, CH3OH). Its structure was found to be 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl- (1----6) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester of 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1----2) -alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-30-norolean-12, 20 (29)-dien-28-oic acid. Prosaponin (VI): C40H62O11, a white powder, mp 243-246 degrees C (dec.), [alpha]D22 + 12.13 degrees (c 0.128, CH3OH). Its structure was found to be 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1----2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-30-norolean-12, 20 (29)-dien-28-oic acid.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[A case of cutaneous T cell lymphoma improved with local administration of tumor necrosis factor].

A 63-aged woman with cutaneous T cell lymphoma successfully treated with local administration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was reported. She was admitted to our hospital because of tumors and subcutaneous nodules on her bilateral inner thigh. A pathological study of her skin of right inner thigh showed mononuclear atypical cells with hyperlobulated nuclei. In peripheral blood the same lymphoid cells were found. Immunohistochemical staining of these cells was positive for OKT-3 and OKT-4, but negative for OKT-8. No lymph node swelling and no visceral involvement were detected by a CT scan and a Echography of the chest and the abdomen. A diagnosis of cutaneous T cell lymphoma was made (stage IIb TNM classification). Although the chemotherapy of VEPA and CHOP was done, about 70% (PR) of the bilateral inner thigh tumors were retracted. Owing to the interstitial pneumonia aroused in the period of bone marrow suppression and cardiomyopathy after chemotherapy, we gave up further systemic chemotherapy. And then the local administration of TNF was done and the disappearance of the bilateral inner thigh tumors was obtained. Our therapy with local administration of TNF for CTCL in the first report.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Release of the serum immunosuppressive factor by monocytes in patients with Crohn's disease.

We investigated the in vitro immunosuppressive effect of the sera and the culture supernatants of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from patients with Crohn's disease. Sera from Crohn's disease markedly suppressed the proliferative response of mouse spleen cells, compared with sera from ulcerative colitis, intestinal tuberculosis and normal controls. The culture supernatants of the adherent mononuclear cells from Crohn's disease showed a remarkable suppressive effect (96 +/- 1%), while the culture supernatants of the non-adherent mononuclear cells had no suppressive activity (-10 +/- 16%). The culture supernatants of the adherent and non-adherent mononuclear cells from normal controls had no suppressive activity. The fractionization of the culture supernatants of the adherent cells from the Crohn's disease patients demonstrated that the fractions with high suppressive activity had similar or identical biochemical properties to the serum immunosuppressive fractions which has been reported previously. These results indicate that monocytes may release the serum immunosuppressive factor in Crohn's disease. This factor may contribute to the depression of the immune reactivity in the mucosal lesion and to the persistence of the stimulation of abnormal immune response in the intestinal wall.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Subcellular kinetics of In-111 monoclonal antibody in the liver].

To evaluate the mechanism for prolonged retention of In-111 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) by the liver, we investigated the subcellular kinetics of the In-111 225.28S, an antimelanoma IgG2a. Forty microCi/10 micrograms of the In-111 MoAb was injected IV into groups of SD rats. The liver was excised at 3, 8, 17, 24, 48 and 72 hr and homogenized with 0.25 M sucrose containing 0.01 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.6). Subcellular fractionation was carried out by 3-step (ultra-)centrifugation. The radioactivity of each fraction including nuclear, mitochondrial (lysosomal), microsomal and supernatant fraction was measured and expressed as a percentage of the total radioactivity of all the fractions. Moreover, the supernatant fraction was assessed by size exclusion HPLC. The supernatant was a predominant fraction of the In-111 radioactivity, 61% at 3 hr, and was decreased with time, 21% at 72 hr (p less than 0.01), while the activity in the mitochondrial fraction continued to increase from 11% to 44%. As compared to these two fractions, the nuclear and microsomal radioactivities were relatively constant, 10-25%, throughout the study. The HPLC analysis revealed that the supernatant In-111 activity at early time points was mainly eluted with an intact IgG and thereafter this major peak activity was reduced with associated activity peaks found in smaller moiety fractions. To compare the In-111 MoAb with the iodine labeled MoAb, we also investigated the subcellular kinetics of the I-125 MoAb in the same manner.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Simple, sensitive assay of polyamines by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection after post-column reaction with immobilized polyamine oxidase.

This simple, rapid liquid-chromatographic assay of urinary polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and cadaverine) involves electrochemical detection with a post-column immobilized enzyme, polyamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.6) from soybean seedlings. Polyamines are separated by isocratic ion-pairing reversed-phase chromatography, then enzymatically converted, with release of hydrogen peroxide, via the post-column reactor with immobilized polyamine oxidase; the hydrogen peroxide is detected by electrochemical oxidation on a platinum electrode. The detection limits for injected putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, and 4 pmol, respectively, with linear ranges of two to three orders of magnitude. Reproducibility was also good, with CV values less than 7%. The efficiency of the immobilized enzyme column was not decreased after analysis of 300 urine samples. Putrescine and spermidine excretion in urine from patients with blood cancers and solid cancers was significantly increased.

Biogenic Polyamines↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical management of acquired tricuspid valve disease--the effects and comparison of tricuspid annuloplasty (De Vega) and tricuspid valve replacement].

A total of 92 patients with tricuspid valvular disease (TR) had surgical repair of DeVega's annuloplasty in 80 patients (87%) and of valve replacement in 12 patients (13%) from January, 1978, to March, 1988. All of those patients were diagnosed by cardiac catheterization and angiogram, clinical findings and in recent cases, pulsed and color Doppler echocardiography were applied. Eighty-nine of 92 patients (97%) were in NYHA class III or IV before operation. There were 7 early death (8.5%) with DeVega procedure and one death (8.3%) in TVR and late deaths were noted in 3 patients (3.6%) (DeVega's procedure) and one (8.3%) in TVR. Two patients after DeVega procedure at 5 and 6 years were required re-operation of TVR because of recurrent mitral valvular disease. Seventy-seven of 80 survivors were in NYHA class I or II postoperatively. Twenty-seven randomized selected patients after DeVega's annuloplasty were investigated by pulsed and color Doppler echocardiography, 17 of them (63%) had no regurgitation and the remaining 10 patient had mild to moderate regurgitation. This study suggests that DeVega's annuloplasty has a simple and reliable procedure in patients with functional TR and results in excellent hemodynamic and functional effects postoperatively.

Adolescent↗