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Biomedical subjects

N Wagner

Publications and source records attributed to N Wagner.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

Hyperaggregation effect in idiopathic thrombocytopenia and multiple transfused patients.

A new technique for detecting platelet antibodies was investigated. The serum from patients having platelet antibodies was added to normal group O compatible pooled platelet-rich plasma. Platelet aggregation induced by adrenaline and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was significantly increased as compared to the identical platelet-rich plasma without serum. The platelet-rich plasma with serum added did not aggregate spontaneously. When an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent (tolazoline) was added, the primary wave of aggregation induced by adrenaline was equally reversed with platelet-rich plasma, with or without serum. Although platelet antibodies by themselves did not agglutinate platelets in our test system, it is probable that platelet antibodies interact with platelets and potentiate their ability to aggregate. It is suggested that the platelet aggregometer is a useful tool for the detection of platelet antibodies in vitro.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1967

Uneven distribution of maternal and fetal placental blood flow, as demonstrated using macroaggregates, and its response to hypoxia.

A technique is described for studying the distribution of blood flow to the maternal and fetal placental vessels in sheep and dogs with radioactive labeled macroaggregates of albumin. When the maternal animal breathed room air the distribution of maternal placental blood flow was uneven among the cotyledons as well as within a given cotyledon. Fetal blood flow was also distributed nonuniformly among and within the cotyledons. The relation of maternal to fetal placental blood flow was also markedly uneven (coefficient of correlation, tau = 0.066). After the animal was made hypoxic by breathing 10-12% O(2) the distribution of maternal, fetal, and maternal/fetal placental flows became more uniform. The coefficient of correlation of maternal to fetal flow was high (tau = 0.53, P < 0.01). While the maternal animal breathed room air, after ligation of a major branch of the umbilical artery the distribution of maternal, fetal, and maternal/fetal flows in the remaining two-thirds to three-fourths of the placenta became more uniform. The correlation coefficient for maternal to fetal flow was high (tau = 0.35, P < 0.01).It appears that under normal circumstances with uneven distribution of blood flows there is a considerable portion of the placenta that does not receive blood flow in optimum quantities to promote efficient O(2) exchange. Failure to consider the influence of nonuniform maternal flow/fetal flow will result in overestimation of mean maternal-fetal oxygen tension gradients, and thus underestimation of the placental diffusing capacity for oxygen. In response to maternal hypoxia or compromise of the fetal placental circulation the distribution of maternal, fetal, and maternal/fetal flows becomes more uniform, thereby increasing the efficiency of placental O(2) exchange.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peliosis hepatis with hepato-pulmonary syndrome].

Sinusoidal dilatation is a hallmark of peliosis hepatis, a rare vascular disorder that can be either drug induced or of infectious origin. Here we report a patient with peliosis hepatis of unknown etiology. An hepato-pulmonary syndrome developed which was reversible following liver transplantation.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis C contributes to liver disease in children and adolescents with hemophilia.

Non-A non-B (NANB) hepatitis plays a major role in liver disease in hemophiliacs. HCV is known to be the predominant cause for blood-borne NANB hepatitis. A cross-sectional study for anti-HCV and anti-HIV-1 antibodies in sera, presence of HBsAg in sera and liver function tests was conducted in 116 male patients with hemophilia (mean age: 14.6 years) in order to study the impact of hepatitis C as well as the significance of concurrent hepatitis B and HIV infection on the liver disease in hemophilic children and adolescents. 56.9% of the patients tested seropositive for anti-HCV; the mean age of the anti-HCV positive group was higher than that of the anti-HCV seronegative group (15.9 versus 11.9 years). Seropositivity to anti-HCV was more often associated with abnormal liver function than it was found in the seronegative group (37.9% versus 17%). Eight of nine patients positive for anti-HCV and HBsAg showed abnormal liver function tests. 68.9% of the anti-HIV-1 positive patients were also anti-HCV positive compared to 44.8% of the anti-HIV-1 negative patients. The liver function tests revealed an abnormal result in 47% of the anti-HIV-1 positive patients compared to 20.7% in the anti-HIV-1 negative group. In conclusion, a high seroprevalence for anti-HCV is detected in young patients with hemophilia which is associated with liver disease in a considerable number of patients when assessed by liver function tests. The coinfection of HCV and HBV seems to increase the risk of liver as also does concurrent HIV-1 infection, which is assumed to contribute to liver disease in a yet unexplained way.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential penetration of skin by topical metronidazole formulations.

This in vitro study compared the release and penetration of various metronidazole formulations: 0.75% gel, 0.75% cream, and a new 1% cream. Six skin samples from each of six women (28 to 58 years of age) were used to test the three formulations, for a total of 12 samples per formulation. A 10-mg target dose of each metronidazole formulation (75 micrograms of 0.75% gel and 0.75% cream, 100 micrograms of 1% cream) was applied to a skin surface of 1 cm2 per cell. The randomized application schedule controlled for variability in skin origin, individual cell thickness, and formulations. Seven fluid samples were collected over a 15-hour period. Metronidazole concentrations were measured in both the skin samples and through the fluid from a dynamic diffusion system with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection. Cutaneous penetration of metronidazole was significantly greater with the 0.75% gel and cream formulations than with the 1% cream. These results suggest that the delivery vehicle may be more important than the active drug concentration in cutaneous delivery of metronidazole.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Staff development through international cooperation. The Kenya experience.

International cooperation in nursing enables nurses to share, exchange, and develop knowledge and experience, increase tolerance and sensitivity, expand horizons, make new friends, and contribute to the advancement of professionalism. International cooperation exists in many fields and is carried out through governments, international organizations, public and academic institutions, and professional associations. The authors were sent by the Center for International Cooperation of Israel's Ministry of Foreign Affairs to teach a course entitled "The Nurse Educator Role: Aspects in Nursing Education and Management." The learners were senior nurses in Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. The course was designed to meet two main objectives: (1) to emphasize the educational role as an essential dimension of the professional nursing practice, and (2) to expand the knowledge base and skills to enable participants to improve their function as educators.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗