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Biomedical subjects

N V Demin

Publications and source records attributed to N V Demin.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Bone mineral density in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies].

The study was undertaken to examine the impact of glucocorticoid therapy (GCT) on mineral bone density (MBD) in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Double-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine MBD of the vertebral column and proximal femur in 42 females (30 with the preserved menstrual cycle (PMC), 12 in postmenopause (PMP) with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM). All the patients received GCT. A random population sample including 106 females aged 20 to 69 years formed a control group. MBD of the neck of the femur was significantly lower in patients from all age groups, in the lumbar vertebral column in young (20-29 years) and old (over 50 years) females than in the controls. The development of osteoporosis (OP) was more frequently observed in PMP females: OP in the lumbar spine was in 16.7 and 66.7% of the PMC and PMP females, respectively; that in the neck of the femur was in 11 and 33%. There was no relationship between MBD and the specific features of GCT, namely the duration, cumulative dose, and the maximum dose. There was a reduction in MBD in patients with PM/DM on GCT in all age groups, more frequently in PMP patients.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2003

[Bone mineral density and risk factors for developing osteoporosis in bronchial asthma patients].

AIM: To estimate mineral bone tissue density (MBTD) and risk factors for osteoporosis in patients with bronchial asthma (BA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study included 119 patients (48 males and 71 females) aged 18 to 49 years who had no diseases or states that can induce MBTD, except BA. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) those untreated with glucocorticoids (GC); 2) those who received inhaled GC; and 3) those who permanently took oral and inhaled GC. The patients underwent questionnaire survey, double-power X-ray absorption of the lumbar vertebral column and proximal femur, and X-ray study; forced expiratory volume per sec and peak expiratory function were measured. RESULTS: In Group 1 patients, there was a high incidence of osteopenia that increased with the severity of BA. About 2.5-year therapy with inhaled GC in large and small doses had no impact on MBTD. The prolonged use of systemic GC caused a marked reduction in MBTD and led to the development of osteoporetic fractures. Changes were detected in both the lumbar spine and proximal femur. In males and females, MBTD decreases were equal. MBTD correlated with the duration of GC therapy and with age at its initiation, but not with the daily dose of GC. In 15.4% of the patients, MBTD remained in the normal range despite the prolonged use of GC in large doses. Osteoporetic fractures were observed at the values of MBTD, which had not reached the stage of osteoporosis according to the WHO criteria, which was indicative of qualitative GC-induced bone tissue changes. CONCLUSION: GC is an important, but not alone, risk factor for osteoporosis in asthmatic patients. The high rate of low MBTD among the patients receiving no GC suggests that it is necessary to make an early diagnosis and to perform rational treatments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Determination of the dimensions of the heart in experimental animals using tomography based on the principle of nuclear magnetic resonance].

A new method of tomography based on the principle of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR-tomography) was used to determine the heart size in experimental animals. The study involved 25 rabbits and NMR-tomograms of their hearts were obtained both in situ and on the isolated heart. The results obtained were compared with the morphometric findings. It was found that the values of the heart size determined by NMR-tomograms as compared with the morphometric values both in situ and on the isolated heart were very similar, showing no statistical difference. When the tomographic findings were compared with the morphometric data, the correlation coefficient for the thickness of the left ventricle wall was 0.64; for the short axis of the left ventricle 0.55; for the perimeter of the left ventricle 0.70, and for the total size of the heart it equalled 0.98. It is inferred that NMR-tomography is quite adequate for taking the necessary measurements of the heart with sufficient precision.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Impact of volumetric activity of radon on the concentration of air ions and on the power of electric field].

This paper considers the impact of the volumetric activity of radon and its degradation products on the concentration of aeroions and on the strength of an electric field. The optimum range of the volumetric activity of this substance and its daughter degradation products, and their generated aeroions is substantiated. Technology has been developed for space- and time-combined measurements of the volumetric activity of radon, the density of radon flow from the ground surface, the concentration and mobility of negative and positive aeroions, and a difference in potentials of the electric component of atmospherics.

Air Ionization↗