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Biomedical subjects

N Usui

Publications and source records attributed to N Usui.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Phase I clinical trial of a new anthracycline: 4'-o-tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin.

The phase I study of a new anthracycline, 4'-o-tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin, was performed. A dose-limiting factor was leukopenia while thrombocytopenia was less frequent and a maximum tolerated dose was determined as 54 mg/m2. Mild gastrointestinal toxicities including anorexia, nausea and vomiting occurred in about half of the patients, while very minimal alopecia was seen in only one patient. A recommended dose for phase II study was established: 40 mg/m2 at 3-week intervals.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Antibiotic therapy of infections in cancer patients with leukopenia].

Cancer patients with leukopenia developing infections were treated with a combination antibiotic therapy consisting of sulbenicillin and amikacin with (B) or without (A) S-sulfonated gamma-globulin. Fifty patients were randomized to either A or B, respectively. Fourty-two patients in group A and 43 in group B were evaluable for responses. Twenty-eight of 42 patients (67%) in group A and 30 of 43 (70%) in group B showed a response. These results did not demonstrate that S-sulfonated gamma-globulin enhanced the effects of the combination with sulbenicillin and amikacin, although the background factors in both groups were not completely identical. Further efforts for detecting infection were required because causes of fever were thought to be fevers of unknown origin in more than three-fourths of the patients. Few patients died of infection within 2 weeks after initiation of these therapies in both groups, indicating that these therapies presumably contributed to prolongation of life span even in patients with no response.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical trial of human lymphoblastoid interferon on advanced malignancy].

A clinical study on human lymphoblastoid interferon (HLBI) in various advanced malignant diseases was performed. HLBI was administered to a total of 25 patients with various advanced malignant diseases in order ot investigate antitumor effect and toxicity. The diseases evaluated were as follows: 8 multiple myeloma (MM), 2 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 2 adult T cell leukemia (ATL), 1 acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 8 breast cancer, 3 gastric cancer and 1 ovarian cancer. Twenty-three patients received either 3 million or 6 million units of HLBI by daily intramuscular injection or every other day. One patient with ATL received 18 million units of HLBI by i. v. daily and 1 patient with ALL received 30.32 million units of HLBI i. v. daily. Tumor regression (PR) was observed in 2 patients with MM, each one patient with ATL and ALL, respectively. Major toxicities were pyrexia, myelosuppression, general malaise and G.I. toxicity. Several patients showed abnormality of hepatic or renal function. Two patients who received HLBI for more than a year developed cardiac toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Combination chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer with adriamycin, mitomycin C, and ftorafur].

Thirty patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of adriamycin 20-30 mg/m2 iv day 1 q3wks, mitomycin C 2.7-4 mg/m2 iv day 1 weekly, and ftorafur 267 mg/m2 po b.i.d. daily. Five (28%) of 18 patients with measurable lesions achieved partial responses with a median duration of 2 months ranging 1.5 to 8 months. The median survival time from initiation of the chemotherapy was 4 months in responders, and 5 months in non-responders, respectively. The response rate did not correlate with the various baseline parameters including initial performance status, resectability of the primary tumor, histologic differentiation of the tumor, and prior chemotherapy. Gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicities were mild and well manageable. Cumulative thrombocytopenia and renal damage probably due to mitomycin C, were seen in 5(17%) and 2(7%) patients, respectively. Clinical cardiotoxicity induced by adriamycin was observed in one patient. The result indicated that the enhancement of antitumor effect with a combination of adriamycin, mitomycin C, and ftorafur for advanced gastric cancer was not significantly remarkable as expected. Thus, further study will be required for obtaining more favorable result.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Adjuvant chemotherapy for extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

From 1976 to 1982, twenty-four cases with early stages (stage IE: 18, Stage IIE: 6) of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were treated with combined modality of local treatment (radiation or operation) and an adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone. Eighty-three percent of patients were diffuse histiocytic type. The most common sites of primary origin were in stomach; 13 patients and 7 patients in nasal or paranasal cavity. The disease-free survival rates at 5 years were 74% for stage IE and 80% for stage IIE, respectively. The result has suggested that adjuvant chemotherapy is a useful modality for extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Co-administration of adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil for the treatment of advanced stomach cancer].

Twenty-one patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy of adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil (AF). The AF regimen consisting of adriamycin 35-50 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1, 5-fluorouracil 350-500 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1-3 was repeated in every three weeks intervals. Partial response was obtained in four patients (25%) in 16 evaluable patients and responded lesions were abdominal mass and skin metastasis. Two patients had minor responses, seven had stable diseases, and three had progressive diseases. The median duration of response for responders was three months ranging one to five months and the median survival time of responders was twelve months ranging two to fourteen months, whereas that of non-responders was eight months. Moderate bone marrow suppression was seen; that is, seven (33%) out of twenty-one patients had leukopenia less than 2,000/mm3 and two (10%) out of twenty-one patients had thrombocytopenia less than 10 X 10(4)/mm3. Moderate nausea occurred in thirteen patients (62%), whereas vomiting did in nine patients (43%). Nearly total alopecia was observed in sixteen patients (76%). Based on these results, we conclude that AF regimen can be administered without severe toxicities and it is one of the useful regimens for advanced gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[The combination chemotherapy of vincristine, methotrexate, ACNU, and adriamycin for anaplastic carcinoma of the lung].

Recent advances in the chemotherapy of malignant diseases, particularly, in hematopoietic malignancies, has opened oncologists' eyes in wonder, whereas the chemotherapy of solid malignant diseases including the carcinoma of the lung is not satisfactory compared with the results of other modalities such as radiotherapy and surgery. The chemotherapy, however, gradually becomes a great importance because the majority of the cases of lung cancer is that of advanced one. Between June, 1974 and December 1980 we experienced 54 inoperable cases of lung cancers among which there were 11 cases diagnosed as an anaplastic carcinoma. The combination chemotherapy of vincristine (1 mg/body, iv, day 1), methotrexate (30 mg/body, iv, day 1 and 5), ACNU (100mg/body, iv, day 2) and adriamycin (40mg/m2, iv, day 2) was employed. Vincristine and methotrexate were given every 3 weeks and ACNU and adriamycin were repeated every 9 weeks. If the moderate degree of neuropathy due to vincristine occurred it was suspended and methotrexate was stopped if WBC was less than 2000/mm or if patients were suffered from stomatitis which disturbed their swallowing. According to the response criteria of Koyama-Saito 4, cases were responded and one of them survived 17 months after the initiation of above 4-drug combination chemotherapy, although she received another combination chemotherapy because of the relapse of disease. The combination chemotherapy of ACNU and adriamycin was tried to utilize the advantage of their time different effects on the bone marrow suppression and to cover heterogenous histopathological diagnosis of anaplastic carcinoma. The heterogeneity of anaplastic carcinoma included undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma and even small cell carcinoma. In taking consideration of these points, the drug-combination was designed. Clinically, however, the long resting period made the tumor regrow in some cases due to severe delayed myelosuppression by the combination of ACNU and adriamycin. Thus, more cautiously-designed combination should be considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Relationship between the relative nasal diameter and pulmonary function.

The present study was made to investigate the effect of the mechanical change in the nasal cavity on the pulmonary function. Compliance and resistance in the respiratory system including the nose and lung during different phases of respiration were obtained and the relative nasal diameter was calculated to represent a mechanical property of the nasal airway. It was found that nasal compliance remained approximately the same as mouth compliance except for those cases with severe nasal obstruction. Inspiratory resistance was greater than expiratory resistance. Measurements of the pressure-flow relationship in the lower airway indicated that the nose accounted for 40% of the total pulmonary resistance during normal nasal breathing. Changes in pulmonary resistance were not linear by related to the degree of nasal obstruction. The non-linearity was considered to be due to reflex control of the respiratory system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Temporal change in the airway resistance following stimulation of the nasal mucosa.

In the present study, the effect of stimulation of the nasal mucosa produced by gauze packing on the lower airway was evaluated in normal subjects by measuring the airway resistance with a body plethysmograph at scheduled intervals for 60 min after packing and 60 min after its removal. In subjects exhibiting rising of the airway resistance after stimulation, the value rose immediately or in 5 min after stimulation, then reverted to the pre-packing level and remained constant thereafter. In those exhibiting lowering of the airway resistance, the value fell immediately or in approximately 20 min after stimulation, rose thereafter but remained constant at a lower level than the pre-packing. The response of the lower airway due to the stimulation of the nasal mucosa has individual differences and shows a variety of patterns.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Dissecting aneurysm during pregnancy and the puerperium.

According to Schnitker, Mandel, Hirst and their associates, approximately half of the dissecting aneurysms in women under 40 years of age are associated with pregnancy. This significant relationship between dissecting aneurysm and pregnancy has been discussed by considering hemodynamic stress and also the hormonal changes of pregnancy. In this report, we describe five patients with dissecting aneurysm during pregnancy or the puerperium, review the literature and discuss the influence of pregnancy on the pathogenesis of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Ventilatory function in laryngectomized patients.

It is established that maximum expiratory flow-volume curve coupled with closing volume curve may give important information on obstructive impairment in the laryngectomized patients. In the patients after laryngectomy, the pattern of the flow-volume curve was similar to that found in patients with chronic bronchitis. These abnormalities of the flow-volume curve which became convexity to the volume axis can be reversed at least partially by bronchodilator drug inhalation. It is concluded that the patients after laryngectomy have abnormalities of ventilation distribution despite relatively normal results of routine pulmonary function tests and respiratory resistance.

Adult↗