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Biomedical subjects

N Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to N Ueda.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Eight and 12 week courses of cyclophosphamide in nephrotic syndrome.

Seventy-three children with steroid dependent minimal change nephrotic syndrome were randomly allocated to receive treatment with cyclophosphamide (2 mg/kg/day) for either eight or 12 weeks, in combination with prednisolone. All patients had previously relapsed while the dosage was being reduced or within 14 days of discontinuing prednisolone in the six months before receiving cyclophosphamide treatment (steroid dependent), and had severe steroid toxicity. Thirty two patients were treated with cyclophosphamide for eight weeks, and 41 for 12 weeks. There were no differences between the two groups in age at onset of nephrosis or entry into the study, sex ratio, duration of nephrosis, number of relapses before entry, and follow up period after entry. The relapse free rate of patients treated for eight weeks (25%) was similar to that of those treated for 12 weeks (24%) five years after stopping the treatment, and the mean relapse free interval and the sparing effect of cyclophosphamide (if any) on subsequent treatment with steroids did not differ between the groups. We conclude that cyclophosphamide should be used for no longer than eight weeks at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day in children with steroid dependent minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Effect of corticosteroids on some hemostatic parameters in children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

Effect of corticosteroids (steroids) on some hemostatic parameters was serially studied in 23 children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Increased platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), cholesterol, fibrinogen, fibrin(ogen) degradation products (FDP), alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M), alpha 2-antiplasmin (alpha 2AP) and protein C, and reduced antithrombin III (ATIII) and plasminogen (Plg) were noted in relapse before steroid therapy began. With institution of oral prednisolone, FDP started to fall, and platelet count, cholesterol, alpha 2M, ATIII, Plg, alpha 2AP and protein C started to increase despite unchanged nephrotic state from that before the therapy. In remission induced by prednisolone, platelet count, cholesterol, alpha 2M, ATIII, Plg, alpha 2AP and protein C were still increased, but normalized off therapy. ESR, fibrinogen, FDP, alpha 2M and protein C correlated inversely with serum albumin and directly with cholesterol and urine protein excretion. In contrast, ATIII and Plg correlated directly with serum albumin and inversely with cholesterol and urine protein excretion. A direct correlation was only noted between alpha 2AP and the dose of prednisolone. The data indicate that steroids appear to be a thrombogenic factor by accerelating thrombocytosis and hyperlipidemia, and by reducing plasma fibrinolysis in children with MCNS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Quantification of tenderness of masticatory muscle].

As more dentists diagnose and treat the patient with temporomandibular disorders, muscle palpation has been recognized as a valuable diagnostic method. But this method was depended on sensibility and experience of the operator. The purpose of this study was to establish the quantification of muscle palpation by new pressure pain threshold apparatus. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was determined by the subject when a ramp force applied to the skin changed from "pressure" to "pain". The subjects for the experiments were 90 normal males, 100 normal females and one patient with temporomandibular disorders. Total of 12 sites, anterior temporal M., posterior temporal M., superficial portion of masseter M. and deep portion of masseter M., were measured. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The females showed lower PPT than the males. 2. No difference of PPT between right and left sides was recognized in normal subject, but the significant difference in the patient. 3. PPT of the normal subjects were significantly higher in the posterior temporal M. than the other sites and lower in the superficial portion of masseter M. than the other sites.

Facial Pain↗
PubMed1990

Diffuse gallium-67 uptake in radiation pneumonitis.

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of Ga-67 imaging for the assessment of radiation pneumonitis, 12 patients who had developed radiation pneumonitis after receiving radiotherapy alone for non-small-cell lung cancer from 1979 through 1988 were reviewed. Diffuse bilateral Ga-67 uptake occurred in 5 out of the 12 cases; in the other 7 cases, Ga-67 uptake was confined to the irradiation lung. Conversely, chest radiography showed infiltrates only in the irradiated lung. Histopathology of the lung in four out of the five cases that showed diffuse Ga-67 uptake in the lung, however, revealed that the lung outside the radiation field with Ga-67 uptake was consistent with interstitial pneumonitis induced by radiation. These results suggest that radiation pneumonitis could extend beyond the irradiated lung and that Ga-67 imaging is more useful than chest radiography for the assessment of the spatial extent of radiography pneumonitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of PMUE therapy (CDDP, MMC, UFT, etoposide) in terminal gastric cancer].

CDDP, MMC, UFT and Etoposide (PMUE)-combined therapy was applied to 60 cases of terminal gastric cancer to examine its effectiveness. PMUE therapy consists of i.v. injection of CDDP 75 mg/body and MMC 10 mg/body on day 1, i.v. injection of Etoposide 50 mg/body on days 3, 4 and 5 and consecutive daily administration of UFT 400 mg/body, with 3 weeks as one course. Of 42 cases having estimable lesions, 23 (53.8%) showed high rate of effectiveness (PR). Especially, of 23 cases receiving no previous treatment, 15 (65.2%) benefitted by the therapy (PR) and 9 (69.2%) of 13 non-resected cases, to a wonderful extent. Five non-resected cases showed such a reduction in tumor size as made gastrectomy possible. As for the prognosis, one year-survival rate was 34.3, 49.0 and 16.0% for all 42 cases, 23 effective cases and 19 ineffective cases, respectively, with significant (p less than 0.001) prognostic prolongation for effective cases compared with ineffective ones. Side effects were digestive symptoms (85.7%), epilation (81.0%) and myelopathy (73.8%), which were all transitory and recovered. The present PMUE therapy was regarded as one of the best combined chemotherapies for terminal gastric cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia successfully treated with danazol].

A 50 year old female suffered from idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia. She was initially treated with prednisolone, and anemia was improved moderately. However, maintenance of Hb value was difficult with the decreased dosage of prednisolone. She was subsequently administered danazol, and anemia was completely improved. It is worth to use danazol for the treatment of the patient of autoimmune hemolytic anemia who is refractory to prednisolone therapy.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1989

Sensitivity of immunoaffinity-purified porcine 5-lipoxygenase to inhibitors and activating lipid hydroperoxides.

The requirement for hydroperoxide activation and the effect of inhibitors from different structural classes on 5-lipoxygenase activity were determined on the immunoaffinity-purified enzyme from porcine leukocytes. The 5-lipoxygenase activity was measured using a continuous spectrophotometric assay monitoring the increase in conjugated diene formation (A235) upon incubation of the enzyme with arachidonic acid. Under standard assay conditions, the reaction progress curves showed little or no lag phase, with a rapid first-order decay in enzyme activity (T1/2 = 0.7 to 1.1 min). Both the initial rate of the reaction and total product formation were stimulated by the addition of ATP, Ca2+ and phosphatidylcholine (PC). PC (24 micrograms/ml) was also found to increase the recovery of radiolabeled arachidonic acid from the assay mixture and thus part of the stimulation may be due to an increase in substrate availability and reduction of surface adsorption effects. The requirement of hydroperoxides for the initiation of the reaction was shown by the induction of 0.1 to 1-min lag phases using NaBH4 or glutathione peroxidase and by the reduction in lag times by 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE) and 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HPOD). The following compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of the 5-lipoxygenase reaction and caused a 50% decrease in product accumulation (IC50) at the indicated concentrations: quercetin, L-651,896, L-656,224, MTPPH and L-651,392 (0.3-0.5 microM); diphenyldisulfide (2-5 microM); phenidone (5-10 microM); AA861 (4-10 microM) and BW755C (4-15 microM). In addition, the presence of inhibitors extended the initial lag phase of the reaction and increased the dependence of the initiation of the reaction on exogenous lipid hydroperoxides. The inhibition by phenidone was accompanied by a 2-fold increase in the rate of enzyme inactivation, whereas other compounds such as AA861 and L-656,224 did not show this effect. The results indicate that the presence of inhibitors can modify the kinetics of 5-lipoxygenase at the levels of the initiation of the reaction and the rate of enzyme inactivation, with variations depending on the structural class of the inhibitor and the concentration of lipid hydroperoxides.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1989

The spread and prognosis of carcinoma in the region of the pancreatic head.

Tumor infiltration and prognosis were studied in 73 patients who underwent surgery for carcinoma in the region of the pancreatic head, in order to evaluate the grade of malignancy of pancreatic cancer. Twenty three patients had carcinoma of the head of the pancreas, 16 had carcinoma of the intrapancreatic bile duct and 34 had carcinoma of the papilla of Vater. It was found that the prognosis in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas was not related to tumor size, but to lymph node metastasis and the pancreatic capsular or perineural invasion of the tumor. The poorer prognosis seen in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas could be attributed to the fact that lymph node metastasis and invasion of the pancreatic capsule or nerve plexus occurred much more frequently in this carcinoma than in carcinoma of the other two areas. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with carcinoma of the head of the pancreas was 12.5 per cent, this being significantly lower than that of the patients with either carcinoma of the papilla of Vater (50.0 per cent) or carcinoma of the intrapancreatic bile duct (44.4 per cent). These findings suggest that lymph node metastasis and pancreatic capsular or perineural invasion closely correlate with the prognosis of patients with pancreatic carcinoma.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1989

Mechanism of action of angiotensin II on isolated rat glomeruli.

Angiotensin II (Ang II) regulates glomerular filtration rate by contracting mesangial cells and thereby decreasing glomerular filtration surface area. To elucidate the cellular mechanism of this action, we investigated the roles of Ca and protein kinase C (PKC) activation in Ang II-induced glomerular capillary vasoconstriction using 3H-inulin to measure the extracellular (largely intracapillary) volume of isolated decapsulated rat glomeruli. Ang II (1 microM) rapidly decreased the glomerular inulin space (GIS), bringing about a maximal decrease at five minutes, which lasted up to 30 minutes. When incubated in 0.5 mM EGTA-containing Ca-free medium or in the presence of 1 microM diltiazem or verapamil, the sustained phase (after 7 min) was completely inhibited. The initial effect (at 3 and 5 min) was only partially inhibited by these maneuvers but was completely inhibited by trifluoperazine or W-7, which indicated that it was dependent on calmodulin and, accordingly, on Ca probably released from the intracellular store. The sustained effect was mimicked by 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in the presence of extracellular Ca, but was not in its absence. The sustained effect was also inhibited by H-7, an inhibitor of PKC, and by W-7, which indicated that PKC activation and influx of extracellular Ca are both important. Combined treatment with A23187 and TPA could mimic both the initial and sustained effect of Ang II in the presence of extracellular Ca, though either one of them failed to do so when used alone. These results suggest that the initial effect of Ang II on GIS is mediated by Ca released from the intracellular store, on the one hand, and the sustained effect by extracellular Ca influx and PKC activation, on the other.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1989

Manual evaluation of residual curarization using double burst stimulation: a comparison with train-of-four.

Double burst stimulation (DBS) is a new mode of stimulation developed to reveal residual neuromuscular blockade under clinical conditions. The stimulus consists of two short bursts of 50 Hz tetanic stimulation, separated by 750 ms, and the response to the stimulation is two short muscle contractions. Fade in the response results from neuromuscular blockade as with train-of-four stimulation (TOF). The authors compared the sensitivity of DBS and TOF in the detection of residual neuromuscular blockade during clinical anaesthesia. Fifty-two healthy patients undergoing surgery were studied. For both stimulation patterns the frequencies of manually detectable fade in the response to stimulation were determined and compared at various electromechanically measured TOF ratios. A total of 369 fade evaluations for DBS and TOF were performed. Fade frequencies were statistically significantly higher with DBS than with TOF, regardless of the TOF ratio level. Absence of fade with TOF implied a 48% chance of considerable residual relaxation as compared with 9% when fade was absent with DBS. The results demonstrate that DBS is more sensitive than TOF in the manual detection of residual neuromuscular blockade.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical study of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase in porcine tissues.

12-Lipoxygenase oxygenates the 12 position of arachidonic acid and produces its 12-hydroperoxy derivative. The enzyme is found in greatest amounts in porcine leukocytes and is distributed widely in various other tissues. An anti-12-lipoxygenase antibody was raised in rabbits with the immunoaffinity-purified enzyme as an antigen and was used in immunohisto- and cytochemical studies on the enzyme, the physiological significance of which remains to be clarified. When peripheral blood cells were examined by immunoelectron microscopy, the enzyme was found in neutrophils and monocytes but was not detected in lymphocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes. In immunostained neutrophils and monocytes the enzyme was localized in the cytosol but was not clearly detected in the plasma membrane, nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and other organelles. Several other organs known to contain considerable amounts of 12-lipoxygenase were also investigated immunohistochemically, i.e., alimentary tract (ileum and jejunum), lymphatic organs (spleen, lymph node, and thymus), ovary, lung, liver, and others. In these organs, resident mast cells and granulocytes infiltrating the interstitial tissues were positively immunostained. The enzyme was not detected in parenchymal cells of these organs under our experimental conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of large doses of vecuronium; duration of initial and additional doses].

Neuromuscular blockade by large doses of vecuronium was investigated clinically and the duration of action of initial doses (0.2 mg.kg-1 and 0.3 mg.kg-1) and additional doses (0.01 mg.kg-1 and 0.02 mg.kg-1) were measured under enflurane-nitrous oxide anesthesia using a neuromuscular transmission monitoring system (Accelograph). In group A (initial dose = 0.2 mg.kg-1, additional dose = 0.02 mg.kg-1), the time of spontaneous recovery to 25% of control twitch height (T25) and 50% of control (T50) were 63.1 and 82.0 minutes respectively. The T50 interval of the two adjacent added doses (given at the time point of 50% recovery from the previous dose) was 31.1 minutes. Reversal time from TOF ratio = 25% to 75% after administration of edrophonium was 6.1 minutes. In group B (initial = 0.3 mg.kg-1, add. = 0.01 mg.kg-1), T25, T50, T50 interval and reversal time were 122.6, 159.4, 39.2 and 4.6 minutes respectively. In group C (initial = 0.3 mg.kg-1, add. = 0.02 mg.kg-1), above values were 119.2, 145.8, 48.4 and 6.7 minutes respectively. In this study there was no obvious side effect associated with administration of large doses of vecuronium. These methods will be very useful for long surgical procedures.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Six cases of HTLV-I associated bronchiolo-alveolar disorder (HABA)].

A new clinicopathological state related to HTLV-I infection was found in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). This specific state with chronic and progressive respiratory symptoms caused by bronchiolar or alveolar disorder was characterized by smoldering adult T-cell leukemia or the HTLV-I carrier state known as HTLV-I associated bronchiolo-alveolar disorder (HABA). The clinical features of 5 cases with the bronchiolar type of HABA and one case with alveolar type of HABA were described and were compatible with the criteria of DPB and IIP, respectively. Long-term subclinical infection of HTLV-I was suspected to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HABA. Furthermore, the investigation of HABA might yield a clue to the unknown etiology of DPB and IIP.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[CEA and CA19-9 in BALF from patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia].

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in 21 patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and 7 healthy volunteers. The concentrations of both CEA and CA19-9 in the BALF were significantly higher in patients with IIP than those in healthy subjects. Significant correlations were present between the concentration of CEA and neutrophil percentage of the total BALF cells and between the concentration of CA19-9 and neutrophil percentage of the total BALF cells in the patients with IIP. Immunohistochemical study of tissue CEA and CA19-9 in the postmortem lungs of patients with IIP showed that CEA staining was present in the epithelia of respiratory bronchioles and alveoli, and it was especially increased in the region of alveoli where type II pneumocytes proliferate. CA19-9 staining was present in the epithelia of the respiratory bronchioles but absent in the epithelia of alveoli. It seems that assay of CEA in BALF may be useful to estimate the degree of pathological change and the activity of IIP.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of reflex sympathetic dystrophy treated with nifedipine].

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) refers to a symptom complex observed after nerve injury and consists primarily of severe burning pain associated with sensory, vasomotor and trophic phenomena. A 54-year-old male had undergone nephrectomy. At surgery left XIth intercostal nerve had been injured by cautery. After a few weeks following surgery, the patient developed progressive deep burning pain, stabbing sensation and dysesthesia in the left abdominal region. Analgesics and narcotics were ineffective. We diagnosed his case as RSD. He received nifedipine 10mg sublingually. Pain relief was obtained within 10min and lasted for 6hs. Consequently, nifedipine therapy was started at a daily dose of 30 to 60mg. His symptoms were markedly improved within 4 weeks. After 3 months his pain resolved. At the present, some pain often returns, but nifedipine is effective. Nifedipine may be useful as a drug for the management of reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

Humans↗