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Biomedical subjects

N Tinanoff

Publications and source records attributed to N Tinanoff.

100 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
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A biopsychosocial model to predict caries in preschool children.

The purpose of the study is to assess a multidisciplinary caries-prediction model. Enrolled in the study were 184 low-income children ages 3-5 years old in two Head Start programs in Connecticut. Children were examined by a dentist at baseline and at 1 year for dental caries. Each child also provided a saliva sample to obtain a measure of S. mutans. The children's caregivers completed an interview that assessed oral health behaviors, and cognitive and socioeconomic factors. The prevalence of decay (1 dmfs) increased from 40 to 58% and the number of dmfs increased significantly from 2.5 (7.1) dmfs to 4.5 (8.8) dmfs (P < 0.001) in 1 year. S. mutans did not change significantly. Discriminant function analysis predicting change in caries in the second year from data obtained in the first year showed that S. mutans, dmfs, and toothbrushing significantly predicted caries risk (canonical correlation = 0.5571; x2 = 51; df = 3; P < 0.001). Children with higher dmfs, higher S. mutans, and whose parents reported more frequent brushing had more decay in the second year. None of the other behavioral, cognitive, or demographic factors was significant. The results emphasize the importance of early intervention in preventing dental caries in an underserved population.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of a preventive approach for the treatment of nursing bottle caries.

Seventeen children with nursing bottle caries and their caretakers were studied to assess whether a preventive program would arrest the progression of the caries. Prior to the study the caretakers were asked questions regarding their child's oral hygiene practices and nursing habits, as well as the caretaker's demographic characteristics. All caretakers were given instructions on how to control the use of their child's nursing bottle and how to brush their child's teeth twice daily with 0.4 percent stannous fluoride gel. After the instruction the children and caretakers were placed on 3-month recalls. Compliance was determined through a self-evaluation questionnaire assessing preventive behaviors. In general, the caretakers were unmarried 20- to 30-year-old women subsisting on welfare with one child. The majority of the caretakers were aware of the potential dangers of the child sleeping with milk or sweet liquids in the bottle. The study was discontinued after three month because caries noticeably progressed in all but two of the children, and only two caretakers complied fully with the prevention program.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Social and biological factors contributing to caries of the maxillary anterior teeth.

Caries prevalence among 3- to 4-year-old Head Start children and psychosocial information from their parents were obtained. The prevalence of maxillary anterior caries in the 369 children was 16%, with the most severely affected tooth surfaces being the mesial surfaces of the central incisors. Approximately 90% of parents whose children were found to have maxillary anterior caries knew that allowing their child to take a bottle to bed would harm the child's teeth. Significant differences were found in mutans streptococci levels between children with and without the anterior caries pattern. Although 86% of children with anterior caries were reported to have taken a bottle to bed, 69% of those children who did not have anterior caries also were reported to have taken a bottle to bed. Of the children with maxillary anterior caries, 87% had posterior caries, suggesting that anterior caries subsequently may contribute to an increased caries risk in other teeth.

Bottle Feeding↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early childhood caries: overview and recent findings.

Early childhood caries is of epidemic proportions in some U.S. minority populations and in developing countries, yet a review of the literature reveals numerous conflicting reports and unanswered questions regarding the etiology and prevention of the disease. Better knowledge of the cause of early childhood caries and effective strategies to reduce its risk should produce enormous reductions in initial and long-term dental treatment costs, as well as the pain and suffering of affected children.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental caries prevalence and treatment levels in Arizona preschool children.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of dental caries in a large group of preschool children, to determine the extent to which the children received dental treatment, to examine the association between demographic and socioeconomic factors and the prevalence of caries, and to compare these findings with those from previous studies of preschool populations in the United States. METHODS: Dental caries exams were performed on 5171 children ages 5 months through 4 years, and a parent or other caregiver was asked to complete a questionnaire giving information about the child and her or his household. The children were recruited from Head Start programs; Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) nutrition programs; health fairs; and day care centers in a representative sample of Arizona communities with populations of more than 1000 people. RESULTS: Of the 994 one-year-old children examined, 6.4% had caries, with a mean dmft (decayed, missing [extracted due to caries], and filled teeth) score of 0.18. Nearly 20% of the 2-year-olds had caries, with a mean dmft of 0.70. Thirty-five percent of the 3-year-olds had caries, with a mean dmft of 1.35, and 49% of the 4-year-olds had caries, with a mean dmft of 2.36. Children whose caregivers fell into the lowest education category had a mean dmft score three times higher than those with caregivers in the highest education category. Children with caregivers in the lowest income category had a mean dmft score four times higher than those with caregivers in the highest category. Children younger than age 3 had little evidence of dental treatment, and most of the children with caries in each age group had no filled or extracted teeth. CONCLUSIONS: The data show that dental caries is highly prevalent in this preschool population, with little of the disease being treated. Timing of diagnostic examinations and prevention strategies for preschool children need to be reconsidered, especially for children identified as having a high risk of caries.

Arizona↗