The role of tandem mass spectrometry in the diagnosis of fatty acid oxidation disorders.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase↗
Biomedical subjects
N Terada
Publications and source records attributed to N Terada.
[The effect of blood transfusion on immunological response in mice].
Recent clinical and experimental studies have suggested that blood transfusion decreased immunological responsiveness. In order to investigate this mechanism, we performed following studies. In vivo experiments, we investigated the effect of blood transfusion on tumor growth and survival rate in mice, and added the comparative studies about the timing of blood transfusion and blood cell component transfusion. In vitro experiments, we studied on the responses of CTL and NK activity by the experimental model of postoperative blood transfusion. These experiments led to the following results: 1) Accelerated tumor growth and reduced survival rate were observed in allogeneic transfused mice. 2) These effects were seen independently of the timing of blood transfusion. 3) A transfusion of lymphocytes was capable of inducing this effect of blood transfusion. 4) Blood transfusion induced both suppression of anti-tumor CTL, TNP-CTL and NK activity. 5) The suppression of CTL was mediated by suppressor cells. From these results, it was suggested that allogenic blood transfusion induced immunosuppression in mice independently of its timing.
Animals↗
Roles of ovaries and testes in hepatocellular tumorigenesis induced in mice by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene.
The roles of gonads in tumorigenesis induced in mouse liver by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me-DAB) were investigated. C57BL/6 x DS-F1 mice which were 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 days old were treated i.p. with 3'-Me-DAB. Nodular lesions induced in the liver were classified into adenomatous nodules and hepatocellular carcinomas. Adenomatous nodules were composed of a mixture of eosinophilic, basophilic, vacuolated and foamy hepatocytes in various proportions and compressed the adjacent parenchyma. These adenomatous nodules were of monoclonal origin. Carcinomas had a trabecular structure. The incidence, numbers per mouse and areas of adenomatous nodules and carcinomas in male and female mice aged 16-64 weeks were compared. Adenomatous nodules were first detected in males and females aged 24 and 52 weeks, respectively, and their incidences were much higher in males than in females of the same age. The number of adenomatous nodules per mouse and their size were also higher in males. The first carcinoma was found in a 52-week-old male, but no carcinomas were found in females even at 64 weeks of age. The effects of castration 23 days after birth on the appearance of nodular lesions in the livers of 32- to 64-week-old mice were examined. Castration of males did not affect the incidence of adenomatous nodules, but reduced the incidence of carcinomas. It also decreased the number of adenomatous nodules per mouse. Castration of females reduced the time before appearance of adenomatous nodules and increased their incidence, number per mouse, and area. A carcinoma appeared in a 64-week-old castrated female, but no similar lesion was found in intact females of the same age. These results indicate that tumorigenesis induced in mouse liver by 3'-Me-DAB is enhanced by the testes and suppressed by the ovaries.
Adenoma↗
Differential regulation of the tumor suppressor molecules, retinoblastoma susceptibility gene product (Rb) and p53, during cell cycle progression of normal human T cells.
We have activated resting human T lymphocytes to study the roles of the putative cell cycle control gene products, retinoblastoma susceptibility gene product (Rb) and p53, in regulating cell proliferation. After stimulation with phorbol, 12,13, dibutyrate and the calcium ionophore, ionomycin, which triggers a rapid entry of cells into G1 phase, we demonstrated Rb phosphorylation 24 h later, well before the onset of DNA synthesis. This finding, in contrast to reports using proliferating cell lines, implies that Rb phosphorylation is not a proximal event regulating the G1 to S transition. The production of p53 became detectable 3 to 6 h after addition of phorbol, 12,13,-dibutyrate and ionomycin, and peaked at 30 to 42 h. To further delineate the relationship of the synthesis and metabolism of the proteins to cell cycle progression, we used three agents to arrest progression of activated T cells at various points in the cell cycle. Aphidicolin arrested the cells at the G1/S boundary, whereas deferoxamine, an iron chelator, arrested the cells at an earlier stage of the cell cycle. Cyclosporin A blocked T cell activation at the earliest point in the cell cycle. In the presence of aphidicolin, Rb phosphorylation and p53 production proceeded normally whereas cyclosporin A inhibited both events. Although deferoxamine completely prevented Rb phosphorylation, p53 production was unaffected, suggesting a differential regulation of the two molecules. Our results place Rb phosphorylation and p53 production in the hierarchy of genetic events that are thought to regulate T lymphocyte progression through the cell cycle.
Aphidicolin↗
Proliferation of Shionogi carcinoma 115 cells by glucocorticoid-induced autocrine heparin-binding growth factor(s) in serum-free medium.
Shionogi carcinoma 115 (SC115) has been accepted for 20 years as an androgen-responsive mouse mammary tumor. Recently, the growth of the tumor was also found to be stimulated by pharmacological, but not physiological, doses of glucocorticoid. In a serum-free culture system [Ham's F-12:Eagle's minimal essential medium (1:1, v/v) containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin], we have established that 10(-8) M testosterone, or 10(-6) M dexamethasone significantly stimulates the growth of SC-3 cells (a cloned cell line from a SC115 tumor) via androgen and glucocorticoid receptors, respectively. Recently, we demonstrated that the testosterone-induced growth of SC-3 cells is mediated through autocrine fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-like peptide(s). In the present study, mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced growth of SC-3 cells were investigated. Serum-free conditioned medium obtained from 10(-6) M dexamethasone-stimulated SC-3 cells was fractionated by heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography; one sharp peak of growth-stimulatory activity for SC-3 cells, eluted at 1.3 M NaCl, was identified. When the peak fraction was added to serum-free medium, the shape of SC-3 cells changed from an epithelial to a fibroblast-like appearance, similar to that induced with testosterone or basic (b)FGF. Furthermore, the growth-stimulatory activity induced with the peak fraction as well as testosterone or bFGF was markedly inhibited by anti-bFGF antibody immunoglobulin G (75 to 90% inhibition was obtained), and the specific binding of 125I-bFGF on SC-3 cells was significantly inhibited by the peak fraction. These results suggest that the glucocorticoid-induced growth of SC-3 cells is also mediated through FGF-like peptide(s) in an autocrine mechanism, which is very similar to that induced by testosterone, if not identical.
Animals↗
Alpha-1 antichymotrypsin is increased in human alveolar macrophages by phorbol myristate acetate or lipopolysaccharide and released from these activated macrophages by glucocorticoid.
Alveolar macrophages were obtained from 23 patients and the effects of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and dexamethasone (DEX) on the proportion of cells with intracellular alpha-1 antichymotrypsin (ACT), and concentrations of ACT in the culture medium were studied in vitro. The alveolar macrophages were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage at autopsy or from resected lungs at operation and were cultured in suspension for 3 days in medium containing PMA, LPS, DEX, PMA+DEX, or LPS+DEX. Both PMA and LPS significantly increased the percentage of macrophages with intracellular ACT. Dexamethasone did not increase the number of ACT-positive cells and significantly suppressed the increase induced by PMA or LPS, releasing ACT into the culture medium. The release of ACT from macrophages may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of corticoids.
Adult↗
N-ras gene mutations in childhood acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia.
In view of the potential role for ras activation in leukemogenesis, we have screened a number of children with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) for activating point mutations at codons 12, 13 and 61 of the N-ras proto-oncogene using panels of oligonucleotide probes in conjunction with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) gene amplification. In contrast to the frequent occurrence (approximately 30%) of N-ras mutation reported in adult ANLL, 6 of 46 cases (13%) at the time of diagnosis had N-ras mutations involving codons 12 and 13. In these patients we also determine whether presenting clinical symptoms, cellular pathology, karyotype, or eventual outcome distinguished them from the ras-negative group. N-ras activation tended to be associated with a higher white blood cell count at diagnosis (mean of 225,000/microliters vs 91,000/microliters) and fewer remissions obtained after 28 days of therapy (3/6, 50% vs 24/32, 75%). It is possible that activation of N-ras oncogene may be involved in the progression of some cases of childhood ANLL.
Adolescent↗
Effect of dexamethasone on uterine cell death.
Oestrogen, progesterone and androgen inhibit uterine cell death after the depletion of oestrogen. In the present study, we investigated effects of glucocorticoid on death of mouse uterine cells. Castrated female mice were given a daily injection of 17 beta-oestradiol (0.2 microgram/mouse/day) for 3 days, and then an injection of 5'-[125I]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine ([125I]IdUrd) to label DNAs of uterine cells with 125I. Mice were killed at intervals during subsequent treatments, and the retention of [125I]IdUrd incorporated into the whole uterus was determined. On subsequent injection of vehicle only, the 125I-radioactivity retained in the whole uterus rapidly decreased. Injections of dexamethasone (50 micrograms/mouse/day) reduced the loss of 125I-radioactivity slightly but significantly. Dexamethasone also showed synergistic effects on the retention of 125I-radioactivity when it was daily injected together with 17 beta-oestradiol, progesterone or 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone. The present results suggest that glucocorticoid may affect the processes involved in the uterine cell death, in a manner such as inhibiting the uterine cell death or delaying the removal of DNAs of dead cells from the uterus.
Animals↗
Two cases of peritoneal serous papillary adenocarcinoma.
Two cases of peritoneal papillary carcinoma are reported. The patient in the first case was a 71-year-old woman with symptoms of obstructive ileus. Laparotomy revealed a tumor in the omentum involving the transverse colon, and several small tumors in the peritoneum and pelvic wall. However, no primary site of the tumor was seen in the ovary, pancreas, or gastrointestinal tract. The patient in the second case was a 44-year-old woman with carcinomatous peritonitis. Postmortem examination revealed multiple tumors in the peritoneum, omentum, and pelvic wall. Tumors were also found in the cortex with mild invasion of the underlying parenchyma of the bilateral ovaries, although these lesions were thought to be metastatic. The histologic features of the tumor in both cases were those of tubulopapillary adenocarcinoma containing scattered psammoma bodies. The cells were positive with the PAS-D technique, but negative with alcian blue staining. In both cases, the serum levels of CA-125 were considerably elevated, and the tumor cells showed positivity for CA-125, S-100 protein, cytokeratin and EMA by immunohistochemistry. The present cases were most likely peritoneal serous papillary adenocarcinoma derived from extraovarian peritoneal mesothelium with müllerian potential, being different from the usual type of diffuse malignant mesothelioma.
Adult↗
3-Keto reductase activity of estradiol-17 beta dehydrogenase and its contribution to androgen metabolism.
Hepatic estradiol-17 beta dehydrogenase from chickens catalyzed the reduction of the 3-keto group of androgens such as 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone and 5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione as well as the 17-keto reduction of 4-androstene-3,17-dione and dehydroepiandrosterone. The reaction products from 17-ketosteroid and 3-ketosteroid substrates were identified as 17 beta-hydroxysteroids and 3 beta-hydroxysteroids, respectively, by thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Barbital inhibited both 17 beta-estradiol dehydrogenase and 5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione reductase activity noncompetitively giving the same kinetic constant, Ki = 50 microM. 5 alpha-Androstane-3,17-dione competitively inhibited 17 beta-estradiol dehydrogenase activity. These results indicate that chicken liver estradiol-17 beta dehydrogenase is in fact a 3 beta- and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and that both 3- and 17-ketosteroids bind to the same catalytic site.
Androgens↗
Tuberculous bronchial stenosis: treatment with balloon bronchoplasty.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Bronchial Diseases↗
[Infiltration and activation of eosinophils during the late phase response in subjects with nasal allergy--from a study of nasal lavage fluid].
On fourteen volunteers with Japanese cedar pollinosis, nasal lavage and the determination of nasal airway resistance (NAR) were carried out periodically for twelve hours after an antigen challenge using antigen disk. The percentage of EG2 positive eosinophils, the number of activated eosinophils (EG2 positive eosinophils) and the amount of ECP in each sample of nasal lavage fluid were determined. 1. The percentage of activated eosinophils increased during the late phase compared with that before the challenge and during the early phase. The number of activated eosinophils and the amount of ECP increased during both phases, but more markedly during the late phase. 2. The number of activated eosinophils and the amount of ECP were compared between the group with late phase response and that without a marked late response. Both the number of activated eosinophils and the amount of ECP showed a tendency to increase in the positive group. 3. There was a statistically significant correlation between the percentage of increase in NAR and the number of activated eosinophils. The correlation coefficient during the late phase was considerably higher than in the early phase. From these findings, the increased number of activated eosinophils observed during the late phase response is assumed to have a significant relationship with increased NAR and also the hyperreactivity of nasal mucosa.
Adult↗
Inhibitory effect of androgen on cell death of mouse uterine epithelium.
The protective effect of androgen against the cell death of mouse uterine epithelium was evaluated by examining the retention of 5'-[125I]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine ([125I]IdUrd) incorporated into the whole uterus and the apoptotic index (percentage of the apoptotic cells to the total cells) which is a good index of physiological cell death. Castrated adult female mice were daily injected with oestradiol-17 beta for 3 days, followed by the injection of [125I]IdUrd. Thereafter, these mice were daily injected with only the vehicle or 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and the 125I-radioactivity retained in the whole uterus was determined. When only the vehicle was injected, the 125I-radioactivity retained in the whole uterus rapidly decreased but injections of DHT reduced the loss of 125I-radioactivity. The effect of DHT on the retention of 125I-radioactivity depended on doses of DHT and was abolished by the pure antiandrogen, flutamide. The apoptotic index of uterine cells was examined by a similar experimental protocol, but without an injection of [125I]IdUrd. Injections of only the vehicle caused marked increases in the apoptotic indices of both luminal and glandular epithelia, but injections of DHT decreased them significantly. The apoptotic index of stroma was not affected by the injection of DHT. The present results indicated that androgen reduces the cell death of mouse uterine epithelium through the androgen receptor.
Animals↗
Estrogen- and androgen-responsive growth of human ovarian adenocarcinoma heterotransplanted into nude mice.
A new line of human serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary, designated OVA-5, has been established in athymic nude mice. A strong correlation was noted between tumor volume and plasma CA125 levels in mice bearing OVA-5 tumor. Growth of the OVA-5 tumor in castrated male nude mice was accelerated by s.c. administration of estradiol-17 beta and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone but not by progesterone. Estradiol-17 beta and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone also accelerated the growth of the OVA-5 tumor heterotransplanted into sialoadenectomized castrated male nude mice. No remarkable change was observed in the histological appearances of the tumors between control groups and hormone-treated groups. Receptor assays revealed that the OVA-5 tumor had both estrogen and androgen receptors. Growth of the OVA-5-tumor is thus responsive to estrogen and androgen.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Alteration of N-ras gene mutation after relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
We investigated N-ras activation in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (dALL) by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the oligonucleotide hybridization method. The frequency of point-mutation of the N-ras gene was not high (2 of 15), and one positive case who relapsed was analyzed in detail. Although N-ras gene activation was detected at both onset and relapse, the mutation sites were different. At onset, Gly (GGT) was changed to Ser (AGT) at codon 12, and at relapse, Gly (GGT) to Asp (GAT) was observed at the same codon. In addition, the DNA at relapse showed a remarkably higher transforming activity than the DNA at onset on two independent recipient cell lines. The identical cell surface phenotype and the same rearrangement patterns of both the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain and T-cell receptor (TCR) gamma chain genes indicated that the leukemic cells at onset and those at relapse were derived from the same precursor cell. Therefore, this case supports the concept that ras activation is not the event initiating leukemogenesis, but may be involved in leukemic progression.
Base Sequence↗
Enhancement of mucus accumulation in a human gastric scirrhous carcinoma cell line (KATO-III) by fibroblast-tumor cell interaction.
Human fibroblasts (WI-38 cells) were found to enhance mucus accumulation by human scirrhous carcinoma cells (KATO-III cells). Coculture of KATO-III with WI-38 cells resulted in enlargement of the KATO-III cells and increases in the proportions of PAS- and colloidal iron-positive KATO-III cells. These morphological alterations were reversed when the KATO-III cells were again cultured without WI-38 cells. Conditioned media from cultures of WI-38 cells or cocultures of KATO-III and WI-38 cells induced the same morphological alterations in KATO-III cells, suggesting that WI-38 cells produce a factor or factors that enhance mucus accumulation in KATO-III cells. This factor seemed to be a protein with a molecular weight of more than 10,000 daltons.
Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
Effects of danazol, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, and a combination of danazol and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on experimental endometriosis.
Effects of danazol, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (leuprolide), and danazol-leuprolide combination on experimental endometriosis were evaluated in female rats. A complete resorption of the fluid and a marked decrease in the volume of endometrium autotransplanted under the renal capsule were found after castration (1.4 +/- 0.1 mm3 in castrated, n = 14, vs 26.7 +/- 5.6 mm3 in intact control, n = 16). Histologic examination indicated atrophy and regression of the endometrial explant. These atrophic changes of endometrial explant were also induced by danazol, leuprolide, and the combination treatment. However, the volume of explants after combination therapy with danazol and leuprolide (1.8 +/- 1.0 mm3, n = 17) was significantly less than that after therapy with danazol (11.6 +/- 2.8 mm3, n = 20) or leuprolide alone (5.9 +/- 1.4 mm3, n = 24). The combination therapy (16/17) was also shown to be superior to danazol (9/20) or leuprolide alone (14/24) to induce the regression of fluid in experimental endometriosis. As expected, administration of leuprolide decreased the serum estradiol level, but use of danazol did not. These findings suggest that a combination therapy of danazol and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, which show different modes of action, may be a potential modality in treatment of patients with advanced endometriosis.
Analysis of Variance↗
Decrease of nitrate biosynthesis in scorbutic mutant rats unable to synthesize ascorbic acid.
The effect of ascorbic acid deficiency on the urinary excretion of nitrate was investigated using a mutant strain of rats (osteogenic disorder syndrome rats; ODS rats) unable to synthesize ascorbic acid. The amount of urinary nitrate excreted by ODS rats with or without ascorbic acid supplementation were measured before and after the intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Urinary nitrate excretion increased markedly after LPS injection. Urinary nitrate excretion by ODS rats not supplied with ascorbic acid was significantly less than that of those supplied with ascorbic acid both before and after LPS injection. These results show that ascorbic acid enhances both LPS-stimulated and constitutive nitrate production in vivo.
Adrenal Glands↗