Association of acute pyelonephritis with pulmonary complications in pregnancy. A report of two cases.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
N Tejani
Publications and source records attributed to N Tejani.
Perinatal outcome after recent cocaine usage.
Eighty-eight neonates born to mothers with a history of cocaine use during pregnancy were divided into two groups based upon the detection of cocaine metabolites in the first neonatal urine. Forty neonatal urine samples were positive for cocaine and 46 were negative. Preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid were significantly more frequent in those mothers whose neonates tested positive for cocaine metabolites than in those whose infants were negative (P less than .05). Neonates testing positive were more likely to exhibit signs and symptoms of acute cocaine intoxication. Low birth weight, growth retardation, and abruptio placentae were also more frequent than would be expected in the general population, but were not statistically different between the groups. These findings suggest that the differences noted in the cocaine-positive group may represent acute and chronic exposure, whereas the negative group reflects the problems associated with chronic usage alone.
Amniotic Fluid↗
Umbilical artery creatine kinase brain-band isozyme as a predictor of neonatal periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage.
In low-birth-weight neonates, an elevation in the percentage of creatine kinase brain-band isozyme in the umbilical artery was significantly correlated with future development of neonatal grade III and grade IV periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage, when compared with levels in those neonates who did not show periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage or who developed grade I and grade II periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (p = 0.025). In these neonates the relative levels in maternal venous, umbilical arterial, and umbilical venous samples indicated that the source of the isozyme was fetal.
Apgar Score↗
Effect of dietary protein on glomerular filtration rate in pregnancy.
High dietary protein intake is known to increase glomerular filtration rate in the nonpregnant state. The effects of dietary protein on renal function in human pregnancy are not well known. We studied 392 patients with singleton uncomplicated pregnancies at gestational ages of 7-40 weeks. Creatinine clearance was correlated with protein intake estimated from 24-hour dietary recall during the same period. Creatinine clearances were significantly higher when dietary protein was more than 50 g than when it was less than 50 g (P less than .005). The short- or long-term significance of this finding is unclear.
Dietary Proteins↗
Correlation of Apgar scores and umbilical artery acid-base status to mortality and morbidity in the low birth weight neonate.
Neonatal mortality, idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, and early periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage in the neonate weighing 2000 g or less were correlated with umbilical artery acid-base status. Neonatal mortality and, to a lesser extent, idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome correlated with umbilical artery acidosis. Early periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage was associated with low Apgar scores, but showed no correlation with umbilical artery acid-base status.
Acidosis↗
Neonatal depression and birth asphyxia in the low birthweight neonate.
In 392 low birthweight neonates, acidosis as evident from umbilical artery pH 7.1 or less was strongly associated with Apgar score 6 or lower at 1 minute. However, most cases that were depressed (Apgar score 6 or lower at 1 minute) were not acidotic. Neonatal depression was most strongly and directly correlated with gestational age. Neonatal depression and birth asphyxia are distinct entities.
Acidosis↗
Infancy and early childhood follow-up of neonates with periventricular or intraventricular hemorrhage or isolated ventricular dilation: a case controlled study.
Survivors of periventricular or intraventricular hemorrhage and isolated ventricular dilation showed a higher incidence of major developmental problems in the motor areas than matched control subjects in infancy. This effect is still seen, but less evident in early childhood. Problems were mainly related to grades III and IV periventricular or intraventricular hemorrhage and isolated ventricular dilation. The outcome of newborns with grades I and II hemorrhage was benign.
Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
Detection of cardiac events by continuous electrocardiogram monitoring during ritodrine infusion.
Cardiac events in 30 patients in preterm labor on ritodrine therapy were examined continuously on a Holter monitor. Unsuspected events, such as persistent severe tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, and supraventricular premature contractions, were observed. These events did not occur more frequently in patients with cardiac symptoms. None of these changes were observed by standard monitoring methods. Continued beta-mimetic stimulation in the presence of these events may lead to the serious cardiopulmonary complications that have been reported during ritodrine infusion.
Angina Pectoris↗
Correlation of cerebral function monitoring with non-reactive non-stress test.
The cerebral function monitor, a system which records integrated electroencephalograms, was used to assess neurological status of newborns who had a non-reactive non-stress test prior to delivery. Babies born within 24 h of a non-reactive tracing had a significant lack of sleep cycling and persistence of immature patterns when compared with controls matched for gestational age.
Brain↗
Lymphocyte subsets in the neonates of preeclamptic mothers.
With the aid of specific monoclonal antibodies, indirect immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry, peripheral blood lymphocyte populations were studied in 12 preeclamptic mothers and compared with those of ten normal patients at term. As well, lymphocyte subsets from newborns of these preeclamptic mothers and ten normal patients at term were studied. Lymphocytes were labelled with murine monoclonal antibodies directed against T cells and subsets of helper cells, suppressor/cytotoxic cells and natural killer cells. Cord blood lymphocytes of neonates from preeclamptic mothers showed a statistically significant reduction of total T cells, helper cells, and natural killer cells as compared to control. A significant reduction in helper/suppressor ratio was also observed. It is hypothesized that the differences in the immune system of the neonates in the preeclamptic group may be due to the stress of intrauterine malnutrition secondary to uteroplacental insufficiency.
Female↗
Effect of route of delivery on periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage in the low-birth-weight fetus with a breech presentation.
Ninety-two consecutive cases of breech presentation with birth weights less than or equal to 2,000 g were examined for early periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage (PV/IVH) and neonatal demise. The total group and subgroups, based on birth weight and gestational age, showed significantly less early PV/IVH and perinatal mortality if delivered by cesarean section. There is a need for a prospective, randomized, multicentric study of this subject.
Breech Presentation↗
Serum prolactin levels during contraction stress test done by the breast pump.
Maternal serum prolactin (PRL) levels were evaluated in patients having contraction stress tests (CST) by nipple stimulation. Of 79 CSTs, 14 failed and 65 were successful. Poststimulation PRL levels in failed cases were significantly lower than those in gestational age-matched successful cases, despite longer duration of nipple stimulation in the failed cases.
Breast↗
Method and route of delivery in the low birth weight vertex presentation correlated with early periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage.
Two hundred eighty patients with vertex presentation who were in spontaneous labor and delivered neonates weighing 2 kg or less were examined for early ultrasound evidence of periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage. This was correlated retrospectively with delivery route (cesarean section versus vaginal delivery) and delivery method (low forceps delivery versus normal spontaneous delivery) in the group born vaginally. No correlation was evident between early periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage and delivery route or method.
Apgar Score↗
Correlation of fetal heart rate monitoring and acid-base status with periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage in the low birthweight neonate.
We investigated the correlation of fetal heart rate patterns and fetal acid-base findings with the occurrence of early periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage and variants. Ninety-five consecutive singleton neonates with birthweights less than or equal to 2000 gm were investigated. One-third of them showed early periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage or variants. Fetal heart rate scores and umbilical arterial/venous acid-base status showed no correlation with results of scanning. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
Fetal heart rate changes and uterine activity during coitus.
Fetal heart rate and uterine activity were monitored during sexual intercourse in three otherwise normal gravid women at varying gestational ages. Increased uterine activity and a variety of fetal heart rate changes, some of which are traditionally identified as ominous, were seen in most instances immediately following orgasm. An increase in fetal activity was also commonly reported by the mothers. It is postulated that coitus is equivalent to an unmonitored contraction stress test.
Adult↗
Management of the third stage of labor with nipple stimulation.
Nipple stimulation was found to be a safe alternative to oxytocin in the management of the third stage of labor.
Adult↗
Induction of labor with an electric breast pump.
Nipple stimulation with an electric breast pump was compared with oxytocin infusion as a means of labor induction. The time from stimulation to the onset of regular uterine activity and to 200 Montevideo units of uterine activity and the time until entrance into the active phase of labor were significantly shorter in the nipple stimulation group. Once the women were in active labor, there was no difference between the groups in the length of labor or mode of delivery.
Breast↗
Lymphocyte subsets in women on low dose oral contraceptives.
Oral contraceptive users have been reported to have a higher incidence of viral, bacterial and fungal infections. This study was undertaken to try to elucidate some of the mechanisms responsible for this increased susceptibility to infection. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were labelled with murine monoclonal antibodies directed against T cells and the various lymphocyte subsets: helper cells, suppressor/cytotoxic cells, or natural killer cells. The lymphocytes were then analyzed on a Coulter Electronics Epics V fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACS). A total of 27 control and 33 oral contraceptive users were studied. In comparison to the control group, there was no significant difference between the two groups in percentage or absolute numbers of total T cells, helper cells, suppressor/cytotoxic cells or natural killer cells. This study suggests that the increase in herpes virus, C. trachomonas, candida, and other infections in women taking oral contraceptives is not related to alterations in the numbers of T lymphocyte subsets or in levels of NK cells.
Contraceptives, Oral↗